Synnefo » snf-ganeti » ganeti-local

QEMU emulator version 0.15.90, Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard

usage: qemu [options] [disk_image]

'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0

Standard options:

-h or -help     display this help and exit

-version        display version information and exit

-machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]]

                selects emulated machine (-machine ? for list)

                property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator

                supported accelerators are kvm, xen, tcg (default: tcg)

-cpu cpu        select CPU (-cpu ? for list)

-smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]

                set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]

                maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including

                offline CPUs for hotplug, etc

                cores= number of CPU cores on one socket

                threads= number of threads on one CPU core

                sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system

-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]

-fda/-fdb file  use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image

-hda/-hdb file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image

-hdc/-hdd file  use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image

-cdrom file     use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)

-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]

       [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]

       [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f]

       [,serial=s][,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]

       [,readonly=on|off]

                use 'file' as a drive image

-set group.id.arg=value

                set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>

                i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image

-global driver.property=value

                set a global default for a driver property

-mtdblock file  use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image

-sd file        use 'file' as SecureDigital card image

-pflash file    use 'file' as a parallel flash image

-boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]

      [,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time]

                'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)

                'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on

                'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms

-snapshot       write to temporary files instead of disk image files

-m megs         set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=128]

-mem-path FILE  provide backing storage for guest RAM

-mem-prealloc   preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)

-k language     use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)

-audio-help     print list of audio drivers and their options

-soundhw c1,... enable audio support

                and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)

                use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards

                use -soundhw all to enable all of them

-usb            enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)

-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'

-device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]

                add device (based on driver)

                prop=value,... sets driver properties

                use -device ? to print all possible drivers

                use -device driver,? to print all possible properties

File system options:

-fsdev fsdriver,id=id,path=path,[security_model={mapped|passthrough|none}]

       [,writeout=immediate][,readonly]

Virtual File system pass-through options:

-virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=[mapped|passthrough|none]

        [,writeout=immediate][,readonly]

-virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image

-name string1[,process=string2]

                set the name of the guest

                string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)

-uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x

                specify machine UUID

Display options:

-display sdl[,frame=on|off][,alt_grab=on|off][,ctrl_grab=on|off]

            [,window_close=on|off]|curses|none|

            vnc=<display>[,<optargs>]

                select display type

-nographic      disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console

-curses         use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL

-no-frame       open SDL window without a frame and window decorations

-alt-grab       use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)

-ctrl-grab      use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)

-no-quit        disable SDL window close capability

-sdl            enable SDL

-spice <args>   enable spice

-portrait       rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)

-rotate <deg>   rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD)

-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|none]

                select video card type

-full-screen    start in full screen

-g WxH[xDEPTH]  Set the initial graphical resolution and depth

-vnc display    start a VNC server on display

i386 target only:

-win2k-hack     use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug

-no-fd-bootchk  disable boot signature checking for floppy disks

-no-acpi        disable ACPI

-no-hpet        disable HPET

-balloon none   disable balloon device

-balloon virtio[,addr=str]

                enable virtio balloon device (default)

-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...]

                ACPI table description

-smbios file=binary

                load SMBIOS entry from binary file

-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]

                specify SMBIOS type 0 fields

-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]

              [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]

                specify SMBIOS type 1 fields

Network options:

-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]

                create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'

-net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=on|off]

         [,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f]

         [,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]

                connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its

                DHCP server and enabled optional services

-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h][,vhostforce=on|off]

                connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the

                network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/qemu-ifup)

                and 'dfile' (default=/etc/qemu-ifdown)

                use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution

                use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface

                use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the

                default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576')

                use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag

                use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition

                use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator

                    (only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX)

                use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests

                use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device

-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]

                connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection

-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]]

                connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port

                use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from

-net vde[,vlan=n][,name=str][,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode]

                connect the vlan 'n' to port 'n' of a vde switch running

                on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'.

                Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default

                ownership and permissions for communication port.

-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]

                dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)

-net none       use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option

                is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'

-netdev [user|tap|vde|socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...]

Character device options:

-chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off]

-chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay]

         [,server][,nowait][,telnet][,mux=on|off] (tcp)

-chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet],[mux=on|off] (unix)

-chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]

         [,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]

-chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off]

-chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]

         [,mux=on|off]

-chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]

-chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]

-chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off]

-chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off]

-chardev braille,id=id[,mux=on|off]

-chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]

-chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]

-chardev spicevmc,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug]

Bluetooth(R) options:

-bt hci,null    dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands

-bt hci,host[:id]

                use host's HCI with the given name

-bt hci[,vlan=n]

                emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'

-bt vhci[,vlan=n]

                add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI

-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]

                emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'

Linux/Multiboot boot specific:

-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image

-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line

-initrd file    use 'file' as initial ram disk

Debug/Expert options:

-serial dev     redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'

-parallel dev   redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'

-monitor dev    redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'

-qmp dev        like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode

-mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]

-debugcon dev   redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'

-pidfile file   write PID to 'file'

-singlestep     always run in singlestep mode

-S              freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)

-gdb dev        wait for gdb connection on 'dev'

-s              shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234

-d item1,...    output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items)

-D logfile      output log to logfile (instead of the default /tmp/qemu.log)

-hdachs c,h,s[,t]

                force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS

                translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)

-L path         set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps

-bios file      set the filename for the BIOS

-enable-kvm     enable KVM full virtualization support

-xen-domid id   specify xen guest domain id

-xen-create     create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend

                warning: should not be used when xend is in use

-xen-attach     attach to existing xen domain

                xend will use this when starting qemu

-no-reboot      exit instead of rebooting

-no-shutdown    stop before shutdown

-loadvm [tag|id]

                start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)

-daemonize      daemonize QEMU after initializing

-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space

-clock          force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.

                To see what timers are available use -clock ?

-rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]

                set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)

-icount [N|auto]

                enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per

                instruction

-watchdog i6300esb|ib700

                enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]

-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none

                action when watchdog fires [default=reset]

-echr chr       set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a

-virtioconsole c

                set virtio console

-show-cursor    show cursor

-tb-size n      set TB size

-incoming p     prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p

-nodefaults     don't create default devices

-chroot dir     chroot to dir just before starting the VM

-runas user     change to user id user just before starting the VM

-prom-env variable=value

                set OpenBIOS nvram variables

-semihosting    semihosting mode

-old-param      old param mode

-readconfig <file>

-writeconfig <file>

                read/write config file

-nodefconfig

                do not load default config files at startup

-trace [events=<file>][,file=<file>]

                specify tracing options

During emulation, the following keys are useful:

ctrl-alt-f      toggle full screen

ctrl-alt-n      switch to virtual console 'n'

ctrl-alt        toggle mouse and keyboard grab

When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.