Synnefo » snf-ganeti

#

#

# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 Google Inc.

#

# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

# (at your option) any later version.

#

# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but

# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

# General Public License for more details.

#

# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA

# 02110-1301, USA.

"""Ganeti utility module.

This module holds functions that can be used in both daemons (all) and

the command line scripts.

"""

# Allow wildcard import in pylint: disable=W0401

import os

import re

import errno

import pwd

import time

import itertools

import select

import logging

import signal

from ganeti import errors

from ganeti import constants

from ganeti import compat

from ganeti import pathutils

from ganeti.utils.algo import *

from ganeti.utils.filelock import *

from ganeti.utils.hash import *

from ganeti.utils.io import *

from ganeti.utils.livelock import *

from ganeti.utils.log import *

from ganeti.utils.lvm import *

from ganeti.utils.mlock import *

from ganeti.utils.nodesetup import *

from ganeti.utils.process import *

from ganeti.utils.retry import *

from ganeti.utils.security import *

from ganeti.utils.storage import *

from ganeti.utils.text import *

from ganeti.utils.wrapper import *

from ganeti.utils.version import *

from ganeti.utils.x509 import *

_VALID_SERVICE_NAME_RE = re.compile("^[-_.a-zA-Z0-9]{1,128}$")

UUID_RE = re.compile(constants.UUID_REGEX)

def ForceDictType(target, key_types, allowed_values=None):

  """Force the values of a dict to have certain types.

  @type target: dict

  @param target: the dict to update

  @type key_types: dict

  @param key_types: dict mapping target dict keys to types

                    in constants.ENFORCEABLE_TYPES

  @type allowed_values: list

  @keyword allowed_values: list of specially allowed values

  """

  if allowed_values is None:

    allowed_values = []

  if not isinstance(target, dict):

    msg = "Expected dictionary, got '%s'" % target

    raise errors.TypeEnforcementError(msg)

  for key in target:

    if key not in key_types:

      msg = "Unknown parameter '%s'" % key

      raise errors.TypeEnforcementError(msg)

    if target[key] in allowed_values:

      continue

    ktype = key_types[key]

    if ktype not in constants.ENFORCEABLE_TYPES:

      msg = "'%s' has non-enforceable type %s" % (key, ktype)

      raise errors.ProgrammerError(msg)

    if ktype in (constants.VTYPE_STRING, constants.VTYPE_MAYBE_STRING):

      if target[key] is None and ktype == constants.VTYPE_MAYBE_STRING:

        pass

      elif not isinstance(target[key], basestring):

        if isinstance(target[key], bool) and not target[key]:

          target[key] = ""

        else:

          msg = "'%s' (value %s) is not a valid string" % (key, target[key])

          raise errors.TypeEnforcementError(msg)

    elif ktype == constants.VTYPE_BOOL:

      if isinstance(target[key], basestring) and target[key]:

        if target[key].lower() == constants.VALUE_FALSE:

          target[key] = False

        elif target[key].lower() == constants.VALUE_TRUE:

          target[key] = True

        else:

          msg = "'%s' (value %s) is not a valid boolean" % (key, target[key])

          raise errors.TypeEnforcementError(msg)

      elif target[key]:

        target[key] = True

      else:

        target[key] = False

    elif ktype == constants.VTYPE_SIZE:

      try:

        target[key] = ParseUnit(target[key])

      except errors.UnitParseError, err:

        msg = "'%s' (value %s) is not a valid size. error: %s" % \

              (key, target[key], err)

        raise errors.TypeEnforcementError(msg)

    elif ktype == constants.VTYPE_INT:

      try:

        target[key] = int(target[key])

      except (ValueError, TypeError):

        msg = "'%s' (value %s) is not a valid integer" % (key, target[key])

        raise errors.TypeEnforcementError(msg)

def ValidateServiceName(name):

  """Validate the given service name.

