root / qemu-options.hx @ c2cc47a4
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HXCOMM Use DEFHEADING() to define headings in both help text and texi |
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HXCOMM Text between STEXI and ETEXI are copied to texi version and |
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HXCOMM discarded from C version |
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HXCOMM DEF(option, HAS_ARG/0, opt_enum, opt_help) is used to construct |
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HXCOMM option structures, enums and help message. |
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HXCOMM HXCOMM can be used for comments, discarded from both texi and C |
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|
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DEFHEADING(Standard options:) |
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STEXI |
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@table @option |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_h, |
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"-h or -help display this help and exit\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -h |
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Display help and exit |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("version", 0, QEMU_OPTION_version, |
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"-version display version information and exit\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -version |
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Display version information and exit |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("M", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_M, |
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"-M machine select emulated machine (-M ? for list)\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -M @var{machine} |
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Select the emulated @var{machine} (@code{-M ?} for list) |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("cpu", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cpu, |
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"-cpu cpu select CPU (-cpu ? for list)\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -cpu @var{model} |
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Select CPU model (-cpu ? for list and additional feature selection) |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("smp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smp, |
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"-smp n set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -smp @var{n} |
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Simulate an SMP system with @var{n} CPUs. On the PC target, up to 255 |
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CPUs are supported. On Sparc32 target, Linux limits the number of usable CPUs |
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to 4. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("numa", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_numa, |
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"-numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -numa @var{opts} |
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Simulate a multi node NUMA system. If mem and cpus are omitted, resources |
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are split equally. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("fda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fda, |
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"-fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image\n") |
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DEF("fdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_fdb, "") |
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STEXI |
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@item -fda @var{file} |
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@item -fdb @var{file} |
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Use @var{file} as floppy disk 0/1 image (@pxref{disk_images}). You can |
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use the host floppy by using @file{/dev/fd0} as filename (@pxref{host_drives}). |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("hda", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hda, |
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"-hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image\n") |
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DEF("hdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdb, "") |
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DEF("hdc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdc, |
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"-hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image\n") |
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DEF("hdd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdd, "") |
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STEXI |
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@item -hda @var{file} |
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@item -hdb @var{file} |
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@item -hdc @var{file} |
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@item -hdd @var{file} |
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Use @var{file} as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image (@pxref{disk_images}). |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("cdrom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_cdrom, |
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"-cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -cdrom @var{file} |
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Use @var{file} as CD-ROM image (you cannot use @option{-hdc} and |
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@option{-cdrom} at the same time). You can use the host CD-ROM by |
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using @file{/dev/cdrom} as filename (@pxref{host_drives}). |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("drive", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_drive, |
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"-drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]\n" |
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" [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]\n" |
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" [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none][,format=f][,serial=s]\n" |
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" [,addr=A]\n" |
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" use 'file' as a drive image\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -drive @var{option}[,@var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]]] |
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|
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Define a new drive. Valid options are: |
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|
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@table @code |
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@item file=@var{file} |
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This option defines which disk image (@pxref{disk_images}) to use with |
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this drive. If the filename contains comma, you must double it |
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(for instance, "file=my,,file" to use file "my,file"). |
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@item if=@var{interface} |
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This option defines on which type on interface the drive is connected. |
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Available types are: ide, scsi, sd, mtd, floppy, pflash, virtio. |
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@item bus=@var{bus},unit=@var{unit} |
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These options define where is connected the drive by defining the bus number and |
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the unit id. |
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@item index=@var{index} |
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This option defines where is connected the drive by using an index in the list |
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of available connectors of a given interface type. |
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@item media=@var{media} |
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This option defines the type of the media: disk or cdrom. |
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@item cyls=@var{c},heads=@var{h},secs=@var{s}[,trans=@var{t}] |
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These options have the same definition as they have in @option{-hdachs}. |
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@item snapshot=@var{snapshot} |
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@var{snapshot} is "on" or "off" and allows to enable snapshot for given drive (see @option{-snapshot}). |
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@item cache=@var{cache} |
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@var{cache} is "none", "writeback", or "writethrough" and controls how the host cache is used to access block data. |
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@item format=@var{format} |
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Specify which disk @var{format} will be used rather than detecting |
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the format. Can be used to specifiy format=raw to avoid interpreting |
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an untrusted format header. |
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@item serial=@var{serial} |
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This option specifies the serial number to assign to the device. |
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@item addr=@var{addr} |
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Specify the controller's PCI address (if=virtio only). |
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@end table |
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|
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By default, writethrough caching is used for all block device. This means that |
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the host page cache will be used to read and write data but write notification |
