Synnefo

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from django.conf import settings

from django.db import transaction

from django.utils import simplejson as json

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

from synnefo.db.models import (VirtualMachine, Network,

                               BackendNetwork, BACKEND_STATUSES,

                               pooled_rapi_client, VirtualMachineDiagnostic,

                               Flavor, IPAddress, IPAddressLog)

from synnefo.logic import utils, ips

from synnefo import quotas

from synnefo.api.util import release_resource

from synnefo.util.mac2eui64 import mac2eui64

from synnefo.logic import rapi

from synnefo import volume

from logging import getLogger

log = getLogger(__name__)

_firewall_tags = {

    'ENABLED': settings.GANETI_FIREWALL_ENABLED_TAG,

    'DISABLED': settings.GANETI_FIREWALL_DISABLED_TAG,

    'PROTECTED': settings.GANETI_FIREWALL_PROTECTED_TAG}

_reverse_tags = dict((v.split(':')[3], k) for k, v in _firewall_tags.items())

SIMPLE_NIC_FIELDS = ["state", "mac", "network", "firewall_profile", "index"]

COMPLEX_NIC_FIELDS = ["ipv4_address", "ipv6_address"]

NIC_FIELDS = SIMPLE_NIC_FIELDS + COMPLEX_NIC_FIELDS

DISK_FIELDS = ["status", "size", "index"]

UNKNOWN_NIC_PREFIX = "unknown-nic-"

UNKNOWN_DISK_PREFIX = "unknown-disk-"

def handle_vm_quotas(vm, job_id, job_opcode, job_status, job_fields):

    """Handle quotas for updated VirtualMachine.

    Update quotas for the updated VirtualMachine based on the job that run on

    the Ganeti backend. If a commission has been already issued for this job,

    then this commission is just accepted or rejected based on the job status.

    Otherwise, a new commission for the given change is issued, that is also in

    force and auto-accept mode. In this case, previous commissions are

    rejected, since they reflect a previous state of the VM.

    """

    if job_status not in rapi.JOB_STATUS_FINALIZED:

        return vm

    # Check successful completion of a job will trigger any quotable change in

    # the VM state.

    action = utils.get_action_from_opcode(job_opcode, job_fields)

    if action == "BUILD":

        # Quotas for new VMs are automatically accepted by the API

        return vm

    if vm.task_job_id == job_id and vm.serial is not None:

        # Commission for this change has already been issued. So just

        # accept/reject it. Special case is OP_INSTANCE_CREATE, which even

        # if fails, must be accepted, as the user must manually remove the

        # failed server

        serial = vm.serial

        if job_status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS:

            quotas.accept_resource_serial(vm)

        elif job_status in [rapi.JOB_STATUS_ERROR, rapi.JOB_STATUS_CANCELED]:

            log.debug("Job %s failed. Rejecting related serial %s", job_id,

                      serial)

            quotas.reject_resource_serial(vm)

    elif job_status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS:

        commission_info = quotas.get_commission_info(resource=vm,

                                                     action=action,

                                                     action_fields=job_fields)

        if commission_info is not None:

            # Commission for this change has not been issued, or the issued

            # commission was unaware of the current change. Reject all previous

            # commissions and create a new one in forced mode!

            log.debug("Expected job was %s. Processing job %s. "

                      "Attached serial %s",

                      vm.task_job_id, job_id, vm.serial)

            reason = ("client: dispatcher, resource: %s, ganeti_job: %s"

                      % (vm, job_id))

            try:

                serial = quotas.handle_resource_commission(

                    vm, action,

                    action_fields=job_fields,

                    commission_name=reason,

                    force=True,

                    auto_accept=True)

            except:

                log.exception("Error while handling new commission")

                raise

            log.debug("Issued new commission: %s", serial)

    return vm

@transaction.commit_on_success

def process_op_status(vm, etime, jobid, opcode, status, logmsg, nics=None,

                      disks=None, job_fields=None):

    """Process a job progress notification from the backend

    Process an incoming message from the backend (currently Ganeti).