  @type name: number or string

  @param name: Service name or port specification

  """

  try:

    numport = int(name)

  except (ValueError, TypeError):

    # Non-numeric service name

    valid = _VALID_SERVICE_NAME_RE.match(name)

  else:

    # Numeric port (protocols other than TCP or UDP might need adjustments

    # here)

    valid = (numport >= 0 and numport < (1 << 16))

  if not valid:

    raise errors.OpPrereqError("Invalid service name '%s'" % name,

                               errors.ECODE_INVAL)

  return name

def _ComputeMissingKeys(key_path, options, defaults):

  """Helper functions to compute which keys a invalid.

  @param key_path: The current key path (if any)

  @param options: The user provided options

  @param defaults: The default dictionary

  @return: A list of invalid keys

  """

  defaults_keys = frozenset(defaults.keys())

  invalid = []

  for key, value in options.items():

    if key_path:

      new_path = "%s/%s" % (key_path, key)

    else:

      new_path = key

    if key not in defaults_keys:

      invalid.append(new_path)

    elif isinstance(value, dict):

      invalid.extend(_ComputeMissingKeys(new_path, value, defaults[key]))

  return invalid

def VerifyDictOptions(options, defaults):

  """Verify a dict has only keys set which also are in the defaults dict.

  @param options: The user provided options

  @param defaults: The default dictionary

  @raise error.OpPrereqError: If one of the keys is not supported

  """

  invalid = _ComputeMissingKeys("", options, defaults)

  if invalid:

    raise errors.OpPrereqError("Provided option keys not supported: %s" %

                               CommaJoin(invalid), errors.ECODE_INVAL)

def ListVolumeGroups():

  """List volume groups and their size

  @rtype: dict

  @return:

       Dictionary with keys volume name and values

       the size of the volume

  """

  command = "vgs --noheadings --units m --nosuffix -o name,size"

  result = RunCmd(command)

  retval = {}

  if result.failed:

    return retval

  for line in result.stdout.splitlines():

    try:

      name, size = line.split()

      size = int(float(size))

    except (IndexError, ValueError), err:

      logging.error("Invalid output from vgs (%s): %s", err, line)

      continue

    retval[name] = size

  return retval

def BridgeExists(bridge):

  """Check whether the given bridge exists in the system

  @type bridge: str

  @param bridge: the bridge name to check

  @rtype: boolean

  @return: True if it does

  """

  return os.path.isdir("/sys/class/net/%s/bridge" % bridge)

def TryConvert(fn, val):

  """Try to convert a value ignoring errors.

  This function tries to apply function I{fn} to I{val}. If no

  C{ValueError} or C{TypeError} exceptions are raised, it will return

  the result, else it will return the original value. Any other

  exceptions are propagated to the caller.

  @type fn: callable

  @param fn: function to apply to the value

  @param val: the value to be converted

  @return: The converted value if the conversion was successful,

      otherwise the original value.

  """

  try:

    nv = fn(val)

  except (ValueError, TypeError):

    nv = val

  return nv

def ParseCpuMask(cpu_mask):

  """Parse a CPU mask definition and return the list of CPU IDs.

  CPU mask format: comma-separated list of CPU IDs

  or dash-separated ID ranges

  Example: "0-2,5" -> "0,1,2,5"

  @type cpu_mask: str

  @param cpu_mask: CPU mask definition

  @rtype: list of int

  @return: list of CPU IDs

  """

  if not cpu_mask:

    return []

  cpu_list = []

  for range_def in cpu_mask.split(","):

    boundaries = range_def.split("-")

    n_elements = len(boundaries)

    if n_elements > 2:

      raise errors.ParseError("Invalid CPU ID range definition"

                              " (only one hyphen allowed): %s" % range_def)

    try:

      lower = int(boundaries[0])

    except (ValueError, TypeError), err:

      raise errors.ParseError("Invalid CPU ID value for lower boundary of"

