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{-# LANGUAGE ParallelListComp, TemplateHaskell #-}

{-| TemplateHaskell helper for Ganeti Haskell code.

As TemplateHaskell require that splices be defined in a separate

module, we combine all the TemplateHaskell functionality that HTools

needs in this module (except the one for unittests).

-}

{-

Copyright (C) 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Google Inc.

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify

it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by

the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or

(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but

WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software

Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA

02110-1301, USA.

-}

module Ganeti.THH ( declareSADT

                  , declareLADT

                  , declareILADT

                  , declareIADT

                  , makeJSONInstance

                  , deCamelCase

                  , genOpID

                  , genAllConstr

                  , genAllOpIDs

                  , PyValue(..)

                  , PyValueEx(..)

                  , OpCodeField(..)

                  , OpCodeDescriptor(..)

                  , genOpCode

                  , genStrOfOp

                  , genStrOfKey

                  , genLuxiOp

                  , Field (..)

                  , simpleField

                  , specialNumericalField

                  , timeAsDoubleField

                  , withDoc

                  , defaultField

                  , optionalField

                  , optionalNullSerField

                  , renameField

                  , customField

                  , timeStampFields

                  , uuidFields

                  , serialFields

                  , tagsFields

                  , TagSet

                  , buildObject

                  , buildObjectSerialisation

                  , buildParam

                  , DictObject(..)

                  , genException

                  , excErrMsg

                  ) where

import Control.Arrow ((&&&))

import Control.Applicative

import Control.Monad

import Data.Attoparsec () -- Needed to prevent spurious GHC 7.4 linking errors.

  -- See issue #683 and https://ghc.haskell.org/trac/ghc/ticket/4899

import Data.Char

import Data.List

import Data.Maybe

import qualified Data.Set as Set

import Language.Haskell.TH

import System.Time (ClockTime(..))

import qualified Text.JSON as JSON

import Text.JSON.Pretty (pp_value)

import Ganeti.JSON

import Ganeti.PyValue

import Ganeti.THH.PyType

-- * Exported types

-- | Class of objects that can be converted to 'JSObject'

-- lists-format.

class DictObject a where

  toDict :: a -> [(String, JSON.JSValue)]

-- | Optional field information.

data OptionalType

  = NotOptional           -- ^ Field is not optional

  | OptionalOmitNull      -- ^ Field is optional, null is not serialised

  | OptionalSerializeNull -- ^ Field is optional, null is serialised

  deriving (Show, Eq)

-- | Serialised field data type describing how to generate code for the field.

-- Each field has a type, which isn't captured in the type of the data type,

-- but is saved in the 'Q' monad in 'fieldType'.

--

-- Let @t@ be a type we want to parametrize the field with. There are the

-- following possible types of fields:

--

--   [Mandatory with no default.] Then @fieldType@ holds @t@,

--     @fieldDefault = Nothing@ and @fieldIsOptional = NotOptional@.

--

--   [Field with a default value.] Then @fieldType@ holds @t@ and

--     @fieldDefault = Just exp@ where @exp@ is an expression of type @t@ and

--    @fieldIsOptional = NotOptional@.

--

--   [Optional, no default value.] Then @fieldType@ holds @Maybe t@,

--     @fieldDefault = Nothing@ and @fieldIsOptional@ is either

--     'OptionalOmitNull' or 'OptionalSerializeNull'.

--

-- Optional fields with a default value are prohibited, as their main

-- intention is to represent the information that a request didn't contain

-- the field data.

--

-- /Custom (de)serialization:/

-- Field can have custom (de)serialization functions that are stored in

-- 'fieldRead' and 'fieldShow'. If they aren't provided, the default is to use

-- 'readJSON' and 'showJSON' for the field's type @t@. If they are provided,

-- the type of the contained deserializing expression must be

--

-- @

--   [(String, JSON.JSValue)] -> JSON.JSValue -> JSON.Result t

-- @

--

-- where the first argument carries the whole record in the case the

-- deserializing function needs to process additional information.

--

-- The type of the contained serializing experssion must be

--

-- @

--   t -> (JSON.JSValue, [(String, JSON.JSValue)])

-- @

--

-- where the result can provide extra JSON fields to include in the output

-- record (or just return @[]@ if they're not needed).

--

-- Note that for optional fields the type appearing in the custom functions

-- is still @t@. Therefore making a field optional doesn't change the

-- functions.

data Field = Field { fieldName        :: String

                   , fieldType        :: Q Type

                     -- ^ the type of the field, @t@ for non-optional fields,

                     -- @Maybe t@ for optional ones.

