Synnefo » snf-ganeti

Ganeti quick installation guide

===============================

Please note that a more detailed installation procedure is described in

the :doc:`install`. A glossary of terms can be found in the

:doc:`glossary`.

Software Requirements

---------------------

.. highlight:: shell-example

Before installing, please verify that you have the following programs:

- `Xen Hypervisor <http://www.xen.org/>`_, version 3.0 or above, if

  running on Xen

- `KVM Hypervisor <http://www.linux-kvm.org>`_, version 72 or above, if

  running on KVM. In order to use advanced features, such as live

  migration, virtio, etc, an even newer version is recommended (qemu-kvm

  versions 0.11.X and above have shown good behavior).

- `DRBD <http://www.drbd.org/>`_, kernel module and userspace utils,

  version 8.0.7 or above; note that Ganeti doesn't yet support version 8.4

- `RBD <http://ceph.newdream.net/>`_, kernel modules

  (``rbd.ko``/``libceph.ko``) and userspace utils (``ceph-common``)

- `LVM2 <http://sourceware.org/lvm2/>`_

- `OpenSSH <http://www.openssh.com/portable.html>`_

- `bridge utilities <http://www.linuxfoundation.org/en/Net:Bridge>`_

- `iproute2 <http://www.linuxfoundation.org/en/Net:Iproute2>`_

- `arping <http://www.skbuff.net/iputils/>`_ (part of iputils)

- `ndisc6 <http://www.remlab.net/ndisc6/>`_ (if using IPv6)

- `Python <http://www.python.org/>`_, version 2.4 or above, not 3.0

- `Python OpenSSL bindings <http://pyopenssl.sourceforge.net/>`_

- `simplejson Python module <http://code.google.com/p/simplejson/>`_

- `pyparsing Python module <http://pyparsing.wikispaces.com/>`_, version

  1.4.6 or above

- `pyinotify Python module <http://trac.dbzteam.org/pyinotify/>`_

- `PycURL Python module <http://pycurl.sourceforge.net/>`_

- `ctypes Python module

  <http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes/>`_, if running on

  python 2.4 (optional, used for node daemon memory locking)

- `socat <http://www.dest-unreach.org/socat/>`_, see :ref:`note

  <socat-note>` below

- `Paramiko <http://www.lag.net/paramiko/>`_, if you want automated SSH

  setup; optional otherwise but manual setup of the nodes required

- `affinity Python module <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/affinity/0.1.0>`_,

  optional python package for supporting CPU pinning under KVM

- `ElementTree Python module <http://effbot.org/zone/element-index.htm>`_,

  if running on python 2.4 (optional, used by the ``ovfconverter`` tool)

- `qemu-img <http://qemu.org/>`_, if you want to use ``ovfconverter``

- `fping <http://fping.sourceforge.net/>`_

These programs are supplied as part of most Linux distributions, so

usually they can be installed via the standard package manager. Also

many of them will already be installed on a standard machine. On

Debian/Ubuntu, you can use this command line to install all required

packages, except for RBD, DRBD and Xen::

  $ apt-get install lvm2 ssh bridge-utils iproute iputils-arping \

                    ndisc6 python python-pyopenssl openssl \

                    python-pyparsing python-simplejson \

                    python-pyinotify python-pycurl socat fping

Note that this does not install optional packages::

  $ apt-get install python-paramiko python-affinity qemu-img

If some of the python packages are not available in your system,

you can try installing them using ``easy_install`` command.

For example::

  $ apt-get install python-setuptools

  $ cd / && sudo easy_install \

            affinity

On Fedora to install all required packages except RBD, DRBD and Xen::

  $ yum install openssh openssh-clients bridge-utils iproute ndisc6 \

                pyOpenSSL pyparsing python-simplejson python-inotify \

                python-lxm socat fping

For optional packages use the command::

  $ yum install python-paramiko python-affinity qemu-img

If you want to build from source, please see doc/devnotes.rst for more

dependencies.

.. _socat-note:

.. note::

  Ganeti's import/export functionality uses ``socat`` with OpenSSL for

  transferring data between nodes. By default, OpenSSL 0.9.8 and above

  employ transparent compression of all data using zlib if supported by

  both sides of a connection. In cases where a lot of data is

  transferred, this can lead to an increased CPU usage. Additionally,

  Ganeti already compresses all data using ``gzip`` where it makes sense

  (for inter-cluster instance moves).

  To remedey this situation, patches implementing a new ``socat`` option

  for disabling OpenSSL compression have been contributed and will

  likely be included in the next feature release. Until then, users or

  distributions need to apply the patches on their own.