                              " CPU ID range: %s" % str(err))

    try:

      higher = int(boundaries[-1])

    except (ValueError, TypeError), err:

      raise errors.ParseError("Invalid CPU ID value for higher boundary of"

                              " CPU ID range: %s" % str(err))

    if lower > higher:

      raise errors.ParseError("Invalid CPU ID range definition"

                              " (%d > %d): %s" % (lower, higher, range_def))

    cpu_list.extend(range(lower, higher + 1))

  return cpu_list

def ParseMultiCpuMask(cpu_mask):

  """Parse a multiple CPU mask definition and return the list of CPU IDs.

  CPU mask format: colon-separated list of comma-separated list of CPU IDs

  or dash-separated ID ranges, with optional "all" as CPU value

  Example: "0-2,5:all:1,5,6:2" -> [ [ 0,1,2,5 ], [ -1 ], [ 1, 5, 6 ], [ 2 ] ]

  @type cpu_mask: str

  @param cpu_mask: multiple CPU mask definition

  @rtype: list of lists of int

  @return: list of lists of CPU IDs

  """

  if not cpu_mask:

    return []

  cpu_list = []

  for range_def in cpu_mask.split(constants.CPU_PINNING_SEP):

    if range_def == constants.CPU_PINNING_ALL:

      cpu_list.append([constants.CPU_PINNING_ALL_VAL, ])

    else:

      # Uniquify and sort the list before adding

      cpu_list.append(sorted(set(ParseCpuMask(range_def))))

  return cpu_list

def GetHomeDir(user, default=None):

  """Try to get the homedir of the given user.

  The user can be passed either as a string (denoting the name) or as

  an integer (denoting the user id). If the user is not found, the

  C{default} argument is returned, which defaults to C{None}.

  """

  try:

    if isinstance(user, basestring):

      result = pwd.getpwnam(user)

    elif isinstance(user, (int, long)):

      result = pwd.getpwuid(user)

    else:

      raise errors.ProgrammerError("Invalid type passed to GetHomeDir (%s)" %

                                   type(user))

  except KeyError:

    return default

  return result.pw_dir

def FirstFree(seq, base=0):

  """Returns the first non-existing integer from seq.

  The seq argument should be a sorted list of positive integers. The

  first time the index of an element is smaller than the element

  value, the index will be returned.

  The base argument is used to start at a different offset,

  i.e. C{[3, 4, 6]} with I{offset=3} will return 5.

  Example: C{[0, 1, 3]} will return I{2}.

  @type seq: sequence

  @param seq: the sequence to be analyzed.

  @type base: int

  @param base: use this value as the base index of the sequence

  @rtype: int

  @return: the first non-used index in the sequence

  """

  for idx, elem in enumerate(seq):

    assert elem >= base, "Passed element is higher than base offset"

    if elem > idx + base:

      # idx is not used

      return idx + base

  return None

def SingleWaitForFdCondition(fdobj, event, timeout):

  """Waits for a condition to occur on the socket.

  Immediately returns at the first interruption.

  @type fdobj: integer or object supporting a fileno() method

  @param fdobj: entity to wait for events on

  @type event: integer

  @param event: ORed condition (see select module)

  @type timeout: float or None

  @param timeout: Timeout in seconds

  @rtype: int or None

  @return: None for timeout, otherwise occured conditions

  """

  check = (event | select.POLLPRI |

           select.POLLNVAL | select.POLLHUP | select.POLLERR)

  if timeout is not None:

    # Poller object expects milliseconds

    timeout *= 1000

  poller = select.poll()

  poller.register(fdobj, event)

  try:

    # TODO: If the main thread receives a signal and we have no timeout, we

    # could wait forever. This should check a global "quit" flag or something

    # every so often.

    io_events = poller.poll(timeout)

  except select.error, err:

    if err[0] != errno.EINTR:

      raise

    io_events = []

  if io_events and io_events[0][1] & check:

    return io_events[0][1]

  else:

    return None

class FdConditionWaiterHelper(object):

  """Retry helper for WaitForFdCondition.