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will be sent to the guest only when the data has been reported as written by |
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the storage subsystem. |
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|
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Writeback caching will report data writes as completed as soon as the data is |
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present in the host page cache. This is safe as long as you trust your host. |
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If your host crashes or loses power, then the guest may experience data |
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corruption. When using the @option{-snapshot} option, writeback caching is |
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used by default. |
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|
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The host page cache can be avoided entirely with @option{cache=none}. This will |
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attempt to do disk IO directly to the guests memory. QEMU may still perform |
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an internal copy of the data. |
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|
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Some block drivers perform badly with @option{cache=writethrough}, most notably, |
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qcow2. If performance is more important than correctness, |
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@option{cache=writeback} should be used with qcow2. By default, if no explicit |
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caching is specified for a qcow2 disk image, @option{cache=writeback} will be |
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used. For all other disk types, @option{cache=writethrough} is the default. |
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|
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Instead of @option{-cdrom} you can use: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=2,media=cdrom |
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@end example |
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|
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Instead of @option{-hda}, @option{-hdb}, @option{-hdc}, @option{-hdd}, you can |
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use: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=0,media=disk |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=1,media=disk |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=2,media=disk |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=3,media=disk |
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@end example |
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|
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You can connect a CDROM to the slave of ide0: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive file=file,if=ide,index=1,media=cdrom |
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@end example |
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|
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If you don't specify the "file=" argument, you define an empty drive: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive if=ide,index=1,media=cdrom |
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@end example |
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|
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You can connect a SCSI disk with unit ID 6 on the bus #0: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive file=file,if=scsi,bus=0,unit=6 |
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@end example |
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|
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Instead of @option{-fda}, @option{-fdb}, you can use: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=0,if=floppy |
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qemu -drive file=file,index=1,if=floppy |
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@end example |
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|
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By default, @var{interface} is "ide" and @var{index} is automatically |
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incremented: |
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@example |
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qemu -drive file=a -drive file=b" |
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@end example |
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is interpreted like: |
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@example |
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qemu -hda a -hdb b |
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@end example |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("mtdblock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_mtdblock, |
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"-mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image\n") |
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STEXI |
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|
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@item -mtdblock file |
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Use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("sd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_sd, |
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"-sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -sd file |
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Use 'file' as SecureDigital card image. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("pflash", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pflash, |
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"-pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -pflash file |
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Use 'file' as a parallel flash image. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("boot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_boot, |
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"-boot [a|c|d|n] boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n)\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -boot [a|c|d|n] |
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Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or Etherboot (n). Hard disk boot |
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is the default. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("snapshot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_snapshot, |
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"-snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -snapshot |
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Write to temporary files instead of disk image files. In this case, |
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the raw disk image you use is not written back. You can however force |
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the write back by pressing @key{C-a s} (@pxref{disk_images}). |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("m", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_m, |
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"-m megs set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=%d]\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -m @var{megs} |
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Set virtual RAM size to @var{megs} megabytes. Default is 128 MiB. Optionally, |
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a suffix of ``M'' or ``G'' can be used to signify a value in megabytes or |
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gigabytes respectively. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("k", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_k, |
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"-k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -k @var{language} |
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|
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Use keyboard layout @var{language} (for example @code{fr} for |
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French). This option is only needed where it is not easy to get raw PC |
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keycodes (e.g. on Macs, with some X11 servers or with a VNC |
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display). You don't normally need to use it on PC/Linux or PC/Windows |
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hosts. |
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|
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The available layouts are: |
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@example |
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ar de-ch es fo fr-ca hu ja mk no pt-br sv |
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da en-gb et fr fr-ch is lt nl pl ru th |
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de en-us fi fr-be hr it lv nl-be pt sl tr |
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@end example |
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|
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The default is @code{en-us}. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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|
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#ifdef HAS_AUDIO |
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DEF("audio-help", 0, QEMU_OPTION_audio_help, |
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"-audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options\n") |
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#endif |
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STEXI |
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@item -audio-help |
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|
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Will show the audio subsystem help: list of drivers, tunable |
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parameters. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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#ifdef HAS_AUDIO |
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DEF("soundhw", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_soundhw, |
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"-soundhw c1,... enable audio support\n" |
