Archipelago » qemu

/*

 * defines common to all virtual CPUs

 * 

 *  Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard

 *

 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public

 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either

 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

 *

 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

 * Lesser General Public License for more details.

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public

 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software

 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA

 */

#ifndef CPU_ALL_H

#define CPU_ALL_H

#if defined(__arm__) || defined(__sparc__)

#define WORDS_ALIGNED

#endif

/* some important defines: 

 * 

 * WORDS_ALIGNED : if defined, the host cpu can only make word aligned

 * memory accesses.

 * 

 * WORDS_BIGENDIAN : if defined, the host cpu is big endian and

 * otherwise little endian.

 * 

 * (TARGET_WORDS_ALIGNED : same for target cpu (not supported yet))

 * 

 * TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN : same for target cpu

 */

#include "bswap.h"

#if defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN) != defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)

#define BSWAP_NEEDED

#endif

#ifdef BSWAP_NEEDED

static inline uint16_t tswap16(uint16_t s)

{

    return bswap16(s);

}

static inline uint32_t tswap32(uint32_t s)

{

    return bswap32(s);

}

static inline uint64_t tswap64(uint64_t s)

{

    return bswap64(s);

}

static inline void tswap16s(uint16_t *s)

{

    *s = bswap16(*s);

}

static inline void tswap32s(uint32_t *s)

{

    *s = bswap32(*s);

}

static inline void tswap64s(uint64_t *s)

{

    *s = bswap64(*s);

}

#else

static inline uint16_t tswap16(uint16_t s)

{

    return s;

}

static inline uint32_t tswap32(uint32_t s)

{

    return s;

}

static inline uint64_t tswap64(uint64_t s)

{

    return s;

}

static inline void tswap16s(uint16_t *s)

{

}

static inline void tswap32s(uint32_t *s)

{

}

static inline void tswap64s(uint64_t *s)

{

}

#endif

#if TARGET_LONG_SIZE == 4

#define tswapl(s) tswap32(s)

#define tswapls(s) tswap32s((uint32_t *)(s))

#define bswaptls(s) bswap32s(s)

#else

#define tswapl(s) tswap64(s)

#define tswapls(s) tswap64s((uint64_t *)(s))

#define bswaptls(s) bswap64s(s)

#endif

/* NOTE: arm FPA is horrible as double 32 bit words are stored in big

   endian ! */

typedef union {

    float64 d;

#if defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN) \

    || (defined(__arm__) && !defined(__VFP_FP__) && !defined(CONFIG_SOFTFLOAT))

    struct {

        uint32_t upper;

        uint32_t lower;

    } l;

#else

    struct {

        uint32_t lower;

        uint32_t upper;

    } l;

#endif

    uint64_t ll;

} CPU_DoubleU;

/* CPU memory access without any memory or io remapping */

/*

 * the generic syntax for the memory accesses is:

 *

 * load: ld{type}{sign}{size}{endian}_{access_type}(ptr)

 *

 * store: st{type}{size}{endian}_{access_type}(ptr, val)

 *

 * type is:

 * (empty): integer access

 *   f    : float access

 * 

 * sign is:

 * (empty): for floats or 32 bit size

 *   u    : unsigned

 *   s    : signed

 *

 * size is:

 *   b: 8 bits

 *   w: 16 bits

 *   l: 32 bits

 *   q: 64 bits

 * 

 * endian is:

 * (empty): target cpu endianness or 8 bit access

 *   r    : reversed target cpu endianness (not implemented yet)

 *   be   : big endian (not implemented yet)

 *   le   : little endian (not implemented yet)

 *

 * access_type is:

 *   raw    : host memory access

 *   user   : user mode access using soft MMU

 *   kernel : kernel mode access using soft MMU

 */

static inline int ldub_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint8_t *)ptr;

}

static inline int ldsb_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(int8_t *)ptr;

}

static inline void stb_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

    *(uint8_t *)ptr = v;

}

/* NOTE: on arm, putting 2 in /proc/sys/debug/alignment so that the

   kernel handles unaligned load/stores may give better results, but

   it is a system wide setting : bad */

#if defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN) || defined(WORDS_ALIGNED)

/* conservative code for little endian unaligned accesses */

static inline int lduw_le_p(void *ptr)