  This class contains the retried and wait functions that make sure

  WaitForFdCondition can continue waiting until the timeout is actually

  expired.

  """

  def __init__(self, timeout):

    self.timeout = timeout

  def Poll(self, fdobj, event):

    result = SingleWaitForFdCondition(fdobj, event, self.timeout)

    if result is None:

      raise RetryAgain()

    else:

      return result

  def UpdateTimeout(self, timeout):

    self.timeout = timeout

def WaitForFdCondition(fdobj, event, timeout):

  """Waits for a condition to occur on the socket.

  Retries until the timeout is expired, even if interrupted.

  @type fdobj: integer or object supporting a fileno() method

  @param fdobj: entity to wait for events on

  @type event: integer

  @param event: ORed condition (see select module)

  @type timeout: float or None

  @param timeout: Timeout in seconds

  @rtype: int or None

  @return: None for timeout, otherwise occured conditions

  """

  if timeout is not None:

    retrywaiter = FdConditionWaiterHelper(timeout)

    try:

      result = Retry(retrywaiter.Poll, RETRY_REMAINING_TIME, timeout,

                     args=(fdobj, event), wait_fn=retrywaiter.UpdateTimeout)

    except RetryTimeout:

      result = None

  else:

    result = None

    while result is None:

      result = SingleWaitForFdCondition(fdobj, event, timeout)

  return result

def EnsureDaemon(name):

  """Check for and start daemon if not alive.

  """

  result = RunCmd([pathutils.DAEMON_UTIL, "check-and-start", name])

  if result.failed:

    logging.error("Can't start daemon '%s', failure %s, output: %s",

                  name, result.fail_reason, result.output)

    return False

  return True

def StopDaemon(name):

  """Stop daemon

  """

  result = RunCmd([pathutils.DAEMON_UTIL, "stop", name])

  if result.failed:

    logging.error("Can't stop daemon '%s', failure %s, output: %s",

                  name, result.fail_reason, result.output)

    return False

  return True

def SplitTime(value):

  """Splits time as floating point number into a tuple.

  @param value: Time in seconds

  @type value: int or float

  @return: Tuple containing (seconds, microseconds)

  """

  (seconds, microseconds) = divmod(int(value * 1000000), 1000000)

  assert 0 <= seconds, \

    "Seconds must be larger than or equal to 0, but are %s" % seconds

  assert 0 <= microseconds <= 999999, \

    "Microseconds must be 0-999999, but are %s" % microseconds

  return (int(seconds), int(microseconds))

def MergeTime(timetuple):

  """Merges a tuple into time as a floating point number.

  @param timetuple: Time as tuple, (seconds, microseconds)

  @type timetuple: tuple

  @return: Time as a floating point number expressed in seconds

  """

  (seconds, microseconds) = timetuple

  assert 0 <= seconds, \

    "Seconds must be larger than or equal to 0, but are %s" % seconds

  assert 0 <= microseconds <= 999999, \

    "Microseconds must be 0-999999, but are %s" % microseconds

  return float(seconds) + (float(microseconds) * 0.000001)

def EpochNano():

  """Return the current timestamp expressed as number of nanoseconds since the

  unix epoch

  @return: nanoseconds since the Unix epoch

  """

  return int(time.time() * 1000000000)

def FindMatch(data, name):

  """Tries to find an item in a dictionary matching a name.

  Callers have to ensure the data names aren't contradictory (e.g. a regexp

  that matches a string). If the name isn't a direct key, all regular

  expression objects in the dictionary are matched against it.