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" and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)\n" |
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" use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards\n" |
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" use -soundhw all to enable all of them\n") |
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#endif |
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STEXI |
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@item -soundhw @var{card1}[,@var{card2},...] or -soundhw all |
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|
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Enable audio and selected sound hardware. Use ? to print all |
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available sound hardware. |
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|
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@example |
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qemu -soundhw sb16,adlib disk.img |
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qemu -soundhw es1370 disk.img |
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qemu -soundhw ac97 disk.img |
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qemu -soundhw all disk.img |
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qemu -soundhw ? |
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@end example |
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|
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Note that Linux's i810_audio OSS kernel (for AC97) module might |
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require manually specifying clocking. |
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|
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@example |
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modprobe i810_audio clocking=48000 |
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@end example |
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ETEXI |
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|
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STEXI |
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@end table |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("usb", 0, QEMU_OPTION_usb, |
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"-usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)\n") |
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STEXI |
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USB options: |
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@table @option |
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|
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@item -usb |
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Enable the USB driver (will be the default soon) |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("usbdevice", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_usbdevice, |
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"-usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'\n") |
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STEXI |
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|
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@item -usbdevice @var{devname} |
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Add the USB device @var{devname}. @xref{usb_devices}. |
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|
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@table @code |
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|
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@item mouse |
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Virtual Mouse. This will override the PS/2 mouse emulation when activated. |
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|
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@item tablet |
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Pointer device that uses absolute coordinates (like a touchscreen). This |
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means qemu is able to report the mouse position without having to grab the |
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mouse. Also overrides the PS/2 mouse emulation when activated. |
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|
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@item disk:[format=@var{format}]:file |
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Mass storage device based on file. The optional @var{format} argument |
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will be used rather than detecting the format. Can be used to specifiy |
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format=raw to avoid interpreting an untrusted format header. |
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|
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@item host:bus.addr |
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Pass through the host device identified by bus.addr (Linux only). |
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|
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@item host:vendor_id:product_id |
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Pass through the host device identified by vendor_id:product_id (Linux only). |
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|
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@item serial:[vendorid=@var{vendor_id}][,productid=@var{product_id}]:@var{dev} |
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Serial converter to host character device @var{dev}, see @code{-serial} for the |
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available devices. |
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|
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@item braille |
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Braille device. This will use BrlAPI to display the braille output on a real |
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or fake device. |
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|
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@item net:options |
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Network adapter that supports CDC ethernet and RNDIS protocols. |
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|
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@end table |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("name", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_name, |
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"-name string set the name of the guest\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -name @var{name} |
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Sets the @var{name} of the guest. |
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This name will be displayed in the SDL window caption. |
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The @var{name} will also be used for the VNC server. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("uuid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_uuid, |
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"-uuid %%08x-%%04x-%%04x-%%04x-%%012x\n" |
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" specify machine UUID\n") |
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STEXI |
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@item -uuid @var{uuid} |
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Set system UUID. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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STEXI |
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@end table |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEFHEADING() |
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|
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DEFHEADING(Display options:) |
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|
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STEXI |
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@table @option |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("nographic", 0, QEMU_OPTION_nographic, |
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"-nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console\n") |
398 |
STEXI |
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@item -nographic |
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|
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Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, |
402 |
you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple |
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command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on |
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the console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel |
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with a serial console. |
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ETEXI |
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|
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#ifdef CONFIG_CURSES |
409 |
DEF("curses", 0, QEMU_OPTION_curses, |
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"-curses use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL\n") |
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#endif |
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STEXI |
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@item -curses |
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|
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Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, |
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QEMU can display the VGA output when in text mode using a |
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curses/ncurses interface. Nothing is displayed in graphical mode. |
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ETEXI |
419 |
|
420 |
#ifdef CONFIG_SDL |
421 |
DEF("no-frame", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_frame, |
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"-no-frame open SDL window without a frame and window decorations\n") |
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#endif |
424 |
STEXI |
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@item -no-frame |
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|
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Do not use decorations for SDL windows and start them using the whole |
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available screen space. This makes the using QEMU in a dedicated desktop |
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workspace more convenient. |
430 |
ETEXI |