{

#ifdef __powerpc__

    int val;

    __asm__ __volatile__ ("lhbrx %0,0,%1" : "=r" (val) : "r" (ptr));

    return val;

#else

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    return p[0] | (p[1] << 8);

#endif

}

static inline int ldsw_le_p(void *ptr)

{

#ifdef __powerpc__

    int val;

    __asm__ __volatile__ ("lhbrx %0,0,%1" : "=r" (val) : "r" (ptr));

    return (int16_t)val;

#else

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    return (int16_t)(p[0] | (p[1] << 8));

#endif

}

static inline int ldl_le_p(void *ptr)

{

#ifdef __powerpc__

    int val;

    __asm__ __volatile__ ("lwbrx %0,0,%1" : "=r" (val) : "r" (ptr));

    return val;

#else

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    return p[0] | (p[1] << 8) | (p[2] << 16) | (p[3] << 24);

#endif

}

static inline uint64_t ldq_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    uint32_t v1, v2;

    v1 = ldl_le_p(p);

    v2 = ldl_le_p(p + 4);

    return v1 | ((uint64_t)v2 << 32);

}

static inline void stw_le_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

#ifdef __powerpc__

    __asm__ __volatile__ ("sthbrx %1,0,%2" : "=m" (*(uint16_t *)ptr) : "r" (v), "r" (ptr));

#else

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    p[0] = v;

    p[1] = v >> 8;

#endif

}

static inline void stl_le_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

#ifdef __powerpc__

    __asm__ __volatile__ ("stwbrx %1,0,%2" : "=m" (*(uint32_t *)ptr) : "r" (v), "r" (ptr));

#else

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    p[0] = v;

    p[1] = v >> 8;

    p[2] = v >> 16;

    p[3] = v >> 24;

#endif

}

static inline void stq_le_p(void *ptr, uint64_t v)

{

    uint8_t *p = ptr;

    stl_le_p(p, (uint32_t)v);

    stl_le_p(p + 4, v >> 32);

}

/* float access */

static inline float32 ldfl_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    union {

        float32 f;

        uint32_t i;

    } u;

    u.i = ldl_le_p(ptr);

    return u.f;

}

static inline void stfl_le_p(void *ptr, float32 v)

{

    union {

        float32 f;

        uint32_t i;

    } u;

    u.f = v;

    stl_le_p(ptr, u.i);

}

static inline float64 ldfq_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    CPU_DoubleU u;

    u.l.lower = ldl_le_p(ptr);

    u.l.upper = ldl_le_p(ptr + 4);

    return u.d;

}

static inline void stfq_le_p(void *ptr, float64 v)

{

    CPU_DoubleU u;

    u.d = v;

    stl_le_p(ptr, u.l.lower);

    stl_le_p(ptr + 4, u.l.upper);

}

#else

static inline int lduw_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint16_t *)ptr;

}

static inline int ldsw_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(int16_t *)ptr;

}

static inline int ldl_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint32_t *)ptr;

}

static inline uint64_t ldq_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint64_t *)ptr;

}

static inline void stw_le_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

    *(uint16_t *)ptr = v;

}

static inline void stl_le_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

    *(uint32_t *)ptr = v;

}

static inline void stq_le_p(void *ptr, uint64_t v)

{

    *(uint64_t *)ptr = v;

}

/* float access */

static inline float32 ldfl_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(float32 *)ptr;

}

static inline float64 ldfq_le_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(float64 *)ptr;

}

static inline void stfl_le_p(void *ptr, float32 v)

{

    *(float32 *)ptr = v;

}

static inline void stfq_le_p(void *ptr, float64 v)

{

    *(float64 *)ptr = v;

}

#endif

#if !defined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN) || defined(WORDS_ALIGNED)

static inline int lduw_be_p(void *ptr)

{

#if defined(__i386__)

    int val;

    asm volatile ("movzwl %1, %0\n"

                  "xchgb %b0, %h0\n"

                  : "=q" (val)

                  : "m" (*(uint16_t *)ptr));

    return val;

#else

    uint8_t *b = (uint8_t *) ptr;

    return ((b[0] << 8) | b[1]);

#endif

}

static inline int ldsw_be_p(void *ptr)