    Job notifications with a terminating status (sucess, error, or canceled),

    also update the operating state of the VM.

    """

    # See #1492, #1031, #1111 why this line has been removed

    #if (opcode not in [x[0] for x in VirtualMachine.BACKEND_OPCODES] or

    if status not in [x[0] for x in BACKEND_STATUSES]:

        raise VirtualMachine.InvalidBackendMsgError(opcode, status)

    if opcode == "OP_INSTANCE_SNAPSHOT":

        for disk_id, disk_info in job_fields.get("disks", []):

            snap_info = json.loads(disk_info["snapshot_info"])

            snap_id = snap_info["snapshot_id"]

            update_snapshot(snap_id, user_id=vm.userid, job_id=jobid,

                            job_status=status, etime=etime)

        return

    vm.backendjobid = jobid

    vm.backendjobstatus = status

    vm.backendopcode = opcode

    vm.backendlogmsg = logmsg

    if status not in rapi.JOB_STATUS_FINALIZED:

        vm.save()

        return

    if job_fields is None:

        job_fields = {}

    new_operstate = None

    new_flavor = None

    state_for_success = VirtualMachine.OPER_STATE_FROM_OPCODE.get(opcode)

    if status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS:

        if state_for_success is not None:

            new_operstate = state_for_success

        beparams = job_fields.get("beparams")

        if beparams:

            cpu = beparams.get("vcpus")

            ram = beparams.get("maxmem")

            new_flavor = find_new_flavor(vm, cpu=cpu, ram=ram)

        # XXX: Update backendtime only for jobs that have been successfully

        # completed, since only these jobs update the state of the VM. Else a

        # "race condition" may occur when a successful job (e.g.

        # OP_INSTANCE_REMOVE) completes before an error job and messages arrive

        # in reversed order.

        vm.backendtime = etime

    if status in rapi.JOB_STATUS_FINALIZED:

        if nics is not None:

            update_vm_nics(vm, nics, etime)

        if disks is not None:

            # XXX: Replace the job fields with mocked changes as produced by

            # the diff between the DB and Ganeti disks. This is required in

            # order to update quotas for disks that changed, but not from this

            # job!

            disk_changes = update_vm_disks(vm, disks, etime)

            job_fields["disks"] = disk_changes

    # Special case: if OP_INSTANCE_CREATE fails --> ERROR

    if opcode == 'OP_INSTANCE_CREATE' and status in (rapi.JOB_STATUS_CANCELED,

                                                     rapi.JOB_STATUS_ERROR):

        new_operstate = "ERROR"

        vm.backendtime = etime

        # Update state of associated attachments

        vm.nics.all().update(state="ERROR")

        vm.volumes.all().update(status="ERROR")

    elif opcode == 'OP_INSTANCE_REMOVE':

        # Special case: OP_INSTANCE_REMOVE fails for machines in ERROR,

        # when no instance exists at the Ganeti backend.

        # See ticket #799 for all the details.

        if (status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS or

           (status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_ERROR and not vm_exists_in_backend(vm))):

            # server has been deleted, so delete the server's attachments

            vm.volumes.all().update(deleted=True, status="DELETED",

                                    machine=None)

            for nic in vm.nics.all():

                # but first release the IP

                remove_nic_ips(nic)

                nic.delete()

            vm.deleted = True

            new_operstate = state_for_success

            vm.backendtime = etime

            status = rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS

    if status in rapi.JOB_STATUS_FINALIZED:

        # Job is finalized: Handle quotas/commissioning

        vm = handle_vm_quotas(vm, job_id=jobid, job_opcode=opcode,

                              job_status=status, job_fields=job_fields)

        # and clear task fields

        if vm.task_job_id == jobid:

            vm.task = None

            vm.task_job_id = None

    # Update VM's state and flavor after handling of quotas, since computation

    # of quotas depends on these attributes

    if new_operstate is not None:

        vm.operstate = new_operstate

    if new_flavor is not None:

        vm.flavor = new_flavor

    vm.save()

def find_new_flavor(vm, cpu=None, ram=None):