                   , fieldRead        :: Maybe (Q Exp)

                     -- ^ an optional custom deserialization function of type

                     -- @[(String, JSON.JSValue)] -> JSON.JSValue ->

                     -- JSON.Result t@

                   , fieldShow        :: Maybe (Q Exp)

                     -- ^ an optional custom serialization function of type

                     -- @t -> (JSON.JSValue, [(String, JSON.JSValue)])@

                   , fieldExtraKeys   :: [String]

                   , fieldDefault     :: Maybe (Q Exp)

                     -- ^ an optional default value of type @t@

                   , fieldConstr      :: Maybe String

                   , fieldIsOptional  :: OptionalType

                     -- ^ determines if a field is optional, and if yes,

                     -- how

                   , fieldDoc         :: String

                   }

-- | Generates a simple field.

simpleField :: String -> Q Type -> Field

simpleField fname ftype =

  Field { fieldName        = fname

        , fieldType        = ftype

        , fieldRead        = Nothing

        , fieldShow        = Nothing

        , fieldExtraKeys   = []

        , fieldDefault     = Nothing

        , fieldConstr      = Nothing

        , fieldIsOptional  = NotOptional

        , fieldDoc         = ""

        }

withDoc :: String -> Field -> Field

withDoc doc field =

  field { fieldDoc = doc }

-- | Sets the renamed constructor field.

renameField :: String -> Field -> Field

renameField constrName field = field { fieldConstr = Just constrName }

-- | Sets the default value on a field (makes it optional with a

-- default value).

defaultField :: Q Exp -> Field -> Field

defaultField defval field = field { fieldDefault = Just defval }

-- | Marks a field optional (turning its base type into a Maybe).

optionalField :: Field -> Field

optionalField field = field { fieldIsOptional = OptionalOmitNull }

-- | Marks a field optional (turning its base type into a Maybe), but

-- with 'Nothing' serialised explicitly as /null/.

optionalNullSerField :: Field -> Field

optionalNullSerField field = field { fieldIsOptional = OptionalSerializeNull }

-- | Wrapper around a special parse function, suitable as field-parsing

-- function.

numericalReadFn :: JSON.JSON a => (String -> JSON.Result a)

                   -> [(String, JSON.JSValue)] -> JSON.JSValue -> JSON.Result a

numericalReadFn _ _ v@(JSON.JSRational _ _) = JSON.readJSON v

numericalReadFn f _ (JSON.JSString x) = f $ JSON.fromJSString x

numericalReadFn _ _ _ = JSON.Error "A numerical field has to be a number or\ 

                                   \ a string."

-- | Sets the read function to also accept string parsable by the given

-- function.

specialNumericalField :: Name -> Field -> Field

specialNumericalField f field =

     field { fieldRead = Just (appE (varE 'numericalReadFn) (varE f)) }

-- | Creates a new mandatory field that reads time as the (floating point)

-- number of seconds since the standard UNIX epoch, and represents it in

-- Haskell as 'ClockTime'.

timeAsDoubleField :: String -> Field

timeAsDoubleField fname =

  (simpleField fname [t| ClockTime |])

    { fieldRead = Just $ [| \_ -> liftM unTimeAsDoubleJSON . JSON.readJSON |]

    , fieldShow = Just $ [| \c -> (JSON.showJSON $ TimeAsDoubleJSON c, []) |]

    }

-- | Sets custom functions on a field.

customField :: Name      -- ^ The name of the read function

            -> Name      -- ^ The name of the show function

            -> [String]  -- ^ The name of extra field keys

            -> Field     -- ^ The original field

            -> Field     -- ^ Updated field

customField readfn showfn extra field =

  field { fieldRead = Just (varE readfn), fieldShow = Just (varE showfn)

        , fieldExtraKeys = extra }

-- | Computes the record name for a given field, based on either the

-- string value in the JSON serialisation or the custom named if any

-- exists.

fieldRecordName :: Field -> String

fieldRecordName (Field { fieldName = name, fieldConstr = alias }) =

  fromMaybe (camelCase name) alias

-- | Computes the preferred variable name to use for the value of this

-- field. If the field has a specific constructor name, then we use a

-- first-letter-lowercased version of that; otherwise, we simply use

-- the field name. See also 'fieldRecordName'.

fieldVariable :: Field -> String

fieldVariable f =

  case (fieldConstr f) of

    Just name -> ensureLower name

    _ -> map (\c -> if c == '-' then '_' else c) $ fieldName f

-- | Compute the actual field type (taking into account possible

-- optional status).

actualFieldType :: Field -> Q Type

actualFieldType f | fieldIsOptional f /= NotOptional = [t| Maybe $t |]

                  | otherwise = t

                  where t = fieldType f

-- | Checks that a given field is not optional (for object types or

-- fields which should not allow this case).