{

#if defined(__i386__)

    int val;

    asm volatile ("movzwl %1, %0\n"

                  "xchgb %b0, %h0\n"

                  : "=q" (val)

                  : "m" (*(uint16_t *)ptr));

    return (int16_t)val;

#else

    uint8_t *b = (uint8_t *) ptr;

    return (int16_t)((b[0] << 8) | b[1]);

#endif

}

static inline int ldl_be_p(void *ptr)

{

#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)

    int val;

    asm volatile ("movl %1, %0\n"

                  "bswap %0\n"

                  : "=r" (val)

                  : "m" (*(uint32_t *)ptr));

    return val;

#else

    uint8_t *b = (uint8_t *) ptr;

    return (b[0] << 24) | (b[1] << 16) | (b[2] << 8) | b[3];

#endif

}

static inline uint64_t ldq_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    uint32_t a,b;

    a = ldl_be_p(ptr);

    b = ldl_be_p(ptr+4);

    return (((uint64_t)a<<32)|b);

}

static inline void stw_be_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

#if defined(__i386__)

    asm volatile ("xchgb %b0, %h0\n"

                  "movw %w0, %1\n"

                  : "=q" (v)

                  : "m" (*(uint16_t *)ptr), "0" (v));

#else

    uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *) ptr;

    d[0] = v >> 8;

    d[1] = v;

#endif

}

static inline void stl_be_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)

    asm volatile ("bswap %0\n"

                  "movl %0, %1\n"

                  : "=r" (v)

                  : "m" (*(uint32_t *)ptr), "0" (v));

#else

    uint8_t *d = (uint8_t *) ptr;

    d[0] = v >> 24;

    d[1] = v >> 16;

    d[2] = v >> 8;

    d[3] = v;

#endif

}

static inline void stq_be_p(void *ptr, uint64_t v)

{

    stl_be_p(ptr, v >> 32);

    stl_be_p(ptr + 4, v);

}

/* float access */

static inline float32 ldfl_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    union {

        float32 f;

        uint32_t i;

    } u;

    u.i = ldl_be_p(ptr);

    return u.f;

}

static inline void stfl_be_p(void *ptr, float32 v)

{

    union {

        float32 f;

        uint32_t i;

    } u;

    u.f = v;

    stl_be_p(ptr, u.i);

}

static inline float64 ldfq_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    CPU_DoubleU u;

    u.l.upper = ldl_be_p(ptr);

    u.l.lower = ldl_be_p(ptr + 4);

    return u.d;

}

static inline void stfq_be_p(void *ptr, float64 v)

{

    CPU_DoubleU u;

    u.d = v;

    stl_be_p(ptr, u.l.upper);

    stl_be_p(ptr + 4, u.l.lower);

}

#else

static inline int lduw_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint16_t *)ptr;

}

static inline int ldsw_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(int16_t *)ptr;

}

static inline int ldl_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint32_t *)ptr;

}

static inline uint64_t ldq_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(uint64_t *)ptr;

}

static inline void stw_be_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

    *(uint16_t *)ptr = v;

}

static inline void stl_be_p(void *ptr, int v)

{

    *(uint32_t *)ptr = v;

}

static inline void stq_be_p(void *ptr, uint64_t v)

{

    *(uint64_t *)ptr = v;

}

/* float access */

static inline float32 ldfl_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(float32 *)ptr;

}

static inline float64 ldfq_be_p(void *ptr)

{

    return *(float64 *)ptr;

}

static inline void stfl_be_p(void *ptr, float32 v)

{

    *(float32 *)ptr = v;

}

static inline void stfq_be_p(void *ptr, float64 v)

{

    *(float64 *)ptr = v;

}

#endif

/* target CPU memory access functions */

#if defined(TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN)

#define lduw_p(p) lduw_be_p(p)

#define ldsw_p(p) ldsw_be_p(p)

#define ldl_p(p) ldl_be_p(p)

#define ldq_p(p) ldq_be_p(p)

#define ldfl_p(p) ldfl_be_p(p)

#define ldfq_p(p) ldfq_be_p(p)

#define stw_p(p, v) stw_be_p(p, v)

#define stl_p(p, v) stl_be_p(p, v)

#define stq_p(p, v) stq_be_p(p, v)

