Synnefo » snf-ganeti

Ganeti quick installation guide

===============================

Please note that a more detailed installation procedure is described in

the :doc:`install`. A glossary of terms can be found in the

:doc:`glossary`.

Software Requirements

---------------------

Before installing, please verify that you have the following programs:

- `Xen Hypervisor <http://www.xen.org/>`_, version 3.0 or above, if

  running on Xen

- `KVM Hypervisor <http://www.linux-kvm.org>`_, version 72 or above, if

  running on KVM. In order to use advanced features, such as live

  migration, virtio, etc, an even newer version is recommended (qemu-kvm

  versions 0.11.X or above have shown good behavior).

- `DRBD <http://www.drbd.org/>`_, kernel module and userspace utils,

  version 8.0.7 or above

- `LVM2 <http://sourceware.org/lvm2/>`_

- `OpenSSH <http://www.openssh.com/portable.html>`_

- `bridge utilities <http://www.linuxfoundation.org/en/Net:Bridge>`_

- `iproute2 <http://www.linuxfoundation.org/en/Net:Iproute2>`_

- `arping <http://www.skbuff.net/iputils/>`_ (part of iputils)

- `ndisc6 <http://www.remlab.net/ndisc6/>`_ (if using IPv6)

- `Python <http://www.python.org/>`_, version 2.4 or above, not 3.0

- `Python OpenSSL bindings <http://pyopenssl.sourceforge.net/>`_

- `simplejson Python module <http://code.google.com/p/simplejson/>`_

- `pyparsing Python module <http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com/>`_, version

  1.4.6 or above

- `pyinotify Python module <http://trac.dbzteam.org/pyinotify/>`_

- `PycURL Python module <http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/>`_

- `ctypes Python module

  <http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/>`_, if running on

  python 2.4 (optional, used for node daemon memory locking)

- `socat <http://www.dest-unreach.org/socat/>`_, see :ref:`note

  <socat-note>` below

- `Paramiko <http://www.lag.net/paramiko/>`_, if you want automated SSH

  setup; optional otherwise but manual setup of the nodes required

- `affinity Python module <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/affinity/0.1.0>`_,

  optional python package for supporting CPU pinning under KVM

- `ElementTree Python module <http://effbot.org/zone/element-index.htm>`_,

  if running python 2.4 (optional, used by ovfconverter tool)

- `qemu-img <http://qemu.org/>`_, if you want to use ovfconverter

- `fping <http://fping.sourceforge.net/>`_

These programs are supplied as part of most Linux distributions, so

usually they can be installed via the standard package manager. Also

many of them will already be installed on a standard machine. On

Debian/Ubuntu, you can use this command line to install all required

packages, except for DRBD and Xen::

  $ apt-get install lvm2 ssh bridge-utils iproute iputils-arping \

                    ndisc6 python python-pyopenssl openssl \

                    python-pyparsing python-simplejson \

                    python-pyinotify python-pycurl socat \

                    python-elementtree qemu

If you want to also enable the `htools` components, which is recommended

on bigger deployments (they give you automatic instance placement,

cluster balancing, etc.), then you need to have a Haskell compiler

installed. More specifically:

- `GHC <http://www.haskell.org/ghc/>`_ version 6.12 or higher

- or even better, `The Haskell Platform

  <http://hackage.haskell.org/platform/>`_ which gives you a simple way

  to bootstrap Haskell

- `json <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/json>`_, a JSON library

- `network <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/network>`_, a basic

  network library

- `parallel <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/parallel>`_, a parallel

  programming library (note: tested with up to version 3.x)

- `curl <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/curl>`_, bindings for the

  curl library, only needed if you want these tools to connect to remote

  clusters (as opposed to the local one)

All of these are also available as package in Debian/Ubuntu::

  $ apt-get install ghc6 libghc6-json-dev libghc6-network-dev \

                    libghc6-parallel-dev libghc6-curl-dev

Note that more recent version have switched to GHC 7.x and the packages

were renamed::

  $ apt-get install ghc libghc-json-dev libghc-network-dev \

                    libghc-parallel-dev libghc-curl-dev

The compilation of the htools components is automatically enabled when

the compiler and the requisite libraries are found. You can use the

``--enable-htools`` configure flag to force the selection (at which

point ``./configure`` will fail if it doesn't find the prerequisites).

If you want to build from source, please see doc/devnotes.rst for more

dependencies.

.. _socat-note:

.. note::

  Ganeti's import/export functionality uses ``socat`` with OpenSSL for

  transferring data between nodes. By default, OpenSSL 0.9.8 and above

  employ transparent compression of all data using zlib if supported by

  both sides of a connection. In cases where a lot of data is

  transferred, this can lead to an increased CPU usage. Additionally,

  Ganeti already compresses all data using ``gzip`` where it makes sense

  (for inter-cluster instance moves).

  To remedey this situation, patches implementing a new ``socat`` option

  for disabling OpenSSL compression have been contributed and will

  likely be included in the next feature release. Until then, users or

  distributions need to apply the patches on their own.

  Ganeti will use the option if it's detected by the ``configure``

  script; auto-detection can be disabled by explicitely passing

  ``--enable-socat-compress`` (use the option to disable compression) or

  ``--disable-socat-compress`` (don't use the option).

  The patches and more information can be found on

  http://www.dest-unreach.org/socat/contrib/socat-opensslcompress.html.

Installation of the software

----------------------------

To install, simply run the following command::

  ./configure --localstatedir=/var --sysconfdir=/etc && \

  make && \

  make install

This will install the software under ``/usr/local``. You then need to

copy ``doc/examples/ganeti.initd`` to ``/etc/init.d/ganeti`` and

integrate it into your boot sequence (``chkconfig``, ``update-rc.d``,

etc.).

Cluster initialisation

----------------------

Before initialising the cluster, on each node you need to create the

following directories:

- ``/etc/ganeti``

- ``/var/lib/ganeti``

- ``/var/log/ganeti``

- ``/srv/ganeti``

- ``/srv/ganeti/os``

- ``/srv/ganeti/export``

After this, use ``gnt-cluster init``.

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