    """Find VM's new flavor based on the new CPU and RAM"""

    if cpu is None and ram is None:

        return None

    old_flavor = vm.flavor

    ram = ram if ram is not None else old_flavor.ram

    cpu = cpu if cpu is not None else old_flavor.cpu

    if cpu == old_flavor.cpu and ram == old_flavor.ram:

        return None

    try:

        new_flavor = Flavor.objects.get(cpu=cpu, ram=ram,

                                        disk=old_flavor.disk,

                                        disk_template=old_flavor.disk_template)

    except Flavor.DoesNotExist:

        raise Exception("There is no flavor to match the instance specs!"

                        " Instance: %s CPU: %s RAM %s: Disk: %s Template: %s"

                        % (vm.backend_vm_id, cpu, ram, old_flavor.disk,

                           old_flavor.disk_template))

    log.info("Flavor of VM '%s' changed from '%s' to '%s'", vm,

             old_flavor.name, new_flavor.name)

    return new_flavor

def nics_are_equal(db_nic, gnt_nic):

    """Check if DB and Ganeti NICs are equal."""

    for field in NIC_FIELDS:

        if getattr(db_nic, field) != gnt_nic[field]:

            return False

    return True

def parse_instance_nics(gnt_nics):

    """Parse NICs of a Ganeti instance"""

    nics = []

    for index, gnic in enumerate(gnt_nics):

        nic_name = gnic.get("name", None)

        if nic_name is not None:

            nic_id = utils.id_from_nic_name(nic_name)

        else:

            # Unknown NIC

            nic_id = UNKNOWN_NIC_PREFIX + str(index)

        network_name = gnic.get('network', '')

        network_id = utils.id_from_network_name(network_name)

        network = Network.objects.get(id=network_id)

        subnet6 = network.subnet6

        # Get the new nic info

        mac = gnic.get('mac')

        ipv4 = gnic.get('ip')

        ipv6 = mac2eui64(mac, subnet6.cidr) if subnet6 else None

        firewall = gnic.get('firewall')

        firewall_profile = _reverse_tags.get(firewall)

        if not firewall_profile and network.public:

            firewall_profile = settings.DEFAULT_FIREWALL_PROFILE

        nic_info = {

            'index': index,

            'network': network,

            'mac': mac,

            'ipv4_address': ipv4,

            'ipv6_address': ipv6,

            'firewall_profile': firewall_profile,

            'state': 'ACTIVE'}

        nics.append((nic_id, nic_info))

    return dict(nics)

def update_vm_nics(vm, nics, etime=None):

    """Update VM's NICs to match with the NICs of the Ganeti instance

    This function will update the VM's NICs(update, delete or create) and

    return a list of quotable changes.

    @param vm: The VirtualMachine the NICs belong to

    @type vm: VirtualMachine object

    @param nics: The NICs of the Ganeti instance

    @type nics: List of dictionaries with NIC information

    @param etime: The datetime the Ganeti instance had these NICs

    @type etime: datetime

    @return: List of quotable changes (add/remove NIC) (currently empty list)

    @rtype: List of dictionaries

    """

    ganeti_nics = parse_instance_nics(nics)

    db_nics = dict([(nic.id, nic) for nic in vm.nics.select_related("network")

                                                    .prefetch_related("ips")])

    for nic_name in set(db_nics.keys()) | set(ganeti_nics.keys()):

        db_nic = db_nics.get(nic_name)

        ganeti_nic = ganeti_nics.get(nic_name)

        if ganeti_nic is None:

            if nic_is_stale(vm, nic):

                log.debug("Removing stale NIC '%s'" % db_nic)

                remove_nic_ips(db_nic)

                db_nic.delete()

            else:

                log.info("NIC '%s' is still being created" % db_nic)

        elif db_nic is None:

            msg = ("NIC/%s of VM %s does not exist in DB! Cannot automatically"