#define stfl_p(p, v) stfl_be_p(p, v)

#define stfq_p(p, v) stfq_be_p(p, v)

#else

#define lduw_p(p) lduw_le_p(p)

#define ldsw_p(p) ldsw_le_p(p)

#define ldl_p(p) ldl_le_p(p)

#define ldq_p(p) ldq_le_p(p)

#define ldfl_p(p) ldfl_le_p(p)

#define ldfq_p(p) ldfq_le_p(p)

#define stw_p(p, v) stw_le_p(p, v)

#define stl_p(p, v) stl_le_p(p, v)

#define stq_p(p, v) stq_le_p(p, v)

#define stfl_p(p, v) stfl_le_p(p, v)

#define stfq_p(p, v) stfq_le_p(p, v)

#endif

/* MMU memory access macros */

#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY)

/* On some host systems the guest address space is reserved on the host.

 * This allows the guest address space to be offset to a convenient location.

 */

//#define GUEST_BASE 0x20000000

#define GUEST_BASE 0

/* All direct uses of g2h and h2g need to go away for usermode softmmu.  */

#define g2h(x) ((void *)((unsigned long)(x) + GUEST_BASE))

#define h2g(x) ((target_ulong)(x - GUEST_BASE))

#define saddr(x) g2h(x)

#define laddr(x) g2h(x)

#else /* !CONFIG_USER_ONLY */

/* NOTE: we use double casts if pointers and target_ulong have

   different sizes */

#define saddr(x) (uint8_t *)(long)(x)

#define laddr(x) (uint8_t *)(long)(x)

#endif

#define ldub_raw(p) ldub_p(laddr((p)))

#define ldsb_raw(p) ldsb_p(laddr((p)))

#define lduw_raw(p) lduw_p(laddr((p)))

#define ldsw_raw(p) ldsw_p(laddr((p)))

#define ldl_raw(p) ldl_p(laddr((p)))

#define ldq_raw(p) ldq_p(laddr((p)))

#define ldfl_raw(p) ldfl_p(laddr((p)))

#define ldfq_raw(p) ldfq_p(laddr((p)))

#define stb_raw(p, v) stb_p(saddr((p)), v)

#define stw_raw(p, v) stw_p(saddr((p)), v)

#define stl_raw(p, v) stl_p(saddr((p)), v)

#define stq_raw(p, v) stq_p(saddr((p)), v)

#define stfl_raw(p, v) stfl_p(saddr((p)), v)

#define stfq_raw(p, v) stfq_p(saddr((p)), v)

#if defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY) 

/* if user mode, no other memory access functions */

#define ldub(p) ldub_raw(p)

#define ldsb(p) ldsb_raw(p)

#define lduw(p) lduw_raw(p)

#define ldsw(p) ldsw_raw(p)

#define ldl(p) ldl_raw(p)

#define ldq(p) ldq_raw(p)

#define ldfl(p) ldfl_raw(p)

#define ldfq(p) ldfq_raw(p)

#define stb(p, v) stb_raw(p, v)

#define stw(p, v) stw_raw(p, v)

#define stl(p, v) stl_raw(p, v)

#define stq(p, v) stq_raw(p, v)

#define stfl(p, v) stfl_raw(p, v)

#define stfq(p, v) stfq_raw(p, v)

#define ldub_code(p) ldub_raw(p)

#define ldsb_code(p) ldsb_raw(p)

#define lduw_code(p) lduw_raw(p)

#define ldsw_code(p) ldsw_raw(p)

#define ldl_code(p) ldl_raw(p)

#define ldub_kernel(p) ldub_raw(p)

#define ldsb_kernel(p) ldsb_raw(p)

#define lduw_kernel(p) lduw_raw(p)

#define ldsw_kernel(p) ldsw_raw(p)

#define ldl_kernel(p) ldl_raw(p)

#define ldfl_kernel(p) ldfl_raw(p)

#define ldfq_kernel(p) ldfq_raw(p)

#define stb_kernel(p, v) stb_raw(p, v)

#define stw_kernel(p, v) stw_raw(p, v)

#define stl_kernel(p, v) stl_raw(p, v)

#define stq_kernel(p, v) stq_raw(p, v)

#define stfl_kernel(p, v) stfl_raw(p, v)