  @type data: dict

  @param data: Dictionary containing data

  @type name: string

  @param name: Name to look for

  @rtype: tuple; (value in dictionary, matched groups as list)

  """

  if name in data:

    return (data[name], [])

  for key, value in data.items():

    # Regex objects

    if hasattr(key, "match"):

      m = key.match(name)

      if m:

        return (value, list(m.groups()))

  return None

def GetMounts(filename=constants.PROC_MOUNTS):

  """Returns the list of mounted filesystems.

  This function is Linux-specific.

  @param filename: path of mounts file (/proc/mounts by default)

  @rtype: list of tuples

  @return: list of mount entries (device, mountpoint, fstype, options)

  """

  # TODO(iustin): investigate non-Linux options (e.g. via mount output)

  data = []

  mountlines = ReadFile(filename).splitlines()

  for line in mountlines:

    device, mountpoint, fstype, options, _ = line.split(None, 4)

    data.append((device, mountpoint, fstype, options))

  return data

def SignalHandled(signums):

  """Signal Handled decoration.

  This special decorator installs a signal handler and then calls the target

  function. The function must accept a 'signal_handlers' keyword argument,

  which will contain a dict indexed by signal number, with SignalHandler

  objects as values.

  The decorator can be safely stacked with iself, to handle multiple signals

  with different handlers.

  @type signums: list

  @param signums: signals to intercept

  """

  def wrap(fn):

    def sig_function(*args, **kwargs):

      assert "signal_handlers" not in kwargs or \

             kwargs["signal_handlers"] is None or \

             isinstance(kwargs["signal_handlers"], dict), \

             "Wrong signal_handlers parameter in original function call"

      if "signal_handlers" in kwargs and kwargs["signal_handlers"] is not None:

        signal_handlers = kwargs["signal_handlers"]

      else:

        signal_handlers = {}

        kwargs["signal_handlers"] = signal_handlers

      sighandler = SignalHandler(signums)

      try:

        for sig in signums:

          signal_handlers[sig] = sighandler

        return fn(*args, **kwargs)

      finally:

        sighandler.Reset()

    return sig_function

  return wrap

def TimeoutExpired(epoch, timeout, _time_fn=time.time):

  """Checks whether a timeout has expired.

  """

  return _time_fn() > (epoch + timeout)

class SignalWakeupFd(object):

  try:

    # This is only supported in Python 2.5 and above (some distributions

    # backported it to Python 2.4)

    _set_wakeup_fd_fn = signal.set_wakeup_fd

  except AttributeError:

    # Not supported

    def _SetWakeupFd(self, _): # pylint: disable=R0201

      return -1

  else:

    def _SetWakeupFd(self, fd):

      return self._set_wakeup_fd_fn(fd)

  def __init__(self):

    """Initializes this class.

    """

    (read_fd, write_fd) = os.pipe()

    # Once these succeeded, the file descriptors will be closed automatically.

    # Buffer size 0 is important, otherwise .read() with a specified length

    # might buffer data and the file descriptors won't be marked readable.

    self._read_fh = os.fdopen(read_fd, "r", 0)

    self._write_fh = os.fdopen(write_fd, "w", 0)

    self._previous = self._SetWakeupFd(self._write_fh.fileno())

    # Utility functions

    self.fileno = self._read_fh.fileno

    self.read = self._read_fh.read

  def Reset(self):

    """Restores the previous wakeup file descriptor.

    """

    if hasattr(self, "_previous") and self._previous is not None:

      self._SetWakeupFd(self._previous)

      self._previous = None

  def Notify(self):

    """Notifies the wakeup file descriptor.

    """

    self._write_fh.write(chr(0))

  def __del__(self):

    """Called before object deletion.

    """

    self.Reset()

class SignalHandler(object):

  """Generic signal handler class.

  It automatically restores the original handler when deconstructed or

  when L{Reset} is called. You can either pass your own handler

  function in or query the L{called} attribute to detect whether the

  signal was sent.