                   " fix this issue!" % (nic_name, vm))

            log.error(msg)

            continue

        elif not nics_are_equal(db_nic, ganeti_nic):

            for f in SIMPLE_NIC_FIELDS:

                # Update the NIC in DB with the values from Ganeti NIC

                setattr(db_nic, f, ganeti_nic[f])

                db_nic.save()

            # Special case where the IPv4 address has changed, because you

            # need to release the old IPv4 address and reserve the new one

            gnt_ipv4_address = ganeti_nic["ipv4_address"]

            db_ipv4_address = db_nic.ipv4_address

            if db_ipv4_address != gnt_ipv4_address:

                change_address_of_port(db_nic, vm.userid,

                                       old_address=db_ipv4_address,

                                       new_address=gnt_ipv4_address,

                                       version=4)

            gnt_ipv6_address = ganeti_nic["ipv6_address"]

            db_ipv6_address = db_nic.ipv6_address

            if db_ipv6_address != gnt_ipv6_address:

                change_address_of_port(db_nic, vm.userid,

                                       old_address=db_ipv6_address,

                                       new_address=gnt_ipv6_address,

                                       version=6)

    return []

def remove_nic_ips(nic, version=None):

    """Remove IP addresses associated with a NetworkInterface.

    Remove all IP addresses that are associated with the NetworkInterface

    object, by returning them to the pool and deleting the IPAddress object. If

    the IP is a floating IP, then it is just disassociated from the NIC.

    If version is specified, then only IP addressses of that version will be

    removed.

    """

    for ip in nic.ips.all():

        if version and ip.ipversion != version:

            continue

        # Update the DB table holding the logging of all IP addresses

        terminate_active_ipaddress_log(nic, ip)

        if ip.floating_ip:

            ip.nic = None

            ip.save()

        else:

            # Release the IPv4 address

            ip.release_address()

            ip.delete()

def terminate_active_ipaddress_log(nic, ip):

    """Update DB logging entry for this IP address."""

    if not ip.network.public or nic.machine is None:

        return

    try:

        ip_log, created = \

            IPAddressLog.objects.get_or_create(server_id=nic.machine_id,

                                               network_id=ip.network_id,

                                               address=ip.address,

                                               active=True)

    except IPAddressLog.MultipleObjectsReturned:

        logmsg = ("Multiple active log entries for IP %s, Network %s,"

                  "Server %s. Cannot proceed!"

                  % (ip.address, ip.network, nic.machine))

        log.error(logmsg)

        raise

    if created:

        logmsg = ("No log entry for IP %s, Network %s, Server %s. Created new"

                  " but with wrong creation timestamp."

                  % (ip.address, ip.network, nic.machine))

        log.error(logmsg)

    ip_log.released_at = datetime.now()

    ip_log.active = False

    ip_log.save()

def change_address_of_port(port, userid, old_address, new_address, version):

    """Change."""

    if old_address is not None:

        msg = ("IPv%s Address of server '%s' changed from '%s' to '%s'"

               % (version, port.machine_id, old_address, new_address))

        log.error(msg)

    # Remove the old IP address

    remove_nic_ips(port, version=version)

    if version == 4:

        ipaddress = ips.allocate_ip(port.network, userid, address=new_address)

        ipaddress.nic = port

        ipaddress.save()

    elif version == 6:

        subnet6 = port.network.subnet6

        ipaddress = IPAddress.objects.create(userid=userid,

                                             network=port.network,

                                             subnet=subnet6,

                                             nic=port,

                                             address=new_address,

                                             ipversion=6)

    else:

        raise ValueError("Unknown version: %s" % version)

    # New address log

    ip_log = IPAddressLog.objects.create(server_id=port.machine_id,

                                         network_id=port.network_id,

                                         address=new_address,

                                         active=True)

    log.info("Created IP log entry '%s' for address '%s' to server '%s'",

             ip_log.id, new_address, port.machine_id)

    return ipaddress

def update_vm_disks(vm, disks, etime=None):

    """Update VM's disks to match with the disks of the Ganeti instance

    This function will update the VM's disks(update, delete or create) and

    return a list of quotable changes.