checkNonOptDef :: (Monad m) => Field -> m ()

checkNonOptDef (Field { fieldIsOptional = OptionalOmitNull

                      , fieldName = name }) =

  fail $ "Optional field " ++ name ++ " used in parameter declaration"

checkNonOptDef (Field { fieldIsOptional = OptionalSerializeNull

                      , fieldName = name }) =

  fail $ "Optional field " ++ name ++ " used in parameter declaration"

checkNonOptDef (Field { fieldDefault = (Just _), fieldName = name }) =

  fail $ "Default field " ++ name ++ " used in parameter declaration"

checkNonOptDef _ = return ()

-- | Construct a function that parses a field value. If the field has

-- a custom 'fieldRead', it's applied to @o@ and used. Otherwise

-- @JSON.readJSON@ is used.

parseFn :: Field   -- ^ The field definition

        -> Q Exp   -- ^ The entire object in JSON object format

        -> Q Exp   -- ^ The resulting function that parses a JSON message

parseFn field o

  = maybe [| readJSONWithDesc $(stringE $ fieldName field) False |]

          (`appE` o) (fieldRead field)

-- | Produces the expression that will de-serialise a given

-- field. Since some custom parsing functions might need to use the

-- entire object, we do take and pass the object to any custom read

-- functions.

loadFn :: Field   -- ^ The field definition

       -> Q Exp   -- ^ The value of the field as existing in the JSON message

       -> Q Exp   -- ^ The entire object in JSON object format

       -> Q Exp   -- ^ Resulting expression

loadFn field expr o = [| $expr >>= $(parseFn field o) |]

-- | Just as 'loadFn', but for optional fields.

loadFnOpt :: Field   -- ^ The field definition

          -> Q Exp   -- ^ The value of the field as existing in the JSON message

                     -- as Maybe

          -> Q Exp   -- ^ The entire object in JSON object format

          -> Q Exp   -- ^ Resulting expression

loadFnOpt field@(Field { fieldDefault = Just def }) expr o

  = case fieldIsOptional field of

      NotOptional -> [| $expr >>= maybe (return $def) $(parseFn field o) |]

      _           -> fail $ "Field " ++ fieldName field ++ ":\

                            \ A field can't be optional and\

                            \ have a default value at the same time."

loadFnOpt field expr o

  = [| $expr >>= maybe (return Nothing) (liftM Just . $(parseFn field o)) |]

-- * Common field declarations

-- | Timestamp fields description.

timeStampFields :: [Field]

timeStampFields = map (defaultField [| TOD 0 0 |] . timeAsDoubleField)

                      ["ctime", "mtime"]

-- | Serial number fields description.

serialFields :: [Field]

serialFields =

    [ renameField  "Serial" $ simpleField "serial_no" [t| Int |] ]

-- | UUID fields description.

uuidFields :: [Field]

uuidFields = [ simpleField "uuid" [t| String |] ]

-- | Tag set type alias.

type TagSet = Set.Set String

-- | Tag field description.

tagsFields :: [Field]

tagsFields = [ defaultField [| Set.empty |] $

               simpleField "tags" [t| TagSet |] ]

-- * Internal types

-- | A simple field, in constrast to the customisable 'Field' type.

type SimpleField = (String, Q Type)

-- | A definition for a single constructor for a simple object.

type SimpleConstructor = (String, [SimpleField])

-- | A definition for ADTs with simple fields.

type SimpleObject = [SimpleConstructor]

-- | A type alias for an opcode constructor of a regular object.

type OpCodeConstructor = (String, Q Type, String, [Field], String)

-- | A type alias for a Luxi constructor of a regular object.

type LuxiConstructor = (String, [Field])

-- * Helper functions

-- | Ensure first letter is lowercase.

--

-- Used to convert type name to function prefix, e.g. in @data Aa ->

-- aaToRaw@.

ensureLower :: String -> String

ensureLower [] = []

ensureLower (x:xs) = toLower x:xs

-- | Ensure first letter is uppercase.

--

-- Used to convert constructor name to component

ensureUpper :: String -> String

ensureUpper [] = []

ensureUpper (x:xs) = toUpper x:xs

-- | Helper for quoted expressions.

varNameE :: String -> Q Exp

varNameE = varE . mkName

-- | showJSON as an expression, for reuse.

showJSONE :: Q Exp

showJSONE = varE 'JSON.showJSON

-- | makeObj as an expression, for reuse.

makeObjE :: Q Exp

makeObjE = varE 'JSON.makeObj

-- | fromObj (Ganeti specific) as an expression, for reuse.

fromObjE :: Q Exp

fromObjE = varE 'fromObj

-- | ToRaw function name.

toRawName :: String -> Name

toRawName = mkName . (++ "ToRaw") . ensureLower

-- | FromRaw function name.

fromRawName :: String -> Name

fromRawName = mkName . (++ "FromRaw") . ensureLower

-- | Converts a name to it's varE\/litE representations.

reprE :: Either String Name -> Q Exp

reprE = either stringE varE

-- | Smarter function application.