431 |
|
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#ifdef CONFIG_SDL |
433 |
DEF("alt-grab", 0, QEMU_OPTION_alt_grab, |
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"-alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)\n") |
435 |
#endif |
436 |
STEXI |
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@item -alt-grab |
438 |
|
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Use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt). |
440 |
ETEXI |
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|
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#ifdef CONFIG_SDL |
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DEF("no-quit", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_quit, |
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"-no-quit disable SDL window close capability\n") |
445 |
#endif |
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STEXI |
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@item -no-quit |
448 |
|
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Disable SDL window close capability. |
450 |
ETEXI |
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|
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#ifdef CONFIG_SDL |
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DEF("sdl", 0, QEMU_OPTION_sdl, |
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"-sdl enable SDL\n") |
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#endif |
456 |
STEXI |
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@item -sdl |
458 |
|
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Enable SDL. |
460 |
ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("portrait", 0, QEMU_OPTION_portrait, |
463 |
"-portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)\n") |
464 |
STEXI |
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@item -portrait |
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|
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Rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD). |
468 |
ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("vga", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vga, |
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"-vga [std|cirrus|vmware|xenfb|none]\n" |
472 |
" select video card type\n") |
473 |
STEXI |
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@item -vga @var{type} |
475 |
Select type of VGA card to emulate. Valid values for @var{type} are |
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@table @code |
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@item cirrus |
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Cirrus Logic GD5446 Video card. All Windows versions starting from |
479 |
Windows 95 should recognize and use this graphic card. For optimal |
480 |
performances, use 16 bit color depth in the guest and the host OS. |
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(This one is the default) |
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@item std |
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Standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions. If your guest OS |
484 |
supports the VESA 2.0 VBE extensions (e.g. Windows XP) and if you want |
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to use high resolution modes (>= 1280x1024x16) then you should use |
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this option. |
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@item vmware |
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VMWare SVGA-II compatible adapter. Use it if you have sufficiently |
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recent XFree86/XOrg server or Windows guest with a driver for this |
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card. |
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@item none |
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Disable VGA card. |
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@end table |
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ETEXI |
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|
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DEF("full-screen", 0, QEMU_OPTION_full_screen, |
497 |
"-full-screen start in full screen\n") |
498 |
STEXI |
499 |
@item -full-screen |
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Start in full screen. |
501 |
ETEXI |
502 |
|
503 |
#if defined(TARGET_PPC) || defined(TARGET_SPARC) |
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DEF("g", 1, QEMU_OPTION_g , |
505 |
"-g WxH[xDEPTH] Set the initial graphical resolution and depth\n") |
506 |
#endif |
507 |
STEXI |
508 |
ETEXI |
509 |
|
510 |
DEF("vnc", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_vnc , |
511 |
"-vnc display start a VNC server on display\n") |
512 |
STEXI |
513 |
@item -vnc @var{display}[,@var{option}[,@var{option}[,...]]] |
514 |
|
515 |
Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, |
516 |
you can have QEMU listen on VNC display @var{display} and redirect the VGA |
517 |
display over the VNC session. It is very useful to enable the usb |
518 |
tablet device when using this option (option @option{-usbdevice |
519 |
tablet}). When using the VNC display, you must use the @option{-k} |
520 |
parameter to set the keyboard layout if you are not using en-us. Valid |
521 |
syntax for the @var{display} is |
522 |
|
523 |
@table @code |
524 |
|
525 |
@item @var{host}:@var{d} |
526 |
|
527 |
TCP connections will only be allowed from @var{host} on display @var{d}. |
528 |
By convention the TCP port is 5900+@var{d}. Optionally, @var{host} can |
529 |
be omitted in which case the server will accept connections from any host. |
530 |
|
531 |
@item @code{unix}:@var{path} |
532 |
|
533 |
Connections will be allowed over UNIX domain sockets where @var{path} is the |
534 |
location of a unix socket to listen for connections on. |
535 |
|
536 |
@item none |
537 |
|
538 |
VNC is initialized but not started. The monitor @code{change} command |
539 |
can be used to later start the VNC server. |
540 |
|
541 |
@end table |
542 |
|
543 |
Following the @var{display} value there may be one or more @var{option} flags |
544 |
separated by commas. Valid options are |
545 |
|
546 |
@table @code |
547 |
|
548 |
@item reverse |
549 |
|
550 |
Connect to a listening VNC client via a ``reverse'' connection. The |
551 |
client is specified by the @var{display}. For reverse network |
552 |
connections (@var{host}:@var{d},@code{reverse}), the @var{d} argument |
553 |
is a TCP port number, not a display number. |
554 |
|
555 |
@item password |
556 |
|
557 |
Require that password based authentication is used for client connections. |
558 |
The password must be set separately using the @code{change} command in the |
559 |
@ref{pcsys_monitor} |
560 |
|
561 |
@item tls |
562 |
|
563 |
Require that client use TLS when communicating with the VNC server. This |
564 |
uses anonymous TLS credentials so is susceptible to a man-in-the-middle |
565 |
attack. It is recommended that this option be combined with either the |
566 |
@var{x509} or @var{x509verify} options. |
567 |
|
568 |
@item x509=@var{/path/to/certificate/dir} |
569 |
|
570 |
Valid if @option{tls} is specified. Require that x509 credentials are used |
571 |
for negotiating the TLS session. The server will send its x509 certificate |
572 |
to the client. It is recommended that a password be set on the VNC server |
573 |
to provide authentication of the client when this is used. The path following |
574 |
this option specifies where the x509 certificates are to be loaded from. |
575 |
See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on generating certificates. |
576 |
|
577 |
@item x509verify=@var{/path/to/certificate/dir} |
578 |
|
579 |
Valid if @option{tls} is specified. Require that x509 credentials are used |
580 |
for negotiating the TLS session. The server will send its x509 certificate |
581 |
to the client, and request that the client send its own x509 certificate. |
582 |
The server will validate the client's certificate against the CA certificate, |
583 |
and reject clients when validation fails. If the certificate authority is |
584 |
trusted, this is a sufficient authentication mechanism. You may still wish |
585 |
to set a password on the VNC server as a second authentication layer. The |
586 |
path following this option specifies where the x509 certificates are to |
587 |
be loaded from. See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on generating |
588 |
certificates. |
589 |
|
590 |
@item sasl |
591 |
|
592 |
Require that the client use SASL to authenticate with the VNC server. |
593 |
The exact choice of authentication method used is controlled from the |
594 |
system / user's SASL configuration file for the 'qemu' service. This |
595 |
is typically found in /etc/sasl2/qemu.conf. If running QEMU as an |
596 |
unprivileged user, an environment variable SASL_CONF_PATH can be used |
597 |
to make it search alternate locations for the service config. |
598 |
While some SASL auth methods can also provide data encryption (eg GSSAPI), |
599 |
it is recommended that SASL always be combined with the 'tls' and |
600 |
'x509' settings to enable use of SSL and server certificates. This |
601 |
ensures a data encryption preventing compromise of authentication |
602 |
credentials. See the @ref{vnc_security} section for details on using |
603 |
SASL authentication. |
604 |
|
605 |
@item acl |
606 |
|
607 |
Turn on access control lists for checking of the x509 client certificate |
608 |
and SASL party. For x509 certs, the ACL check is made against the |
609 |
certificate's distinguished name. This is something that looks like |
610 |
@code{C=GB,O=ACME,L=Boston,CN=bob}. For SASL party, the ACL check is |
611 |
made against the username, which depending on the SASL plugin, may |
612 |
include a realm component, eg @code{bob} or @code{bob@@EXAMPLE.COM}. |
613 |
When the @option{acl} flag is set, the initial access list will be |
614 |
empty, with a @code{deny} policy. Thus no one will be allowed to |
615 |
use the VNC server until the ACLs have been loaded. This can be |
616 |
achieved using the @code{acl} monitor command. |
617 |
|
618 |
@end table |
619 |
ETEXI |
620 |
|
621 |
STEXI |
622 |
@end table |
623 |
ETEXI |
624 |
|
625 |
DEFHEADING() |
626 |
|
627 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
628 |
DEFHEADING(i386 target only:) |
629 |
#endif |
630 |
STEXI |
631 |
@table @option |
632 |
ETEXI |
633 |
|
634 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
635 |
DEF("win2k-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_win2k_hack, |
636 |