    @param vm: The VirtualMachine the disks belong to

    @type vm: VirtualMachine object

    @param disks: The disks of the Ganeti instance

    @type disks: List of dictionaries with disk information

    @param etime: The datetime the Ganeti instance had these disks

    @type etime: datetime

    @return: List of quotable changes (add/remove disk)

    @rtype: List of dictionaries

    """

    gnt_disks = parse_instance_disks(disks)

    db_disks = dict([(disk.id, disk)

                     for disk in vm.volumes.filter(deleted=False)])

    changes = []

    for disk_name in set(db_disks.keys()) | set(gnt_disks.keys()):

        db_disk = db_disks.get(disk_name)

        gnt_disk = gnt_disks.get(disk_name)

        if gnt_disk is None:

            # Disk exists in DB but not in Ganeti

            if disk_is_stale(vm, disk):

                log.debug("Removing stale disk '%s'" % db_disk)

                db_disk.status = "DELETED"

                db_disk.deleted = True

                db_disk.save()

                changes.append(("remove", db_disk, {}))

            else:

                log.info("disk '%s' is still being created" % db_disk)

        elif db_disk is None:

            # Disk exists in Ganeti but not in DB

            # TODO: Automatically import disk!

            msg = ("disk/%s of VM %s does not exist in DB! Cannot"

                   " automatically fix this issue!" % (disk_name, vm))

            log.error(msg)

            continue

        elif not disks_are_equal(db_disk, gnt_disk):

            # Disk has changed

            if gnt_disk["size"] != db_disk.size:

                # Size of the disk has changed! TODO: Fix flavor!

                size_delta = gnt_disk["size"] - db_disk.size

                changes.append(("modify", db_disk, {"size_delta": size_delta}))

            if db_disk.status == "CREATING":

                # Disk has been created

                changes.append(("add", db_disk, {}))

            # Update the disk in DB with the values from Ganeti disk

            [setattr(db_disk, f, gnt_disk[f]) for f in DISK_FIELDS]

            db_disk.save()

    return changes

def disks_are_equal(db_disk, gnt_disk):

    """Check if DB and Ganeti disks are equal"""

    for field in DISK_FIELDS:

        if getattr(db_disk, field) != gnt_disk[field]:

            return False

    return True

def parse_instance_disks(gnt_disks):

    """Parse disks of a Ganeti instance"""

    disks = []

    for index, gnt_disk in enumerate(gnt_disks):

        disk_name = gnt_disk.get("name", None)

        if disk_name is not None:

            disk_id = utils.id_from_disk_name(disk_name)

        else:  # Unknown disk

            disk_id = UNKNOWN_DISK_PREFIX + str(index)

        disk_info = {

            'index': index,

            'size': gnt_disk["size"] >> 10,  # Size in GB

            'status': "IN_USE"}

        disks.append((disk_id, disk_info))

    return dict(disks)

def update_snapshot(snap_id, user_id, job_id, job_status, etime):

    """Update a snapshot based on result of a Ganeti job."""

    if job_status in rapi.JOB_STATUS_FINALIZED:

        status = rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS and "AVAILABLE" or "ERROR"

        log.debug("Updating status of snapshot '%s' to '%s'", snap_id, status)

        volume.util.update_snapshot_status(snap_id, user_id, status=status)

@transaction.commit_on_success

def process_network_status(back_network, etime, jobid, opcode, status, logmsg):

    if status not in [x[0] for x in BACKEND_STATUSES]:

        raise Network.InvalidBackendMsgError(opcode, status)

    back_network.backendjobid = jobid

    back_network.backendjobstatus = status

    back_network.backendopcode = opcode

    back_network.backendlogmsg = logmsg

    # Note: Network is already locked!

    network = back_network.network

    # Notifications of success change the operating state

    state_for_success = BackendNetwork.OPER_STATE_FROM_OPCODE.get(opcode, None)

    if status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS and state_for_success is not None:

        back_network.operstate = state_for_success

    if (status in (rapi.JOB_STATUS_CANCELED, rapi.JOB_STATUS_ERROR)

       and opcode == 'OP_NETWORK_ADD'):

        back_network.operstate = 'ERROR'

        back_network.backendtime = etime

    if opcode == 'OP_NETWORK_REMOVE':

        network_is_deleted = (status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS)

        if network_is_deleted or (status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_ERROR and not