#define stfq_kernel(p, vt) stfq_raw(p, v)

#endif /* defined(CONFIG_USER_ONLY) */

/* page related stuff */

#define TARGET_PAGE_SIZE (1 << TARGET_PAGE_BITS)

#define TARGET_PAGE_MASK ~(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1)

#define TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(addr) (((addr) + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1) & TARGET_PAGE_MASK)

/* ??? These should be the larger of unsigned long and target_ulong.  */

extern unsigned long qemu_real_host_page_size;

extern unsigned long qemu_host_page_bits;

extern unsigned long qemu_host_page_size;

extern unsigned long qemu_host_page_mask;

#define HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(addr) (((addr) + qemu_host_page_size - 1) & qemu_host_page_mask)

/* same as PROT_xxx */

#define PAGE_READ      0x0001

#define PAGE_WRITE     0x0002

#define PAGE_EXEC      0x0004

#define PAGE_BITS      (PAGE_READ | PAGE_WRITE | PAGE_EXEC)

#define PAGE_VALID     0x0008

/* original state of the write flag (used when tracking self-modifying

   code */

#define PAGE_WRITE_ORG 0x0010 

void page_dump(FILE *f);

int page_get_flags(target_ulong address);

void page_set_flags(target_ulong start, target_ulong end, int flags);

void page_unprotect_range(target_ulong data, target_ulong data_size);

#define SINGLE_CPU_DEFINES

#ifdef SINGLE_CPU_DEFINES

#if defined(TARGET_I386)

#define CPUState CPUX86State

#define cpu_init cpu_x86_init

#define cpu_exec cpu_x86_exec

#define cpu_gen_code cpu_x86_gen_code

#define cpu_signal_handler cpu_x86_signal_handler

#elif defined(TARGET_ARM)

#define CPUState CPUARMState

#define cpu_init cpu_arm_init

#define cpu_exec cpu_arm_exec

#define cpu_gen_code cpu_arm_gen_code

#define cpu_signal_handler cpu_arm_signal_handler

#elif defined(TARGET_SPARC)

#define CPUState CPUSPARCState

#define cpu_init cpu_sparc_init

#define cpu_exec cpu_sparc_exec

#define cpu_gen_code cpu_sparc_gen_code

#define cpu_signal_handler cpu_sparc_signal_handler

#elif defined(TARGET_PPC)

#define CPUState CPUPPCState

#define cpu_init cpu_ppc_init

#define cpu_exec cpu_ppc_exec

#define cpu_gen_code cpu_ppc_gen_code

#define cpu_signal_handler cpu_ppc_signal_handler

#elif defined(TARGET_MIPS)

#define CPUState CPUMIPSState

#define cpu_init cpu_mips_init

#define cpu_exec cpu_mips_exec

#define cpu_gen_code cpu_mips_gen_code

#define cpu_signal_handler cpu_mips_signal_handler

#else

#error unsupported target CPU

#endif

#endif /* SINGLE_CPU_DEFINES */

void cpu_dump_state(CPUState *env, FILE *f, 

                    int (*cpu_fprintf)(FILE *f, const char *fmt, ...),

                    int flags);

void cpu_abort(CPUState *env, const char *fmt, ...);

extern CPUState *first_cpu;

extern CPUState *cpu_single_env;

extern int code_copy_enabled;

#define CPU_INTERRUPT_EXIT   0x01 /* wants exit from main loop */

#define CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD   0x02 /* hardware interrupt pending */

#define CPU_INTERRUPT_EXITTB 0x04 /* exit the current TB (use for x86 a20 case) */

#define CPU_INTERRUPT_TIMER  0x08 /* internal timer exception pending */

#define CPU_INTERRUPT_FIQ    0x10 /* Fast interrupt pending.  */

#define CPU_INTERRUPT_HALT   0x20 /* CPU halt wanted */

void cpu_interrupt(CPUState *s, int mask);

void cpu_reset_interrupt(CPUState *env, int mask);

int cpu_breakpoint_insert(CPUState *env, target_ulong pc);

int cpu_breakpoint_remove(CPUState *env, target_ulong pc);

void cpu_single_step(CPUState *env, int enabled);

void cpu_reset(CPUState *s);