"-win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug\n") |
637 |
#endif |
638 |
STEXI |
639 |
@item -win2k-hack |
640 |
Use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug. After |
641 |
Windows 2000 is installed, you no longer need this option (this option |
642 |
slows down the IDE transfers). |
643 |
ETEXI |
644 |
|
645 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
646 |
DEF("rtc-td-hack", 0, QEMU_OPTION_rtc_td_hack, |
647 |
"-rtc-td-hack use it to fix time drift in Windows ACPI HAL\n") |
648 |
#endif |
649 |
STEXI |
650 |
@item -rtc-td-hack |
651 |
Use it if you experience time drift problem in Windows with ACPI HAL. |
652 |
This option will try to figure out how many timer interrupts were not |
653 |
processed by the Windows guest and will re-inject them. |
654 |
ETEXI |
655 |
|
656 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
657 |
DEF("no-fd-bootchk", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_fd_bootchk, |
658 |
"-no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks\n") |
659 |
#endif |
660 |
STEXI |
661 |
@item -no-fd-bootchk |
662 |
Disable boot signature checking for floppy disks in Bochs BIOS. It may |
663 |
be needed to boot from old floppy disks. |
664 |
ETEXI |
665 |
|
666 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
667 |
DEF("no-acpi", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_acpi, |
668 |
"-no-acpi disable ACPI\n") |
669 |
#endif |
670 |
STEXI |
671 |
@item -no-acpi |
672 |
Disable ACPI (Advanced Configuration and Power Interface) support. Use |
673 |
it if your guest OS complains about ACPI problems (PC target machine |
674 |
only). |
675 |
ETEXI |
676 |
|
677 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
678 |
DEF("no-hpet", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_hpet, |
679 |
"-no-hpet disable HPET\n") |
680 |
#endif |
681 |
STEXI |
682 |
@item -no-hpet |
683 |
Disable HPET support. |
684 |
ETEXI |
685 |
|
686 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
687 |
DEF("no-virtio-balloon", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_virtio_balloon, |
688 |
"-no-virtio-balloon disable virtio balloon device\n") |
689 |
#endif |
690 |
STEXI |
691 |
@item -no-virtio-balloon |
692 |
Disable virtio-balloon device. |
693 |
ETEXI |
694 |
|
695 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
696 |
DEF("acpitable", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_acpitable, |
697 |
"-acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,data=file1[:file2]...]\n" |
698 |
" ACPI table description\n") |
699 |
#endif |
700 |
STEXI |
701 |
@item -acpitable [sig=@var{str}][,rev=@var{n}][,oem_id=@var{str}][,oem_table_id=@var{str}][,oem_rev=@var{n}] [,asl_compiler_id=@var{str}][,asl_compiler_rev=@var{n}][,data=@var{file1}[:@var{file2}]...] |
702 |
Add ACPI table with specified header fields and context from specified files. |
703 |
ETEXI |
704 |
|
705 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
706 |
DEF("smbios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smbios, |
707 |
"-smbios file=binary\n" |
708 |
" Load SMBIOS entry from binary file\n" |
709 |
"-smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%%d.%%d]\n" |
710 |
" Specify SMBIOS type 0 fields\n" |
711 |
"-smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]\n" |
712 |
" [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]\n" |
713 |
" Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields\n") |
714 |
#endif |
715 |
STEXI |
716 |
@item -smbios file=@var{binary} |
717 |
Load SMBIOS entry from binary file. |
718 |
|
719 |
@item -smbios type=0[,vendor=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,date=@var{str}][,release=@var{%d.%d}] |
720 |
Specify SMBIOS type 0 fields |
721 |
|
722 |
@item -smbios type=1[,manufacturer=@var{str}][,product=@var{str}][,version=@var{str}][,serial=@var{str}][,uuid=@var{uuid}][,sku=@var{str}][,family=@var{str}] |
723 |
Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields |
724 |
ETEXI |
725 |
|
726 |
#ifdef TARGET_I386 |
727 |
DEFHEADING() |
728 |
#endif |
729 |
STEXI |
730 |
@end table |
731 |
ETEXI |
732 |
|
733 |
DEFHEADING(Network options:) |
734 |
STEXI |
735 |
@table @option |
736 |
ETEXI |
737 |
|
738 |
DEF("net", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_net, |
739 |
"-net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str]\n" |
740 |
" create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'\n" |
741 |
#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP |
742 |
"-net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,hostname=host]\n" |
743 |
" connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n' and send\n" |
744 |
" hostname 'host' to DHCP clients\n" |
745 |
#endif |
746 |
#ifdef _WIN32 |
747 |
"-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str],ifname=name\n" |
748 |
" connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n'\n" |
749 |
#else |
750 |
"-net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile]\n" |
751 |
" connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the\n" |
752 |
" network scripts 'file' (default=%s)\n" |
753 |
" and 'dfile' (default=%s);\n" |
754 |
" use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution;\n" |
755 |
" use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface\n" |
756 |
#endif |
757 |
"-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]\n" |
758 |
" connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection\n" |
759 |
"-net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port]\n" |
760 |
" connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port\n" |
761 |
#ifdef CONFIG_VDE |
762 |
"-net vde[,vlan=n][,name=str][,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode]\n" |
763 |
" connect the vlan 'n' to port 'n' of a vde switch running\n" |
764 |
" on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'.\n" |
765 |
" Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default\n" |
766 |
" ownership and permissions for communication port.\n" |
767 |
#endif |
768 |
"-net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]\n" |
769 |
" dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)\n" |
770 |
"-net none use it alone to have zero network devices; if no -net option\n" |
771 |
" is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'\n") |
772 |
STEXI |
773 |
@item -net nic[,vlan=@var{n}][,macaddr=@var{mac}][,model=@var{type}][,name=@var{name}][,addr=@var{addr}] |
774 |
Create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN @var{n} (@var{n} |
775 |
= 0 is the default). The NIC is an ne2k_pci by default on the PC |
776 |
target. Optionally, the MAC address can be changed to @var{mac}, the |
777 |
device address set to @var{addr} (PCI cards only), |
778 |
and a @var{name} can be assigned for use in monitor commands. If no |
779 |
@option{-net} option is specified, a single NIC is created. |
780 |
Qemu can emulate several different models of network card. |
781 |
Valid values for @var{type} are |
782 |
@code{i82551}, @code{i82557b}, @code{i82559er}, |
783 |
@code{ne2k_pci}, @code{ne2k_isa}, @code{pcnet}, @code{rtl8139}, |
784 |
@code{e1000}, @code{smc91c111}, @code{lance} and @code{mcf_fec}. |
785 |
Not all devices are supported on all targets. Use -net nic,model=? |
786 |
for a list of available devices for your target. |
787 |
|
788 |
@item -net user[,vlan=@var{n}][,hostname=@var{name}][,name=@var{name}] |
789 |
Use the user mode network stack which requires no administrator |
790 |
privilege to run. @option{hostname=name} can be used to specify the client |
791 |
hostname reported by the builtin DHCP server. |
792 |
|
793 |
@item -net channel,@var{port}:@var{dev} |
794 |
Forward @option{user} TCP connection to port @var{port} to character device @var{dev} |
795 |
|
796 |
@item -net tap[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}][,ifname=@var{name}][,script=@var{file}][,downscript=@var{dfile}] |
797 |
Connect the host TAP network interface @var{name} to VLAN @var{n}, use |
798 |
the network script @var{file} to configure it and the network script |
799 |
@var{dfile} to deconfigure it. If @var{name} is not provided, the OS |
800 |
automatically provides one. @option{fd}=@var{h} can be used to specify |
801 |
the handle of an already opened host TAP interface. The default network |
802 |
configure script is @file{/etc/qemu-ifup} and the default network |
803 |
deconfigure script is @file{/etc/qemu-ifdown}. Use @option{script=no} |
804 |
or @option{downscript=no} to disable script execution. Example: |
805 |
|
806 |
@example |
807 |
qemu linux.img -net nic -net tap |
808 |
@end example |
809 |
|
810 |
More complicated example (two NICs, each one connected to a TAP device) |
811 |
@example |
812 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,vlan=0 -net tap,vlan=0,ifname=tap0 \ |
813 |
-net nic,vlan=1 -net tap,vlan=1,ifname=tap1 |
814 |
@end example |
815 |
|
816 |
@item -net socket[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}][,listen=[@var{host}]:@var{port}][,connect=@var{host}:@var{port}] |
817 |
|
818 |
Connect the VLAN @var{n} to a remote VLAN in another QEMU virtual |
819 |
machine using a TCP socket connection. If @option{listen} is |
820 |
specified, QEMU waits for incoming connections on @var{port} |
821 |
(@var{host} is optional). @option{connect} is used to connect to |
822 |
another QEMU instance using the @option{listen} option. @option{fd}=@var{h} |
823 |
specifies an already opened TCP socket. |
824 |
|
825 |
Example: |
826 |
@example |
827 |
# launch a first QEMU instance |
828 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ |
829 |
-net socket,listen=:1234 |
830 |
# connect the VLAN 0 of this instance to the VLAN 0 |
831 |
# of the first instance |
832 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:57 \ |
833 |
-net socket,connect=127.0.0.1:1234 |
834 |
@end example |
835 |
|
836 |
@item -net socket[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,fd=@var{h}][,mcast=@var{maddr}:@var{port}] |
837 |
|
838 |
Create a VLAN @var{n} shared with another QEMU virtual |
839 |
machines using a UDP multicast socket, effectively making a bus for |
840 |
every QEMU with same multicast address @var{maddr} and @var{port}. |
841 |
NOTES: |
842 |
@enumerate |
843 |
@item |
844 |
Several QEMU can be running on different hosts and share same bus (assuming |
845 |
correct multicast setup for these hosts). |
846 |
@item |
847 |
mcast support is compatible with User Mode Linux (argument @option{eth@var{N}=mcast}), see |
848 |
@url{http://user-mode-linux.sf.net}. |
849 |
@item |
850 |
Use @option{fd=h} to specify an already opened UDP multicast socket. |
851 |
@end enumerate |