--

-- This does simply f x, except that if is 'id', it will skip it, in

-- order to generate more readable code when using -ddump-splices.

appFn :: Exp -> Exp -> Exp

appFn f x | f == VarE 'id = x

          | otherwise = AppE f x

-- | Builds a field for a normal constructor.

buildConsField :: Q Type -> StrictTypeQ

buildConsField ftype = do

  ftype' <- ftype

  return (NotStrict, ftype')

-- | Builds a constructor based on a simple definition (not field-based).

buildSimpleCons :: Name -> SimpleObject -> Q Dec

buildSimpleCons tname cons = do

  decl_d <- mapM (\(cname, fields) -> do

                    fields' <- mapM (buildConsField . snd) fields

                    return $ NormalC (mkName cname) fields') cons

  return $ DataD [] tname [] decl_d [''Show, ''Eq]

-- | Generate the save function for a given type.

genSaveSimpleObj :: Name                            -- ^ Object type

                 -> String                          -- ^ Function name

                 -> SimpleObject                    -- ^ Object definition

                 -> (SimpleConstructor -> Q Clause) -- ^ Constructor save fn

                 -> Q (Dec, Dec)

genSaveSimpleObj tname sname opdefs fn = do

  let sigt = AppT (AppT ArrowT (ConT tname)) (ConT ''JSON.JSValue)

      fname = mkName sname

  cclauses <- mapM fn opdefs

  return $ (SigD fname sigt, FunD fname cclauses)

-- * Template code for simple raw type-equivalent ADTs

-- | Generates a data type declaration.

--

-- The type will have a fixed list of instances.

strADTDecl :: Name -> [String] -> Dec

strADTDecl name constructors =

  DataD [] name []

          (map (flip NormalC [] . mkName) constructors)

          [''Show, ''Eq, ''Enum, ''Bounded, ''Ord]

-- | Generates a toRaw function.

--

-- This generates a simple function of the form:

--

-- @

-- nameToRaw :: Name -> /traw/

-- nameToRaw Cons1 = var1

-- nameToRaw Cons2 = \"value2\"

-- @

genToRaw :: Name -> Name -> Name -> [(String, Either String Name)] -> Q [Dec]

genToRaw traw fname tname constructors = do

  let sigt = AppT (AppT ArrowT (ConT tname)) (ConT traw)

  -- the body clauses, matching on the constructor and returning the

  -- raw value

  clauses <- mapM  (\(c, v) -> clause [recP (mkName c) []]

                             (normalB (reprE v)) []) constructors

  return [SigD fname sigt, FunD fname clauses]

-- | Generates a fromRaw function.

--

-- The function generated is monadic and can fail parsing the

-- raw value. It is of the form:

--

-- @

-- nameFromRaw :: (Monad m) => /traw/ -> m Name

-- nameFromRaw s | s == var1       = Cons1

--               | s == \"value2\" = Cons2

--               | otherwise = fail /.../

-- @

genFromRaw :: Name -> Name -> Name -> [(String, Either String Name)] -> Q [Dec]

genFromRaw traw fname tname constructors = do

  -- signature of form (Monad m) => String -> m $name

  sigt <- [t| (Monad m) => $(conT traw) -> m $(conT tname) |]

  -- clauses for a guarded pattern

  let varp = mkName "s"

      varpe = varE varp

  clauses <- mapM (\(c, v) -> do

                     -- the clause match condition

                     g <- normalG [| $varpe == $(reprE v) |]

                     -- the clause result

                     r <- [| return $(conE (mkName c)) |]

                     return (g, r)) constructors

  -- the otherwise clause (fallback)

  oth_clause <- do

    g <- normalG [| otherwise |]

    r <- [|fail ("Invalid string value for type " ++

                 $(litE (stringL (nameBase tname))) ++ ": " ++ show $varpe) |]

    return (g, r)

  let fun = FunD fname [Clause [VarP varp]

                        (GuardedB (clauses++[oth_clause])) []]

  return [SigD fname sigt, fun]

-- | Generates a data type from a given raw format.

--

-- The format is expected to multiline. The first line contains the

-- type name, and the rest of the lines must contain two words: the

-- constructor name and then the string representation of the

-- respective constructor.