/* Return the physical page corresponding to a virtual one. Use it

   only for debugging because no protection checks are done. Return -1

   if no page found. */

target_ulong cpu_get_phys_page_debug(CPUState *env, target_ulong addr);

#define CPU_LOG_TB_OUT_ASM (1 << 0) 

#define CPU_LOG_TB_IN_ASM  (1 << 1)

#define CPU_LOG_TB_OP      (1 << 2)

#define CPU_LOG_TB_OP_OPT  (1 << 3)

#define CPU_LOG_INT        (1 << 4)

#define CPU_LOG_EXEC       (1 << 5)

#define CPU_LOG_PCALL      (1 << 6)

#define CPU_LOG_IOPORT     (1 << 7)

#define CPU_LOG_TB_CPU     (1 << 8)

/* define log items */

typedef struct CPULogItem {

    int mask;

    const char *name;

    const char *help;

} CPULogItem;

extern CPULogItem cpu_log_items[];

void cpu_set_log(int log_flags);

void cpu_set_log_filename(const char *filename);

int cpu_str_to_log_mask(const char *str);

/* IO ports API */

/* NOTE: as these functions may be even used when there is an isa

   brige on non x86 targets, we always defined them */

#ifndef NO_CPU_IO_DEFS

void cpu_outb(CPUState *env, int addr, int val);

void cpu_outw(CPUState *env, int addr, int val);

void cpu_outl(CPUState *env, int addr, int val);

int cpu_inb(CPUState *env, int addr);

int cpu_inw(CPUState *env, int addr);

int cpu_inl(CPUState *env, int addr);

#endif

/* memory API */

extern int phys_ram_size;

extern int phys_ram_fd;

extern uint8_t *phys_ram_base;

extern uint8_t *phys_ram_dirty;

/* physical memory access */

#define TLB_INVALID_MASK   (1 << 3)

#define IO_MEM_SHIFT       4

#define IO_MEM_NB_ENTRIES  (1 << (TARGET_PAGE_BITS  - IO_MEM_SHIFT))

#define IO_MEM_RAM         (0 << IO_MEM_SHIFT) /* hardcoded offset */

#define IO_MEM_ROM         (1 << IO_MEM_SHIFT) /* hardcoded offset */

#define IO_MEM_UNASSIGNED  (2 << IO_MEM_SHIFT)

#define IO_MEM_NOTDIRTY    (4 << IO_MEM_SHIFT) /* used internally, never use directly */

typedef void CPUWriteMemoryFunc(void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t value);

typedef uint32_t CPUReadMemoryFunc(void *opaque, target_phys_addr_t addr);

void cpu_register_physical_memory(target_phys_addr_t start_addr, 

                                  unsigned long size,

                                  unsigned long phys_offset);

int cpu_register_io_memory(int io_index,

                           CPUReadMemoryFunc **mem_read,

                           CPUWriteMemoryFunc **mem_write,

                           void *opaque);

CPUWriteMemoryFunc **cpu_get_io_memory_write(int io_index);

CPUReadMemoryFunc **cpu_get_io_memory_read(int io_index);

void cpu_physical_memory_rw(target_phys_addr_t addr, uint8_t *buf,

                            int len, int is_write);

static inline void cpu_physical_memory_read(target_phys_addr_t addr, 

                                            uint8_t *buf, int len)

{

    cpu_physical_memory_rw(addr, buf, len, 0);

}

static inline void cpu_physical_memory_write(target_phys_addr_t addr, 

                                             const uint8_t *buf, int len)

{

    cpu_physical_memory_rw(addr, (uint8_t *)buf, len, 1);

}

uint32_t ldub_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr);

uint32_t lduw_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr);

uint32_t ldl_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr);

uint64_t ldq_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr);

void stl_phys_notdirty(target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val);

void stb_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val);

void stw_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val);

void stl_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val);

void stq_phys(target_phys_addr_t addr, uint64_t val);

void cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(target_phys_addr_t addr, 

                                   const uint8_t *buf, int len);

int cpu_memory_rw_debug(CPUState *env, target_ulong addr, 

                        uint8_t *buf, int len, int is_write);

#define VGA_DIRTY_FLAG  0x01

#define CODE_DIRTY_FLAG 0x02