852 |
|
853 |
Example: |
854 |
@example |
855 |
# launch one QEMU instance |
856 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ |
857 |
-net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 |
858 |
# launch another QEMU instance on same "bus" |
859 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:57 \ |
860 |
-net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 |
861 |
# launch yet another QEMU instance on same "bus" |
862 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:58 \ |
863 |
-net socket,mcast=230.0.0.1:1234 |
864 |
@end example |
865 |
|
866 |
Example (User Mode Linux compat.): |
867 |
@example |
868 |
# launch QEMU instance (note mcast address selected |
869 |
# is UML's default) |
870 |
qemu linux.img -net nic,macaddr=52:54:00:12:34:56 \ |
871 |
-net socket,mcast=239.192.168.1:1102 |
872 |
# launch UML |
873 |
/path/to/linux ubd0=/path/to/root_fs eth0=mcast |
874 |
@end example |
875 |
|
876 |
@item -net vde[,vlan=@var{n}][,name=@var{name}][,sock=@var{socketpath}][,port=@var{n}][,group=@var{groupname}][,mode=@var{octalmode}] |
877 |
Connect VLAN @var{n} to PORT @var{n} of a vde switch running on host and |
878 |
listening for incoming connections on @var{socketpath}. Use GROUP @var{groupname} |
879 |
and MODE @var{octalmode} to change default ownership and permissions for |
880 |
communication port. This option is available only if QEMU has been compiled |
881 |
with vde support enabled. |
882 |
|
883 |
Example: |
884 |
@example |
885 |
# launch vde switch |
886 |
vde_switch -F -sock /tmp/myswitch |
887 |
# launch QEMU instance |
888 |
qemu linux.img -net nic -net vde,sock=/tmp/myswitch |
889 |
@end example |
890 |
|
891 |
@item -net dump[,vlan=@var{n}][,file=@var{file}][,len=@var{len}] |
892 |
Dump network traffic on VLAN @var{n} to file @var{file} (@file{qemu-vlan0.pcap} by default). |
893 |
At most @var{len} bytes (64k by default) per packet are stored. The file format is |
894 |
libpcap, so it can be analyzed with tools such as tcpdump or Wireshark. |
895 |
|
896 |
@item -net none |
897 |
Indicate that no network devices should be configured. It is used to |
898 |
override the default configuration (@option{-net nic -net user}) which |
899 |
is activated if no @option{-net} options are provided. |
900 |
ETEXI |
901 |
|
902 |
#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP |
903 |
DEF("tftp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tftp, \ |
904 |
"-tftp dir allow tftp access to files in dir [-net user]\n") |
905 |
#endif |
906 |
STEXI |
907 |
@item -tftp @var{dir} |
908 |
When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP |
909 |
server. The files in @var{dir} will be exposed as the root of a TFTP server. |
910 |
The TFTP client on the guest must be configured in binary mode (use the command |
911 |
@code{bin} of the Unix TFTP client). The host IP address on the guest is as |
912 |
usual 10.0.2.2. |
913 |
ETEXI |
914 |
|
915 |
#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP |
916 |
DEF("bootp", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bootp, \ |
917 |
"-bootp file advertise file in BOOTP replies\n") |
918 |
#endif |
919 |
STEXI |
920 |
@item -bootp @var{file} |
921 |
When using the user mode network stack, broadcast @var{file} as the BOOTP |
922 |
filename. In conjunction with @option{-tftp}, this can be used to network boot |
923 |
a guest from a local directory. |
924 |
|
925 |
Example (using pxelinux): |
926 |
@example |
927 |
qemu -hda linux.img -boot n -tftp /path/to/tftp/files -bootp /pxelinux.0 |
928 |
@end example |
929 |
ETEXI |
930 |
|
931 |
#ifndef _WIN32 |
932 |
DEF("smb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_smb, \ |
933 |
"-smb dir allow SMB access to files in 'dir' [-net user]\n") |
934 |
#endif |
935 |
STEXI |
936 |
@item -smb @var{dir} |
937 |
When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB |
938 |
server so that Windows OSes can access to the host files in @file{@var{dir}} |
939 |
transparently. |
940 |
|
941 |
In the guest Windows OS, the line: |
942 |
@example |
943 |
10.0.2.4 smbserver |
944 |
@end example |
945 |
must be added in the file @file{C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS} (for windows 9x/Me) |
946 |
or @file{C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS} (Windows NT/2000). |
947 |
|
948 |
Then @file{@var{dir}} can be accessed in @file{\\smbserver\qemu}. |
949 |
|
950 |
Note that a SAMBA server must be installed on the host OS in |
951 |
@file{/usr/sbin/smbd}. QEMU was tested successfully with smbd version |
952 |
2.2.7a from the Red Hat 9 and version 3.0.10-1.fc3 from Fedora Core 3. |
953 |
ETEXI |
954 |
|
955 |
#ifdef CONFIG_SLIRP |
956 |
DEF("redir", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_redir, \ |
957 |
"-redir [tcp|udp]:host-port:[guest-host]:guest-port\n" \ |
958 |
" redirect TCP or UDP connections from host to guest [-net user]\n") |
959 |
#endif |
960 |
STEXI |
961 |
@item -redir [tcp|udp]:@var{host-port}:[@var{guest-host}]:@var{guest-port} |
962 |
|
963 |
When using the user mode network stack, redirect incoming TCP or UDP |
964 |
connections to the host port @var{host-port} to the guest |
965 |
@var{guest-host} on guest port @var{guest-port}. If @var{guest-host} |
966 |
is not specified, its value is 10.0.2.15 (default address given by the |
967 |
built-in DHCP server). If no connection type is specified, TCP is used. |
968 |
|
969 |
For example, to redirect host X11 connection from screen 1 to guest |
970 |
screen 0, use the following: |
971 |
|
972 |
@example |
973 |
# on the host |
974 |
qemu -redir tcp:6001::6000 [...] |
975 |
# this host xterm should open in the guest X11 server |
976 |
xterm -display :1 |
977 |
@end example |
978 |
|
979 |
To redirect telnet connections from host port 5555 to telnet port on |
980 |
the guest, use the following: |
981 |
|
982 |
@example |
983 |
# on the host |
984 |
qemu -redir tcp:5555::23 [...] |
985 |
telnet localhost 5555 |
986 |
@end example |
987 |
|
988 |
Then when you use on the host @code{telnet localhost 5555}, you |
989 |
connect to the guest telnet server. |
990 |
|
991 |
@end table |
992 |
ETEXI |
993 |
|
994 |
DEF("bt", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bt, \ |
995 |
"\n" \ |
996 |
"-bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands\n" \ |
997 |
"-bt hci,host[:id]\n" \ |
998 |
" use host's HCI with the given name\n" \ |
999 |
"-bt hci[,vlan=n]\n" \ |
1000 |
" emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'\n" \ |
1001 |
"-bt vhci[,vlan=n]\n" \ |
1002 |
" add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI\n" \ |
1003 |
"-bt device:dev[,vlan=n]\n" \ |
1004 |
" emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'\n") |
1005 |
STEXI |
1006 |
Bluetooth(R) options: |
1007 |
@table @option |
1008 |
|
1009 |
@item -bt hci[...] |
1010 |
Defines the function of the corresponding Bluetooth HCI. -bt options |
1011 |
are matched with the HCIs present in the chosen machine type. For |
1012 |
example when emulating a machine with only one HCI built into it, only |
1013 |
the first @code{-bt hci[...]} option is valid and defines the HCI's |
1014 |
logic. The Transport Layer is decided by the machine type. Currently |
1015 |
the machines @code{n800} and @code{n810} have one HCI and all other |
1016 |
machines have none. |
1017 |
|
1018 |
@anchor{bt-hcis} |
1019 |
The following three types are recognized: |
1020 |
|
1021 |
@table @code |
1022 |
@item -bt hci,null |
1023 |
(default) The corresponding Bluetooth HCI assumes no internal logic |
1024 |
and will not respond to any HCI commands or emit events. |
1025 |
|
1026 |
@item -bt hci,host[:@var{id}] |
1027 |
(@code{bluez} only) The corresponding HCI passes commands / events |
1028 |
to / from the physical HCI identified by the name @var{id} (default: |
1029 |
@code{hci0}) on the computer running QEMU. Only available on @code{bluez} |
1030 |
capable systems like Linux. |
1031 |
|
1032 |
@item -bt hci[,vlan=@var{n}] |
1033 |
Add a virtual, standard HCI that will participate in the Bluetooth |
1034 |
scatternet @var{n} (default @code{0}). Similarly to @option{-net} |
1035 |
VLANs, devices inside a bluetooth network @var{n} can only communicate |
1036 |
with other devices in the same network (scatternet). |
1037 |
@end table |
1038 |
|
1039 |
@item -bt vhci[,vlan=@var{n}] |
1040 |
(Linux-host only) Create a HCI in scatternet @var{n} (default 0) attached |
1041 |
to the host bluetooth stack instead of to the emulated target. This |
1042 |
allows the host and target machines to participate in a common scatternet |
1043 |
and communicate. Requires the Linux @code{vhci} driver installed. Can |
1044 |
be used as following: |
1045 |
|
1046 |
@example |
1047 |
qemu [...OPTIONS...] -bt hci,vlan=5 -bt vhci,vlan=5 |
1048 |
@end example |
1049 |
|
1050 |
@item -bt device:@var{dev}[,vlan=@var{n}] |
1051 |
Emulate a bluetooth device @var{dev} and place it in network @var{n} |
1052 |
(default @code{0}). QEMU can only emulate one type of bluetooth devices |
1053 |
currently: |
1054 |
|
1055 |
@table @code |
1056 |
@item keyboard |
1057 |
Virtual wireless keyboard implementing the HIDP bluetooth profile. |
1058 |
@end table |
1059 |
@end table |
1060 |
ETEXI |
1061 |
|
1062 |
DEFHEADING() |
1063 |
|
1064 |
DEFHEADING(Linux boot specific:) |
1065 |
STEXI |
1066 |
When using these options, you can use a given |
1067 |
Linux kernel without installing it in the disk image. It can be useful |
1068 |
for easier testing of various kernels. |
1069 |
|
1070 |
@table @option |
1071 |
ETEXI |
1072 |
|
1073 |
DEF("kernel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_kernel, \ |
1074 |
"-kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image\n") |
1075 |
STEXI |
1076 |
@item -kernel @var{bzImage} |
1077 |
Use @var{bzImage} as kernel image. |
1078 |
ETEXI |
1079 |
|
1080 |
DEF("append", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_append, \ |
1081 |
"-append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line\n") |
1082 |
STEXI |
1083 |
@item -append @var{cmdline} |
1084 |
Use @var{cmdline} as kernel command line |
1085 |
ETEXI |
1086 |
|
1087 |
DEF("initrd", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_initrd, \ |
1088 |
"-initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk\n") |
1089 |
STEXI |
1090 |
@item -initrd @var{file} |
1091 |
Use @var{file} as initial ram disk. |
1092 |
ETEXI |
1093 |
|
1094 |
STEXI |
1095 |
@end table |
1096 |
ETEXI |
1097 |
|
1098 |
DEFHEADING() |
1099 |
|
1100 |
DEFHEADING(Debug/Expert options:) |
1101 |
|
1102 |
STEXI |
1103 |
@table @option |
1104 |
ETEXI |
1105 |
|
1106 |
DEF("serial", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_serial, \ |