--

-- The function will generate the data type declaration, and then two

-- functions:

--

-- * /name/ToRaw, which converts the type to a raw type

--

-- * /name/FromRaw, which (monadically) converts from a raw type to the type

--

-- Note that this is basically just a custom show\/read instance,

-- nothing else.

declareADT

  :: (a -> Either String Name) -> Name -> String -> [(String, a)] -> Q [Dec]

declareADT fn traw sname cons = do

  let name = mkName sname

      ddecl = strADTDecl name (map fst cons)

      -- process cons in the format expected by genToRaw

      cons' = map (\(a, b) -> (a, fn b)) cons

  toraw <- genToRaw traw (toRawName sname) name cons'

  fromraw <- genFromRaw traw (fromRawName sname) name cons'

  return $ ddecl:toraw ++ fromraw

declareLADT :: Name -> String -> [(String, String)] -> Q [Dec]

declareLADT = declareADT Left

declareILADT :: String -> [(String, Int)] -> Q [Dec]

declareILADT sname cons = do

  consNames <- sequence [ newName ('_':n) | (n, _) <- cons ]

  consFns <- concat <$> sequence

             [ do sig <- sigD n [t| Int |]

                  let expr = litE (IntegerL (toInteger i))

                  fn <- funD n [clause [] (normalB expr) []]

                  return [sig, fn]

             | n <- consNames

             | (_, i) <- cons ]

  let cons' = [ (n, n') | (n, _) <- cons | n' <- consNames ]

  (consFns ++) <$> declareADT Right ''Int sname cons'

declareIADT :: String -> [(String, Name)] -> Q [Dec]

declareIADT = declareADT Right ''Int

declareSADT :: String -> [(String, Name)] -> Q [Dec]

declareSADT = declareADT Right ''String

-- | Creates the showJSON member of a JSON instance declaration.

--

-- This will create what is the equivalent of:

--

-- @

-- showJSON = showJSON . /name/ToRaw

-- @

--

-- in an instance JSON /name/ declaration

genShowJSON :: String -> Q Dec

genShowJSON name = do

  body <- [| JSON.showJSON . $(varE (toRawName name)) |]

  return $ FunD 'JSON.showJSON [Clause [] (NormalB body) []]

-- | Creates the readJSON member of a JSON instance declaration.

--

-- This will create what is the equivalent of:

--

-- @

-- readJSON s = case readJSON s of

--                Ok s' -> /name/FromRaw s'

--                Error e -> Error /description/

-- @

--

-- in an instance JSON /name/ declaration

genReadJSON :: String -> Q Dec

genReadJSON name = do

  let s = mkName "s"

  body <- [| $(varE (fromRawName name)) =<<

             readJSONWithDesc $(stringE name) True $(varE s) |]

  return $ FunD 'JSON.readJSON [Clause [VarP s] (NormalB body) []]

-- | Generates a JSON instance for a given type.

--

-- This assumes that the /name/ToRaw and /name/FromRaw functions

-- have been defined as by the 'declareSADT' function.

makeJSONInstance :: Name -> Q [Dec]

makeJSONInstance name = do

  let base = nameBase name

  showJ <- genShowJSON base

  readJ <- genReadJSON base

  return [InstanceD [] (AppT (ConT ''JSON.JSON) (ConT name)) [readJ,showJ]]

-- * Template code for opcodes

-- | Transforms a CamelCase string into an_underscore_based_one.

deCamelCase :: String -> String

deCamelCase =

    intercalate "_" . map (map toUpper) . groupBy (\_ b -> not $ isUpper b)

-- | Transform an underscore_name into a CamelCase one.

camelCase :: String -> String

camelCase = concatMap (ensureUpper . drop 1) .

            groupBy (\_ b -> b /= '_' && b /= '-') . ('_':)

-- | Computes the name of a given constructor.

constructorName :: Con -> Q Name

constructorName (NormalC name _) = return name

constructorName (RecC name _)    = return name

constructorName x                = fail $ "Unhandled constructor " ++ show x

-- | Extract all constructor names from a given type.

reifyConsNames :: Name -> Q [String]

reifyConsNames name = do

  reify_result <- reify name

  case reify_result of

    TyConI (DataD _ _ _ cons _) -> mapM (liftM nameBase . constructorName) cons

    o -> fail $ "Unhandled name passed to reifyConsNames, expected\

                \ type constructor but got '" ++ show o ++ "'"

-- | Builds the generic constructor-to-string function.

--

-- This generates a simple function of the following form:

--

-- @

-- fname (ConStructorOne {}) = trans_fun("ConStructorOne")

-- fname (ConStructorTwo {}) = trans_fun("ConStructorTwo")

-- @

--

-- This builds a custom list of name\/string pairs and then uses

-- 'genToRaw' to actually generate the function.

genConstrToStr :: (String -> String) -> Name -> String -> Q [Dec]

genConstrToStr trans_fun name fname = do

  cnames <- reifyConsNames name

  let svalues = map (Left . trans_fun) cnames

  genToRaw ''String (mkName fname) name $ zip cnames svalues

-- | Constructor-to-string for OpCode.

genOpID :: Name -> String -> Q [Dec]

genOpID = genConstrToStr deCamelCase

-- | Builds a list with all defined constructor names for a type.