  @type signum: list

  @ivar signum: the signals we handle

  @type called: boolean

  @ivar called: tracks whether any of the signals have been raised

  """

  def __init__(self, signum, handler_fn=None, wakeup=None):

    """Constructs a new SignalHandler instance.

    @type signum: int or list of ints

    @param signum: Single signal number or set of signal numbers

    @type handler_fn: callable

    @param handler_fn: Signal handling function

    """

    assert handler_fn is None or callable(handler_fn)

    self.signum = set(signum)

    self.called = False

    self._handler_fn = handler_fn

    self._wakeup = wakeup

    self._previous = {}

    try:

      for signum in self.signum:

        # Setup handler

        prev_handler = signal.signal(signum, self._HandleSignal)

        try:

          self._previous[signum] = prev_handler

        except:

          # Restore previous handler

          signal.signal(signum, prev_handler)

          raise

    except:

      # Reset all handlers

      self.Reset()

      # Here we have a race condition: a handler may have already been called,

      # but there's not much we can do about it at this point.

      raise

  def __del__(self):

    self.Reset()

  def Reset(self):

    """Restore previous handler.

    This will reset all the signals to their previous handlers.

    """

    for signum, prev_handler in self._previous.items():

      signal.signal(signum, prev_handler)

      # If successful, remove from dict

      del self._previous[signum]

  def Clear(self):

    """Unsets the L{called} flag.

    This function can be used in case a signal may arrive several times.

    """

    self.called = False

  def _HandleSignal(self, signum, frame):

    """Actual signal handling function.

    """

    # This is not nice and not absolutely atomic, but it appears to be the only

    # solution in Python -- there are no atomic types.

    self.called = True

    if self._wakeup:

      # Notify whoever is interested in signals

      self._wakeup.Notify()

    if self._handler_fn:

      self._handler_fn(signum, frame)

class FieldSet(object):

  """A simple field set.

  Among the features are:

    - checking if a string is among a list of static string or regex objects

    - checking if a whole list of string matches

    - returning the matching groups from a regex match

  Internally, all fields are held as regular expression objects.

  """

  def __init__(self, *items):

    self.items = [re.compile("^%s$" % value) for value in items]

  def Extend(self, other_set):

    """Extend the field set with the items from another one"""

    self.items.extend(other_set.items)

  def Matches(self, field):

    """Checks if a field matches the current set

    @type field: str

    @param field: the string to match

    @return: either None or a regular expression match object

    """

    for m in itertools.ifilter(None, (val.match(field) for val in self.items)):

      return m

    return None

  def NonMatching(self, items):

    """Returns the list of fields not matching the current set

    @type items: list

    @param items: the list of fields to check

    @rtype: list

    @return: list of non-matching fields

    """

    return [val for val in items if not self.Matches(val)]

def ValidateDeviceNames(kind, container):

  """Validate instance device names.

  Check that a device container contains only unique and valid names.

  @type kind: string

  @param kind: One-word item description

  @type container: list

  @param container: Container containing the devices

  """

  valid = []

  for device in container:

    if isinstance(device, dict):

      if kind == "NIC":

        name = device.get(constants.INIC_NAME, None)

      elif kind == "disk":

        name = device.get(constants.IDISK_NAME, None)

      else:

        raise errors.OpPrereqError("Invalid container kind '%s'" % kind,

                                   errors.ECODE_INVAL)

    else:

      name = device.name

      # Check that a device name is not the UUID of another device

      valid.append(device.uuid)

    try:

      int(name)

    except (ValueError, TypeError):

      pass

    else:

      raise errors.OpPrereqError("Invalid name '%s'. Purely numeric %s names"

                                 " are not allowed" % (name, kind),

                                 errors.ECODE_INVAL)

    if name is not None and name.lower() != constants.VALUE_NONE:

      if name in valid:

        raise errors.OpPrereqError("%s name '%s' already used" % (kind, name),

                                   errors.ECODE_NOTUNIQUE)

      else:

        valid.append(name)