1107 |
"-serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'\n") |
1108 |
STEXI |
1109 |
@item -serial @var{dev} |
1110 |
Redirect the virtual serial port to host character device |
1111 |
@var{dev}. The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and |
1112 |
@code{stdio} in non graphical mode. |
1113 |
|
1114 |
This option can be used several times to simulate up to 4 serial |
1115 |
ports. |
1116 |
|
1117 |
Use @code{-serial none} to disable all serial ports. |
1118 |
|
1119 |
Available character devices are: |
1120 |
@table @code |
1121 |
@item vc[:WxH] |
1122 |
Virtual console. Optionally, a width and height can be given in pixel with |
1123 |
@example |
1124 |
vc:800x600 |
1125 |
@end example |
1126 |
It is also possible to specify width or height in characters: |
1127 |
@example |
1128 |
vc:80Cx24C |
1129 |
@end example |
1130 |
@item pty |
1131 |
[Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated) |
1132 |
@item none |
1133 |
No device is allocated. |
1134 |
@item null |
1135 |
void device |
1136 |
@item /dev/XXX |
1137 |
[Linux only] Use host tty, e.g. @file{/dev/ttyS0}. The host serial port |
1138 |
parameters are set according to the emulated ones. |
1139 |
@item /dev/parport@var{N} |
1140 |
[Linux only, parallel port only] Use host parallel port |
1141 |
@var{N}. Currently SPP and EPP parallel port features can be used. |
1142 |
@item file:@var{filename} |
1143 |
Write output to @var{filename}. No character can be read. |
1144 |
@item stdio |
1145 |
[Unix only] standard input/output |
1146 |
@item pipe:@var{filename} |
1147 |
name pipe @var{filename} |
1148 |
@item COM@var{n} |
1149 |
[Windows only] Use host serial port @var{n} |
1150 |
@item udp:[@var{remote_host}]:@var{remote_port}[@@[@var{src_ip}]:@var{src_port}] |
1151 |
This implements UDP Net Console. |
1152 |
When @var{remote_host} or @var{src_ip} are not specified |
1153 |
they default to @code{0.0.0.0}. |
1154 |
When not using a specified @var{src_port} a random port is automatically chosen. |
1155 |
@item msmouse |
1156 |
Three button serial mouse. Configure the guest to use Microsoft protocol. |
1157 |
|
1158 |
If you just want a simple readonly console you can use @code{netcat} or |
1159 |
@code{nc}, by starting qemu with: @code{-serial udp::4555} and nc as: |
1160 |
@code{nc -u -l -p 4555}. Any time qemu writes something to that port it |
1161 |
will appear in the netconsole session. |
1162 |
|
1163 |
If you plan to send characters back via netconsole or you want to stop |
1164 |
and start qemu a lot of times, you should have qemu use the same |
1165 |
source port each time by using something like @code{-serial |
1166 |
udp::4555@@:4556} to qemu. Another approach is to use a patched |
1167 |
version of netcat which can listen to a TCP port and send and receive |
1168 |
characters via udp. If you have a patched version of netcat which |
1169 |
activates telnet remote echo and single char transfer, then you can |
1170 |
use the following options to step up a netcat redirector to allow |
1171 |
telnet on port 5555 to access the qemu port. |
1172 |
@table @code |
1173 |
@item Qemu Options: |
1174 |
-serial udp::4555@@:4556 |
1175 |
@item netcat options: |
1176 |
-u -P 4555 -L 0.0.0.0:4556 -t -p 5555 -I -T |
1177 |
@item telnet options: |
1178 |
localhost 5555 |
1179 |
@end table |
1180 |
|
1181 |
@item tcp:[@var{host}]:@var{port}[,@var{server}][,nowait][,nodelay] |
1182 |
The TCP Net Console has two modes of operation. It can send the serial |
1183 |
I/O to a location or wait for a connection from a location. By default |
1184 |
the TCP Net Console is sent to @var{host} at the @var{port}. If you use |
1185 |
the @var{server} option QEMU will wait for a client socket application |
1186 |
to connect to the port before continuing, unless the @code{nowait} |
1187 |
option was specified. The @code{nodelay} option disables the Nagle buffering |
1188 |
algorithm. If @var{host} is omitted, 0.0.0.0 is assumed. Only |
1189 |
one TCP connection at a time is accepted. You can use @code{telnet} to |
1190 |
connect to the corresponding character device. |
1191 |
@table @code |
1192 |
@item Example to send tcp console to 192.168.0.2 port 4444 |
1193 |
-serial tcp:192.168.0.2:4444 |
1194 |
@item Example to listen and wait on port 4444 for connection |
1195 |
-serial tcp::4444,server |
1196 |
@item Example to not wait and listen on ip 192.168.0.100 port 4444 |
1197 |
-serial tcp:192.168.0.100:4444,server,nowait |
1198 |
@end table |
1199 |
|
1200 |
@item telnet:@var{host}:@var{port}[,server][,nowait][,nodelay] |
1201 |
The telnet protocol is used instead of raw tcp sockets. The options |
1202 |
work the same as if you had specified @code{-serial tcp}. The |
1203 |
difference is that the port acts like a telnet server or client using |
1204 |
telnet option negotiation. This will also allow you to send the |
1205 |
MAGIC_SYSRQ sequence if you use a telnet that supports sending the break |
1206 |
sequence. Typically in unix telnet you do it with Control-] and then |
1207 |
type "send break" followed by pressing the enter key. |
1208 |
|
1209 |
@item unix:@var{path}[,server][,nowait] |
1210 |
A unix domain socket is used instead of a tcp socket. The option works the |
1211 |
same as if you had specified @code{-serial tcp} except the unix domain socket |
1212 |
@var{path} is used for connections. |
1213 |
|
1214 |
@item mon:@var{dev_string} |
1215 |
This is a special option to allow the monitor to be multiplexed onto |
1216 |
another serial port. The monitor is accessed with key sequence of |
1217 |
@key{Control-a} and then pressing @key{c}. See monitor access |
1218 |
@ref{pcsys_keys} in the -nographic section for more keys. |
1219 |
@var{dev_string} should be any one of the serial devices specified |
1220 |
above. An example to multiplex the monitor onto a telnet server |
1221 |
listening on port 4444 would be: |
1222 |
@table @code |
1223 |
@item -serial mon:telnet::4444,server,nowait |
1224 |
@end table |
1225 |
|
1226 |
@item braille |
1227 |
Braille device. This will use BrlAPI to display the braille output on a real |
1228 |
or fake device. |
1229 |
|
1230 |
@end table |
1231 |
ETEXI |
1232 |
|
1233 |
DEF("parallel", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_parallel, \ |
1234 |
"-parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'\n") |
1235 |
STEXI |
1236 |
@item -parallel @var{dev} |
1237 |
Redirect the virtual parallel port to host device @var{dev} (same |
1238 |
devices as the serial port). On Linux hosts, @file{/dev/parportN} can |
1239 |
be used to use hardware devices connected on the corresponding host |
1240 |
parallel port. |
1241 |
|
1242 |
This option can be used several times to simulate up to 3 parallel |
1243 |
ports. |
1244 |
|
1245 |
Use @code{-parallel none} to disable all parallel ports. |
1246 |
ETEXI |
1247 |
|
1248 |
DEF("monitor", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_monitor, \ |
1249 |
"-monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'\n") |
1250 |
STEXI |
1251 |
@item -monitor @var{dev} |
1252 |
Redirect the monitor to host device @var{dev} (same devices as the |
1253 |
serial port). |
1254 |
The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in |
1255 |
non graphical mode. |
1256 |
ETEXI |
1257 |
|
1258 |
DEF("pidfile", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_pidfile, \ |
1259 |
"-pidfile file write PID to 'file'\n") |
1260 |
STEXI |
1261 |
@item -pidfile @var{file} |
1262 |
Store the QEMU process PID in @var{file}. It is useful if you launch QEMU |
1263 |
from a script. |
1264 |
ETEXI |
1265 |
|
1266 |
DEF("singlestep", 0, QEMU_OPTION_singlestep, \ |
1267 |
"-singlestep always run in singlestep mode\n") |
1268 |
STEXI |
1269 |
@item -singlestep |
1270 |
Run the emulation in single step mode. |
1271 |
ETEXI |
1272 |
|
1273 |
DEF("S", 0, QEMU_OPTION_S, \ |
1274 |
"-S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)\n") |
1275 |
STEXI |
1276 |
@item -S |
1277 |
Do not start CPU at startup (you must type 'c' in the monitor). |
1278 |
ETEXI |
1279 |
|
1280 |
DEF("gdb", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_gdb, \ |
1281 |
"-gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'\n") |
1282 |
STEXI |
1283 |
@item -gdb @var{dev} |
1284 |
Wait for gdb connection on device @var{dev} (@pxref{gdb_usage}). Typical |
1285 |
connections will likely be TCP-based, but also UDP, pseudo TTY, or even |
1286 |
stdio are reasonable use case. The latter is allowing to start qemu from |
1287 |
within gdb and establish the connection via a pipe: |
1288 |
@example |
1289 |
(gdb) target remote | exec qemu -gdb stdio ... |
1290 |
@end example |
1291 |
ETEXI |
1292 |
|
1293 |
DEF("s", 0, QEMU_OPTION_s, \ |
1294 |
"-s shorthand for -gdb tcp::%s\n") |
1295 |
STEXI |
1296 |
@item -s |
1297 |
Shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234, i.e. open a gdbserver on TCP port 1234 |
1298 |
(@pxref{gdb_usage}). |
1299 |
ETEXI |
1300 |
|
1301 |
DEF("d", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_d, \ |
1302 |
"-d item1,... output log to %s (use -d ? for a list of log items)\n") |
1303 |
STEXI |
1304 |
@item -d |
1305 |
Output log in /tmp/qemu.log |
1306 |
ETEXI |
1307 |
|
1308 |
DEF("hdachs", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_hdachs, \ |
1309 |
"-hdachs c,h,s[,t]\n" \ |
1310 |
" force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS\n" \ |
1311 |
" translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)\n") |
1312 |
STEXI |
1313 |
@item -hdachs @var{c},@var{h},@var{s},[,@var{t}] |
1314 |
Force hard disk 0 physical geometry (1 <= @var{c} <= 16383, 1 <= |
1315 |
@var{h} <= 16, 1 <= @var{s} <= 63) and optionally force the BIOS |
1316 |
translation mode (@var{t}=none, lba or auto). Usually QEMU can guess |
1317 |
all those parameters. This option is useful for old MS-DOS disk |
1318 |
images. |
1319 |
ETEXI |
1320 |
|
1321 |
DEF("L", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_L, \ |
1322 |
"-L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps\n") |
1323 |
STEXI |
1324 |
@item -L @var{path} |
1325 |
Set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps. |
1326 |
ETEXI |
1327 |
|
1328 |
DEF("bios", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_bios, \ |
1329 |
"-bios file set the filename for the BIOS\n") |
1330 |
STEXI |
1331 |
@item -bios @var{file} |
1332 |
Set the filename for the BIOS. |
1333 |
ETEXI |
1334 |
|
1335 |
#ifdef CONFIG_KQEMU |
1336 |
DEF("kernel-kqemu", 0, QEMU_OPTION_kernel_kqemu, \ |
1337 |
"-kernel-kqemu enable KQEMU full virtualization (default is user mode only)\n") |
1338 |
#endif |
1339 |
STEXI |
1340 |
@item -kernel-kqemu |