--

-- @

-- vstr :: String

-- vstr = [...]

-- @

--

-- Where the actual values of the string are the constructor names

-- mapped via @trans_fun@.

genAllConstr :: (String -> String) -> Name -> String -> Q [Dec]

genAllConstr trans_fun name vstr = do

  cnames <- reifyConsNames name

  let svalues = sort $ map trans_fun cnames

      vname = mkName vstr

      sig = SigD vname (AppT ListT (ConT ''String))

      body = NormalB (ListE (map (LitE . StringL) svalues))

  return $ [sig, ValD (VarP vname) body []]

-- | Generates a list of all defined opcode IDs.

genAllOpIDs :: Name -> String -> Q [Dec]

genAllOpIDs = genAllConstr deCamelCase

-- | OpCode parameter (field) type.

type OpParam = (String, Q Type, Q Exp)

-- * Python code generation

data OpCodeField = OpCodeField { ocfName :: String

                               , ocfType :: PyType

                               , ocfDefl :: Maybe PyValueEx

                               , ocfDoc  :: String

                               }

-- | Transfers opcode data between the opcode description (through

-- @genOpCode@) and the Python code generation functions.

data OpCodeDescriptor = OpCodeDescriptor { ocdName   :: String

                                         , ocdType   :: PyType

                                         , ocdDoc    :: String

                                         , ocdFields :: [OpCodeField]

                                         , ocdDescr  :: String

                                         }

-- | Optionally encapsulates default values in @PyValueEx@.

--

-- @maybeApp exp typ@ returns a quoted expression that encapsulates

-- the default value @exp@ of an opcode parameter cast to @typ@ in a

-- @PyValueEx@, if @exp@ is @Just@.  Otherwise, it returns a quoted

-- expression with @Nothing@.

maybeApp :: Maybe (Q Exp) -> Q Type -> Q Exp

maybeApp Nothing _ =

  [| Nothing |]

maybeApp (Just expr) typ =

  [| Just ($(conE (mkName "PyValueEx")) ($expr :: $typ)) |]

-- | Generates a Python type according to whether the field is

-- optional.

--

-- The type of created expression is PyType.

genPyType' :: OptionalType -> Q Type -> Q PyType

genPyType' opt typ = typ >>= pyOptionalType (opt /= NotOptional)

-- | Generates Python types from opcode parameters.

genPyType :: Field -> Q PyType

genPyType f = genPyType' (fieldIsOptional f) (fieldType f)

-- | Generates Python default values from opcode parameters.

genPyDefault :: Field -> Q Exp

genPyDefault f = maybeApp (fieldDefault f) (fieldType f)

pyField :: Field -> Q Exp

pyField f = genPyType f >>= \t ->

            [| OpCodeField $(stringE (fieldName f))

                           t

                           $(genPyDefault f)

                           $(stringE (fieldDoc f)) |]

-- | Generates a Haskell function call to "showPyClass" with the

-- necessary information on how to build the Python class string.

pyClass :: OpCodeConstructor -> Q Exp

pyClass (consName, consType, consDoc, consFields, consDscField) =

  do let pyClassVar = varNameE "showPyClass"

         consName' = stringE consName

     consType' <- genPyType' NotOptional consType

     let consDoc' = stringE consDoc

     [| OpCodeDescriptor $consName'

                         consType'

                         $consDoc'

                         $(listE $ map pyField consFields)

                         consDscField |]

-- | Generates a function called "pyClasses" that holds the list of

-- all the opcode descriptors necessary for generating the Python

-- opcodes.

pyClasses :: [OpCodeConstructor] -> Q [Dec]

pyClasses cons =

  do let name = mkName "pyClasses"

         sig = SigD name (AppT ListT (ConT ''OpCodeDescriptor))

     fn <- FunD name <$> (:[]) <$> declClause cons

     return [sig, fn]

  where declClause c =

          clause [] (normalB (ListE <$> mapM pyClass c)) []

-- | Converts from an opcode constructor to a Luxi constructor.

opcodeConsToLuxiCons :: (a, b, c, d, e) -> (a, d)

opcodeConsToLuxiCons (x, _, _, y, _) = (x, y)

-- | Generates the OpCode data type.