                                  network_exists_in_backend(back_network)):

            back_network.operstate = state_for_success

            back_network.deleted = True

            back_network.backendtime = etime

    if status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS:

        back_network.backendtime = etime

    back_network.save()

    # Also you must update the state of the Network!!

    update_network_state(network)

def update_network_state(network):

    """Update the state of a Network based on BackendNetwork states.

    Update the state of a Network based on the operstate of the networks in the

    backends that network exists.

    The state of the network is:

    * ACTIVE: If it is 'ACTIVE' in at least one backend.

    * DELETED: If it is is 'DELETED' in all backends that have been created.

    This function also releases the resources (MAC prefix or Bridge) and the

    quotas for the network.

    """

    if network.deleted:

        # Network has already been deleted. Just assert that state is also

        # DELETED

        if not network.state == "DELETED":

            network.state = "DELETED"

            network.save()

        return

    backend_states = [s.operstate for s in network.backend_networks.all()]

    if not backend_states and network.action != "DESTROY":

        if network.state != "ACTIVE":

            network.state = "ACTIVE"

            network.save()

            return

    # Network is deleted when all BackendNetworks go to "DELETED" operstate

    deleted = reduce(lambda x, y: x == y and "DELETED", backend_states,

                     "DELETED")

    # Release the resources on the deletion of the Network

    if deleted:

        if network.ips.filter(deleted=False, floating_ip=True).exists():

            msg = "Cannot delete network %s! Floating IPs still in use!"

            log.error(msg % network)

            raise Exception(msg % network)

        log.info("Network %r deleted. Releasing link %r mac_prefix %r",

                 network.id, network.mac_prefix, network.link)

        network.deleted = True

        network.state = "DELETED"

        # Undrain the network, otherwise the network state will remain

        # as 'SNF:DRAINED'

        network.drained = False

        if network.mac_prefix:

            if network.FLAVORS[network.flavor]["mac_prefix"] == "pool":

                release_resource(res_type="mac_prefix",

                                 value=network.mac_prefix)

        if network.link:

            if network.FLAVORS[network.flavor]["link"] == "pool":

                release_resource(res_type="bridge", value=network.link)

        # Set all subnets as deleted

        network.subnets.update(deleted=True)

        # And delete the IP pools

        for subnet in network.subnets.all():

            if subnet.ipversion == 4:

                subnet.ip_pools.all().delete()

        # And all the backend networks since there are useless

        network.backend_networks.all().delete()

        # Issue commission

        if network.userid:

            quotas.issue_and_accept_commission(network, action="DESTROY")

            # the above has already saved the object and committed;

            # a second save would override others' changes, since the

            # object is now unlocked

            return

        elif not network.public:

            log.warning("Network %s does not have an owner!", network.id)

    network.save()

@transaction.commit_on_success

def process_network_modify(back_network, etime, jobid, opcode, status,

                           job_fields):

    assert (opcode == "OP_NETWORK_SET_PARAMS")

    if status not in [x[0] for x in BACKEND_STATUSES]:

        raise Network.InvalidBackendMsgError(opcode, status)

    back_network.backendjobid = jobid

    back_network.backendjobstatus = status

    back_network.opcode = opcode

    add_reserved_ips = job_fields.get("add_reserved_ips")

    if add_reserved_ips:

        network = back_network.network

        for ip in add_reserved_ips:

            network.reserve_address(ip, external=True)

    if status == rapi.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS:

        back_network.backendtime = etime

    back_network.save()

@transaction.commit_on_success

def process_create_progress(vm, etime, progress):

    percentage = int(progress)