1341 |
Enable KQEMU full virtualization (default is user mode only). |
1342 |
ETEXI |
1343 |
|
1344 |
#ifdef CONFIG_KQEMU |
1345 |
DEF("no-kqemu", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_kqemu, \ |
1346 |
"-no-kqemu disable KQEMU kernel module usage\n") |
1347 |
#endif |
1348 |
STEXI |
1349 |
@item -no-kqemu |
1350 |
Disable KQEMU kernel module usage. KQEMU options are only available if |
1351 |
KQEMU support is enabled when compiling. |
1352 |
ETEXI |
1353 |
|
1354 |
#ifdef CONFIG_KVM |
1355 |
DEF("enable-kvm", 0, QEMU_OPTION_enable_kvm, \ |
1356 |
"-enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support\n") |
1357 |
#endif |
1358 |
STEXI |
1359 |
@item -enable-kvm |
1360 |
Enable KVM full virtualization support. This option is only available |
1361 |
if KVM support is enabled when compiling. |
1362 |
ETEXI |
1363 |
|
1364 |
#ifdef CONFIG_XEN |
1365 |
DEF("xen-domid", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_xen_domid, |
1366 |
"-xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id\n") |
1367 |
DEF("xen-create", 0, QEMU_OPTION_xen_create, |
1368 |
"-xen-create create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend\n" |
1369 |
" warning: should not be used when xend is in use\n") |
1370 |
DEF("xen-attach", 0, QEMU_OPTION_xen_attach, |
1371 |
"-xen-attach attach to existing xen domain\n" |
1372 |
" xend will use this when starting qemu\n") |
1373 |
#endif |
1374 |
|
1375 |
DEF("no-reboot", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_reboot, \ |
1376 |
"-no-reboot exit instead of rebooting\n") |
1377 |
STEXI |
1378 |
@item -no-reboot |
1379 |
Exit instead of rebooting. |
1380 |
ETEXI |
1381 |
|
1382 |
DEF("no-shutdown", 0, QEMU_OPTION_no_shutdown, \ |
1383 |
"-no-shutdown stop before shutdown\n") |
1384 |
STEXI |
1385 |
@item -no-shutdown |
1386 |
Don't exit QEMU on guest shutdown, but instead only stop the emulation. |
1387 |
This allows for instance switching to monitor to commit changes to the |
1388 |
disk image. |
1389 |
ETEXI |
1390 |
|
1391 |
DEF("loadvm", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_loadvm, \ |
1392 |
"-loadvm [tag|id]\n" \ |
1393 |
" start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)\n") |
1394 |
STEXI |
1395 |
@item -loadvm @var{file} |
1396 |
Start right away with a saved state (@code{loadvm} in monitor) |
1397 |
ETEXI |
1398 |
|
1399 |
#ifndef _WIN32 |
1400 |
DEF("daemonize", 0, QEMU_OPTION_daemonize, \ |
1401 |
"-daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing\n") |
1402 |
#endif |
1403 |
STEXI |
1404 |
@item -daemonize |
1405 |
Daemonize the QEMU process after initialization. QEMU will not detach from |
1406 |
standard IO until it is ready to receive connections on any of its devices. |
1407 |
This option is a useful way for external programs to launch QEMU without having |
1408 |
to cope with initialization race conditions. |
1409 |
ETEXI |
1410 |
|
1411 |
DEF("option-rom", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_option_rom, \ |
1412 |
"-option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space\n") |
1413 |
STEXI |
1414 |
@item -option-rom @var{file} |
1415 |
Load the contents of @var{file} as an option ROM. |
1416 |
This option is useful to load things like EtherBoot. |
1417 |
ETEXI |
1418 |
|
1419 |
DEF("clock", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_clock, \ |
1420 |
"-clock force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.\n" \ |
1421 |
" To see what timers are available use -clock ?\n") |
1422 |
STEXI |
1423 |
@item -clock @var{method} |
1424 |
Force the use of the given methods for timer alarm. To see what timers |
1425 |
are available use -clock ?. |
1426 |
ETEXI |
1427 |
|
1428 |
DEF("localtime", 0, QEMU_OPTION_localtime, \ |
1429 |
"-localtime set the real time clock to local time [default=utc]\n") |
1430 |
STEXI |
1431 |
@item -localtime |
1432 |
Set the real time clock to local time (the default is to UTC |
1433 |
time). This option is needed to have correct date in MS-DOS or |
1434 |
Windows. |
1435 |
ETEXI |
1436 |
|
1437 |
DEF("startdate", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_startdate, \ |
1438 |
"-startdate select initial date of the clock\n") |
1439 |
STEXI |
1440 |
|
1441 |
@item -startdate @var{date} |
1442 |
Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid formats for |
1443 |
@var{date} are: @code{now} or @code{2006-06-17T16:01:21} or |
1444 |
@code{2006-06-17}. The default value is @code{now}. |
1445 |
ETEXI |
1446 |
|
1447 |
DEF("icount", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_icount, \ |
1448 |
"-icount [N|auto]\n" \ |
1449 |
" enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per\n" \ |
1450 |
" instruction\n") |
1451 |
STEXI |
1452 |
@item -icount [N|auto] |
1453 |
Enable virtual instruction counter. The virtual cpu will execute one |
1454 |
instruction every 2^N ns of virtual time. If @code{auto} is specified |
1455 |
then the virtual cpu speed will be automatically adjusted to keep virtual |
1456 |
time within a few seconds of real time. |
1457 |
|
1458 |
Note that while this option can give deterministic behavior, it does not |
1459 |
provide cycle accurate emulation. Modern CPUs contain superscalar out of |
1460 |
order cores with complex cache hierarchies. The number of instructions |
1461 |
executed often has little or no correlation with actual performance. |
1462 |
ETEXI |
1463 |
|
1464 |
DEF("watchdog", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_watchdog, \ |
1465 |
"-watchdog i6300esb|ib700\n" \ |
1466 |
" enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]\n") |
1467 |
STEXI |
1468 |
@item -watchdog @var{model} |
1469 |
Create a virtual hardware watchdog device. Once enabled (by a guest |
1470 |
action), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside |
1471 |
the guest or else the guest will be restarted. |
1472 |
|
1473 |
The @var{model} is the model of hardware watchdog to emulate. Choices |
1474 |
for model are: @code{ib700} (iBASE 700) which is a very simple ISA |
1475 |
watchdog with a single timer, or @code{i6300esb} (Intel 6300ESB I/O |
1476 |
controller hub) which is a much more featureful PCI-based dual-timer |
1477 |
watchdog. Choose a model for which your guest has drivers. |
1478 |
|
1479 |
Use @code{-watchdog ?} to list available hardware models. Only one |
1480 |
watchdog can be enabled for a guest. |
1481 |
ETEXI |
1482 |
|
1483 |
DEF("watchdog-action", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_watchdog_action, \ |
1484 |
"-watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none\n" \ |
1485 |
" action when watchdog fires [default=reset]\n") |
1486 |
STEXI |
1487 |
@item -watchdog-action @var{action} |
1488 |
|
1489 |
The @var{action} controls what QEMU will do when the watchdog timer |
1490 |
expires. |
1491 |
The default is |
1492 |
@code{reset} (forcefully reset the guest). |
1493 |
Other possible actions are: |
1494 |
@code{shutdown} (attempt to gracefully shutdown the guest), |
1495 |
@code{poweroff} (forcefully poweroff the guest), |
1496 |
@code{pause} (pause the guest), |
1497 |
@code{debug} (print a debug message and continue), or |
1498 |
@code{none} (do nothing). |
1499 |
|
1500 |
Note that the @code{shutdown} action requires that the guest responds |
1501 |
to ACPI signals, which it may not be able to do in the sort of |
1502 |
situations where the watchdog would have expired, and thus |
1503 |
@code{-watchdog-action shutdown} is not recommended for production use. |
1504 |
|
1505 |
Examples: |
1506 |
|
1507 |
@table @code |
1508 |
@item -watchdog i6300esb -watchdog-action pause |
1509 |
@item -watchdog ib700 |
1510 |
@end table |
1511 |
ETEXI |
1512 |
|
1513 |
DEF("echr", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_echr, \ |
1514 |
"-echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a\n") |
1515 |
STEXI |
1516 |
|
1517 |
@item -echr numeric_ascii_value |
1518 |
Change the escape character used for switching to the monitor when using |
1519 |
monitor and serial sharing. The default is @code{0x01} when using the |
1520 |
@code{-nographic} option. @code{0x01} is equal to pressing |
1521 |
@code{Control-a}. You can select a different character from the ascii |
1522 |
control keys where 1 through 26 map to Control-a through Control-z. For |
1523 |
instance you could use the either of the following to change the escape |
1524 |
character to Control-t. |
1525 |
@table @code |
1526 |
@item -echr 0x14 |
1527 |
@item -echr 20 |
1528 |
@end table |
1529 |
ETEXI |
1530 |
|
1531 |
DEF("virtioconsole", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_virtiocon, \ |
1532 |
"-virtioconsole c\n" \ |
1533 |
" set virtio console\n") |
1534 |
STEXI |
1535 |
@item -virtioconsole @var{c} |
1536 |
Set virtio console. |
1537 |
ETEXI |
1538 |
|
1539 |
DEF("show-cursor", 0, QEMU_OPTION_show_cursor, \ |
1540 |
"-show-cursor show cursor\n") |
1541 |
STEXI |
1542 |
ETEXI |
1543 |
|
1544 |
DEF("tb-size", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_tb_size, \ |
1545 |
"-tb-size n set TB size\n") |
1546 |
STEXI |
1547 |
ETEXI |
1548 |
|
1549 |
DEF("incoming", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_incoming, \ |
1550 |
"-incoming p prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p\n") |
1551 |
STEXI |
1552 |
ETEXI |
1553 |
|
1554 |
#ifndef _WIN32 |
1555 |
DEF("chroot", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_chroot, \ |
1556 |
"-chroot dir Chroot to dir just before starting the VM.\n") |
1557 |
#endif |
1558 |
STEXI |
1559 |
@item -chroot dir |
1560 |
Immediately before starting guest execution, chroot to the specified |
1561 |
directory. Especially useful in combination with -runas. |
1562 |
ETEXI |
1563 |
|
1564 |
#ifndef _WIN32 |
1565 |
DEF("runas", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_runas, \ |
1566 |
"-runas user Change to user id user just before starting the VM.\n") |
1567 |
#endif |
1568 |
STEXI |
1569 |
@item -runas user |
1570 |
Immediately before starting guest execution, drop root privileges, switching |
1571 |
to the specified user. |
1572 |
ETEXI |
1573 |
|
1574 |
STEXI |
1575 |
@end table |
1576 |
ETEXI |
1577 |
|
1578 |
#if defined(TARGET_SPARC) || defined(TARGET_PPC) |
1579 |
DEF("prom-env", HAS_ARG, QEMU_OPTION_prom_env, |
1580 |
"-prom-env variable=value\n" |
1581 |
" set OpenBIOS nvram variables\n") |
1582 |
#endif |
1583 |
#if defined(TARGET_ARM) || defined(TARGET_M68K) |
1584 |
DEF("semihosting", 0, QEMU_OPTION_semihosting, |
1585 |
"-semihosting semihosting mode\n") |
1586 |
#endif |
1587 |
#if defined(TARGET_ARM) |
1588 |
DEF("old-param", 0, QEMU_OPTION_old_param, |
1589 |
"-old-param old param mode\n") |
1590 |
#endif |