--

-- This takes an opcode logical definition, and builds both the

-- datatype and the JSON serialisation out of it. We can't use a

-- generic serialisation since we need to be compatible with Ganeti's

-- own, so we have a few quirks to work around.

genOpCode :: String              -- ^ Type name to use

          -> [OpCodeConstructor] -- ^ Constructor name and parameters

          -> Q [Dec]

genOpCode name cons = do

  let tname = mkName name

  decl_d <- mapM (\(cname, _, _, fields, _) -> do

                    -- we only need the type of the field, without Q

                    fields' <- mapM (fieldTypeInfo "op") fields

                    return $ RecC (mkName cname) fields')

            cons

  let declD = DataD [] tname [] decl_d [''Show, ''Eq]

  let (allfsig, allffn) = genAllOpFields "allOpFields" cons

  save_decs <- genSaveOpCode tname "saveOpCode" "toDictOpCode"

               (map opcodeConsToLuxiCons cons) saveConstructor True

  (loadsig, loadfn) <- genLoadOpCode cons

  pyDecls <- pyClasses cons

  return $ [declD, allfsig, allffn, loadsig, loadfn] ++ save_decs ++ pyDecls

-- | Generates the function pattern returning the list of fields for a

-- given constructor.

genOpConsFields :: OpCodeConstructor -> Clause

genOpConsFields (cname, _, _, fields, _) =

  let op_id = deCamelCase cname

      fvals = map (LitE . StringL) . sort . nub $

              concatMap (\f -> fieldName f:fieldExtraKeys f) fields

  in Clause [LitP (StringL op_id)] (NormalB $ ListE fvals) []

-- | Generates a list of all fields of an opcode constructor.

genAllOpFields  :: String              -- ^ Function name

                -> [OpCodeConstructor] -- ^ Object definition

                -> (Dec, Dec)

genAllOpFields sname opdefs =

  let cclauses = map genOpConsFields opdefs

      other = Clause [WildP] (NormalB (ListE [])) []

      fname = mkName sname

      sigt = AppT  (AppT ArrowT (ConT ''String)) (AppT ListT (ConT ''String))

  in (SigD fname sigt, FunD fname (cclauses++[other]))

-- | Generates the \"save\" clause for an entire opcode constructor.

--

-- This matches the opcode with variables named the same as the

-- constructor fields (just so that the spliced in code looks nicer),

-- and passes those name plus the parameter definition to 'saveObjectField'.

saveConstructor :: LuxiConstructor -- ^ The constructor

                -> Q Clause        -- ^ Resulting clause

saveConstructor (sname, fields) = do

  let cname = mkName sname

  fnames <- mapM (newName . fieldVariable) fields

  let pat = conP cname (map varP fnames)

  let felems = map (uncurry saveObjectField) (zip fnames fields)

      -- now build the OP_ID serialisation

      opid = [| [( $(stringE "OP_ID"),

                   JSON.showJSON $(stringE . deCamelCase $ sname) )] |]

      flist = listE (opid:felems)

      -- and finally convert all this to a json object

      flist' = [| concat $flist |]

  clause [pat] (normalB flist') []

-- | Generates the main save opcode function.

--

-- This builds a per-constructor match clause that contains the

-- respective constructor-serialisation code.

genSaveOpCode :: Name                          -- ^ Object ype

              -> String                        -- ^ To 'JSValue' function name

              -> String                        -- ^ To 'JSObject' function name

              -> [LuxiConstructor]             -- ^ Object definition

              -> (LuxiConstructor -> Q Clause) -- ^ Constructor save fn

              -> Bool                          -- ^ Whether to generate

                                               -- obj or just a

                                               -- list\/tuple of values

              -> Q [Dec]

genSaveOpCode tname jvalstr tdstr opdefs fn gen_object = do

  tdclauses <- mapM fn opdefs

  let typecon = ConT tname

      jvalname = mkName jvalstr

      jvalsig = AppT  (AppT ArrowT typecon) (ConT ''JSON.JSValue)

      tdname = mkName tdstr

  tdsig <- [t| $(return typecon) -> [(String, JSON.JSValue)] |]

  jvalclause <- if gen_object

                  then [| $makeObjE . $(varE tdname) |]

                  else [| JSON.showJSON . map snd . $(varE tdname) |]

  return [ SigD tdname tdsig

         , FunD tdname tdclauses

         , SigD jvalname jvalsig

         , ValD (VarP jvalname) (NormalB jvalclause) []]

-- | Generates load code for a single constructor of the opcode data type.

loadConstructor :: OpCodeConstructor -> Q Exp

loadConstructor (sname, _, _, fields, _) = do

  let name = mkName sname

  fbinds <- mapM loadObjectField fields

  let (fnames, fstmts) = unzip fbinds

  let cval = foldl (\accu fn -> AppE accu (VarE fn)) (ConE name) fnames

      fstmts' = fstmts ++ [NoBindS (AppE (VarE 'return) cval)]

  return $ DoE fstmts'

-- | Generates the loadOpCode function.

genLoadOpCode :: [OpCodeConstructor] -> Q (Dec, Dec)

genLoadOpCode opdefs = do

  let fname = mkName "loadOpCode"

      arg1 = mkName "v"

      objname = mkName "o"

      opid = mkName "op_id"

  st1 <- bindS (varP objname) [| liftM JSON.fromJSObject

                                 (JSON.readJSON $(varE arg1)) |]

  st2 <- bindS (varP opid) [| $fromObjE $(varE objname) $(stringE "OP_ID") |]

