QEMU emulator version 1.0 (qemu-kvm-1.0 Debian 1.0+dfsg-2), Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard usage: qemu [options] [disk_image] 'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0 Standard options: -h or -help display this help and exit -version display version information and exit -machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]] selects emulated machine (-machine ? for list) property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator supported accelerators are kvm, xen, tcg (default: tcg) -cpu cpu select CPU (-cpu ? for list) -smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets] set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1] maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including offline CPUs for hotplug, etc cores= number of CPU cores on one socket threads= number of threads on one CPU core sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system -numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node] -fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image -hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image -hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image -cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master) -drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i] [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off] [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f] [,serial=s][,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native] [,readonly=on|off] use 'file' as a drive image -set group.id.arg=value set parameter for item of type i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image -global driver.property=value set a global default for a driver property -mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image -sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image -pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image -boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off] [,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time] 'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n) 'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on 'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms -snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files -m megs set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=128] -mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM -mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path) -k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French) -audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options -soundhw c1,... enable audio support and only specified sound cards (comma separated list) use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards use -soundhw all to enable all of them -usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon) -usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name' -device driver[,prop[=value][,...]] add device (based on driver) prop=value,... sets driver properties use -device ? to print all possible drivers use -device driver,? to print all possible properties File system options: -fsdev fsdriver,id=id,path=path,[security_model={mapped|passthrough|none}] [,writeout=immediate][,readonly] Virtual File system pass-through options: -virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=[mapped|passthrough|none] [,writeout=immediate][,readonly] -virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image -name string1[,process=string2] set the name of the guest string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux) -uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x specify machine UUID Display options: -display sdl[,frame=on|off][,alt_grab=on|off][,ctrl_grab=on|off] [,window_close=on|off]|curses|none| vnc=[,] select display type -nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console -curses use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL -no-frame open SDL window without a frame and window decorations -alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt) -ctrl-grab use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt) -no-quit disable SDL window close capability -sdl enable SDL -spice enable spice -portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD) -rotate rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD) -vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|none] select video card type -full-screen start in full screen -g WxH[xDEPTH] Set the initial graphical resolution and depth -vnc display start a VNC server on display i386 target only: -win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug -no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks -no-acpi disable ACPI -no-hpet disable HPET -balloon none disable balloon device -balloon virtio[,addr=str] enable virtio balloon device (default) -acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...] ACPI table description -smbios file=binary load SMBIOS entry from binary file -smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d] specify SMBIOS type 0 fields -smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str] [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str] specify SMBIOS type 1 fields Network options: -net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v] create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n' -net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=on|off] [,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f] [,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]] connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its DHCP server and enabled optional services -net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h][,vhostforce=on|off] connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/kvm/kvm-ifup) and 'dfile' (default=/etc/kvm/kvm-ifdown) use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576') use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator (only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX) use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device -net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port] connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection -net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]] connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from -net vde[,vlan=n][,name=str][,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode] connect the vlan 'n' to port 'n' of a vde switch running on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'. Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default ownership and permissions for communication port. -net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n] dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet) -net none use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user' -netdev [user|tap|vde|socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...] Character device options: -chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off] -chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay] [,server][,nowait][,telnet][,mux=on|off] (tcp) -chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet],[mux=on|off] (unix) -chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr] [,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off] -chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off] -chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]] [,mux=on|off] -chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off] -chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off] -chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off] -chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off] -chardev braille,id=id[,mux=on|off] -chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off] -chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off] -chardev spicevmc,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug] Bluetooth(R) options: -bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands -bt hci,host[:id] use host's HCI with the given name -bt hci[,vlan=n] emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n' -bt vhci[,vlan=n] add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI -bt device:dev[,vlan=n] emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n' Linux/Multiboot boot specific: -kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image -append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line -initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk Debug/Expert options: -serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev' -parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev' -monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev' -qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode -mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default] -debugcon dev redirect the debug console to char device 'dev' -pidfile file write PID to 'file' -singlestep always run in singlestep mode -S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution) -gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev' -s shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234 -d item1,... output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items) -D logfile output log to logfile (instead of the default /tmp/qemu.log) -hdachs c,h,s[,t] force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them) -L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps -bios file set the filename for the BIOS -enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support -xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id -xen-create create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend warning: should not be used when xend is in use -xen-attach attach to existing xen domain xend will use this when starting qemu -no-reboot exit instead of rebooting -no-shutdown stop before shutdown -loadvm [tag|id] start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor) -daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing -option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space -clock force the use of the given methods for timer alarm. To see what timers are available use -clock ? -rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew] set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only) -icount [N|auto] enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per instruction -watchdog i6300esb|ib700 enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none] -watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none action when watchdog fires [default=reset] -echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a -virtioconsole c set virtio console -show-cursor show cursor -tb-size n set TB size -incoming p prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p -nodefaults don't create default devices -chroot dir chroot to dir just before starting the VM -runas user change to user id user just before starting the VM -prom-env variable=value set OpenBIOS nvram variables -semihosting semihosting mode -old-param old param mode -readconfig -writeconfig read/write config file -nodefconfig do not load default config files at startup -trace [events=][,file=] specify tracing options -no-kvm disable KVM hardware virtualization -no-kvm-irqchip disable KVM kernel mode PIC/IOAPIC/LAPIC -no-kvm-pit disable KVM kernel mode PIT -no-kvm-pit-reinjection disable KVM kernel mode PIT interrupt reinjection -tdf enable guest time drift compensation -kvm-shadow-memory MEGABYTES allocate MEGABYTES for kvm mmu shadowing During emulation, the following keys are useful: ctrl-alt-f toggle full screen ctrl-alt-n switch to virtual console 'n' ctrl-alt toggle mouse and keyboard grab When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.