  Ganeti will use the option if it's detected by the ``configure``

  script; auto-detection can be disabled by explicitly passing

  ``--enable-socat-compress`` (use the option to disable compression) or

  ``--disable-socat-compress`` (don't use the option).

  The patches and more information can be found on

  http://www.dest-unreach.org/socat/contrib/socat-opensslcompress.html.

Haskell requirements

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

If you want to enable the `htools` component, which is recommended on

bigger deployments (this give you automatic instance placement, cluster

balancing, etc.), then you need to have a Haskell compiler installed on

your build machine (but this is not required on the machines which are

just going to run Ganeti). More specifically:

- `GHC <http://www.haskell.org/ghc/>`_ version 6.12 or higher

- or even better, `The Haskell Platform

  <http://hackage.haskell.org/platform/>`_ which gives you a simple way

  to bootstrap Haskell

- `json <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/json>`_, a JSON library

- `network <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/network>`_, a basic

  network library

- `parallel <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/parallel>`_, a parallel

  programming library (note: tested with up to version 3.x)

- `curl <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/curl>`_, bindings for the

  curl library, only needed if you want these tools to connect to remote

  clusters (as opposed to the local one)

- `bytestring <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/bytestring>`_ and

  `utf8-string <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/utf8-string>`_

  libraries; these usually come with the GHC compiler

- `regex-pcre <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/regex-pcre>`_,

  bindings for the ``pcre`` library

Some of these are also available as package in Debian/Ubuntu::

  $ apt-get install ghc6 libghc6-json-dev libghc6-network-dev \

                    libghc6-parallel-dev libghc6-curl-dev

Or in Fedora running::

  $ yum install ghc ghc-json-devel ghc-network-devel ghc-parallel-devel

The most recent Fedora doesn't provide ``ghc-curl``. So this needs to be

installed using ``cabal`` or alternatively htools can be build without

curl support.

Note that more recent versions have switched to GHC 7.x and the packages

were renamed::

  $ apt-get install ghc libghc-json-dev libghc-network-dev \

                    libghc-parallel-dev libghc-curl-dev \

                    libghc-regex-pcre-dev libghc-utf8-string-dev

If using a distribution which does not provide them, first install

the Haskell platform. You can also install ``cabal`` manualy::

  $ apt-get install cabal-install

Then install the additional libraries via

``cabal``::

  $ cabal install json network parallel curl regex-pcre utf8-string

The compilation of the htools components is automatically enabled when

the compiler and the requisite libraries are found. You can use the

``--enable-htools`` configure flag to force the selection (at which

point ``./configure`` will fail if it doesn't find the prerequisites).

In Ganeti version 2.6, one of the daemons (``ganeti-confd``) is shipped

in two versions: the Python default version (which has no extra

dependencies), and an experimental Haskell version. This latter version

can be enabled via the ``./configure`` flag ``--enable-confd=haskell``

and a few has extra dependencies:

- `hslogger <http://software.complete.org/hslogger>`_, version 1.1 and

  above (note that Debian Squeeze only has version 1.0.9)

- `Crypto <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/Crypto>`_, tested with

  version 4.2.4

- `text <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/text>`_

- `hinotify <http://hackage.haskell.org/package/hinotify>`_

These libraries are available in Debian Wheezy (but not in Squeeze), so

you can use either apt::

  $ apt-get install libghc-hslogger-dev libghc-crypto-dev libghc-text-dev \

                    libghc-hinotify-dev

or ``cabal``::

  $ cabal install hslogger Crypto text hinotify

to install them.

.. _cabal-note:

.. note::

  If one of the cabal packages fails to install due to unfulfilled

  dependencies, you can try enabling symlinks in ``~/.cabal/config``.

  Make sure that your ``~/.cabal/bin`` directory (or whatever else

  is defined as ``bindir``) is in your ``PATH``.

Installation of the software

----------------------------

To install, simply run the following command::

  $ ./configure --localstatedir=/var --sysconfdir=/etc && \

    make && \

    make install

This will install the software under ``/usr/local``. You then need to

copy ``doc/examples/ganeti.initd`` to ``/etc/init.d/ganeti`` and

integrate it into your boot sequence (``chkconfig``, ``update-rc.d``,

etc.).

Cluster initialisation

----------------------

Before initialising the cluster, on each node you need to create the

following directories:

- ``/etc/ganeti``

- ``/var/lib/ganeti``

- ``/var/log/ganeti``

- ``/srv/ganeti``

- ``/srv/ganeti/os``

- ``/srv/ganeti/export``

After this, use ``gnt-cluster init``.

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