  -- the match results (per-constructor blocks)

  mexps <- mapM loadConstructor opdefs

  fails <- [| fail $ "Unknown opcode " ++ $(varE opid) |]

  let mpats = map (\(me, (consName, _, _, _, _)) ->

                       let mp = LitP . StringL . deCamelCase $ consName

                       in Match mp (NormalB me) []

                  ) $ zip mexps opdefs

      defmatch = Match WildP (NormalB fails) []

      cst = NoBindS $ CaseE (VarE opid) $ mpats++[defmatch]

      body = DoE [st1, st2, cst]

  sigt <- [t| JSON.JSValue -> JSON.Result $(conT (mkName "OpCode")) |]

  return $ (SigD fname sigt, FunD fname [Clause [VarP arg1] (NormalB body) []])

-- * Template code for luxi

-- | Constructor-to-string for LuxiOp.

genStrOfOp :: Name -> String -> Q [Dec]

genStrOfOp = genConstrToStr id

-- | Constructor-to-string for MsgKeys.

genStrOfKey :: Name -> String -> Q [Dec]

genStrOfKey = genConstrToStr ensureLower

-- | Generates the LuxiOp data type.

--

-- This takes a Luxi operation definition and builds both the

-- datatype and the function transforming the arguments to JSON.

-- We can't use anything less generic, because the way different

-- operations are serialized differs on both parameter- and top-level.

--

-- There are two things to be defined for each parameter:

--

-- * name

--

-- * type

--

genLuxiOp :: String -> [LuxiConstructor] -> Q [Dec]

genLuxiOp name cons = do

  let tname = mkName name

  decl_d <- mapM (\(cname, fields) -> do

                    -- we only need the type of the field, without Q

                    fields' <- mapM actualFieldType fields

                    let fields'' = zip (repeat NotStrict) fields'

                    return $ NormalC (mkName cname) fields'')

            cons

  let declD = DataD [] (mkName name) [] decl_d [''Show, ''Eq]

  save_decs <- genSaveOpCode tname "opToArgs" "opToDict"

               cons saveLuxiConstructor False

  req_defs <- declareSADT "LuxiReq" .

              map (\(str, _) -> ("Req" ++ str, mkName ("luxiReq" ++ str))) $

                  cons

  return $ declD:save_decs ++ req_defs

-- | Generates the \"save\" clause for entire LuxiOp constructor.

saveLuxiConstructor :: LuxiConstructor -> Q Clause

saveLuxiConstructor (sname, fields) = do

  let cname = mkName sname

  fnames <- mapM (newName . fieldVariable) fields

  let pat = conP cname (map varP fnames)

  let felems = map (uncurry saveObjectField) (zip fnames fields)

      flist = [| concat $(listE felems) |]

  clause [pat] (normalB flist) []

-- * "Objects" functionality

-- | Extract the field's declaration from a Field structure.

fieldTypeInfo :: String -> Field -> Q (Name, Strict, Type)

fieldTypeInfo field_pfx fd = do

  t <- actualFieldType fd

  let n = mkName . (field_pfx ++) . fieldRecordName $ fd

  return (n, NotStrict, t)

-- | Build an object declaration.

buildObject :: String -> String -> [Field] -> Q [Dec]

buildObject sname field_pfx fields = do

  let name = mkName sname

  fields_d <- mapM (fieldTypeInfo field_pfx) fields

  let decl_d = RecC name fields_d

  let declD = DataD [] name [] [decl_d] [''Show, ''Eq]

  ser_decls <- buildObjectSerialisation sname fields

  return $ declD:ser_decls

-- | Generates an object definition: data type and its JSON instance.

buildObjectSerialisation :: String -> [Field] -> Q [Dec]

buildObjectSerialisation sname fields = do

  let name = mkName sname

  savedecls <- genSaveObject saveObjectField sname fields

  (loadsig, loadfn) <- genLoadObject loadObjectField sname fields

  shjson <- objectShowJSON sname

  rdjson <- objectReadJSON sname

  let instdecl = InstanceD [] (AppT (ConT ''JSON.JSON) (ConT name))

                 [rdjson, shjson]

  return $ savedecls ++ [loadsig, loadfn, instdecl]

-- | The toDict function name for a given type.

toDictName :: String -> Name

toDictName sname = mkName ("toDict" ++ sname)

-- | Generates the save object functionality.

genSaveObject :: (Name -> Field -> Q Exp)

              -> String -> [Field] -> Q [Dec]

genSaveObject save_fn sname fields = do

  let name = mkName sname

  fnames <- mapM (newName . fieldVariable) fields