    # The percentage may exceed 100%, due to the way

    # snf-image:copy-progress tracks bytes read by image handling processes

    percentage = 100 if percentage > 100 else percentage

    if percentage < 0:

        raise ValueError("Percentage cannot be negative")

    # FIXME: log a warning here, see #1033

#   if last_update > percentage:

#       raise ValueError("Build percentage should increase monotonically " \

#                        "(old = %d, new = %d)" % (last_update, percentage))

    # This assumes that no message of type 'ganeti-create-progress' is going to

    # arrive once OP_INSTANCE_CREATE has succeeded for a Ganeti instance and

    # the instance is STARTED.  What if the two messages are processed by two

    # separate dispatcher threads, and the 'ganeti-op-status' message for

    # successful creation gets processed before the 'ganeti-create-progress'

    # message? [vkoukis]

    #

    #if not vm.operstate == 'BUILD':

    #    raise VirtualMachine.IllegalState("VM is not in building state")

    vm.buildpercentage = percentage

    vm.backendtime = etime

    vm.save()

@transaction.commit_on_success

def create_instance_diagnostic(vm, message, source, level="DEBUG", etime=None,

                               details=None):

    """

    Create virtual machine instance diagnostic entry.

    :param vm: VirtualMachine instance to create diagnostic for.

    :param message: Diagnostic message.

    :param source: Diagnostic source identifier (e.g. image-helper).

    :param level: Diagnostic level (`DEBUG`, `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`).

    :param etime: The time the message occured (if available).

    :param details: Additional details or debug information.

    """

    VirtualMachineDiagnostic.objects.create_for_vm(vm, level, source=source,

                                                   source_date=etime,

                                                   message=message,

                                                   details=details)

def create_instance(vm, nics, volumes, flavor, image):

    """`image` is a dictionary which should contain the keys:

            'backend_id', 'format' and 'metadata'

        metadata value should be a dictionary.

    """

    # Handle arguments to CreateInstance() as a dictionary,

    # initialize it based on a deployment-specific value.

    # This enables the administrator to override deployment-specific

    # arguments, such as the disk template to use, name of os provider

    # and hypervisor-specific parameters at will (see Synnefo #785, #835).

    #

    kw = vm.backend.get_create_params()

    kw['mode'] = 'create'

    kw['name'] = vm.backend_vm_id

    # Defined in settings.GANETI_CREATEINSTANCE_KWARGS

    kw['disk_template'] = volumes[0].template

    disks = []

    for volume in volumes:

        disk = {"name": volume.backend_volume_uuid,

                "size": volume.size * 1024}

        provider = volume.provider

        if provider is not None:

            disk["provider"] = provider

            disk["origin"] = volume.origin

            extra_disk_params = settings.GANETI_DISK_PROVIDER_KWARGS\

                                        .get(provider)

            if extra_disk_params is not None:

                disk.update(extra_disk_params)

        disks.append(disk)

    kw["disks"] = disks

    kw['nics'] = [{"name": nic.backend_uuid,

                   "network": nic.network.backend_id,

                   "ip": nic.ipv4_address}

                  for nic in nics]

    backend = vm.backend

    depend_jobs = []

    for nic in nics:

        bnet, job_ids = ensure_network_is_active(backend, nic.network_id)

        depend_jobs.extend(job_ids)

    kw["depends"] = create_job_dependencies(depend_jobs)

    # Defined in settings.GANETI_CREATEINSTANCE_KWARGS

    # kw['os'] = settings.GANETI_OS_PROVIDER

    kw['ip_check'] = False

    kw['name_check'] = False

    # Do not specific a node explicitly, have

    # Ganeti use an iallocator instead

    #kw['pnode'] = rapi.GetNodes()[0]

    kw['dry_run'] = settings.TEST

    kw['beparams'] = {

        'auto_balance': True,

        'vcpus': flavor.cpu,

        'memory': flavor.ram}

    kw['osparams'] = {

        'config_url': vm.config_url,

        # Store image id and format to Ganeti

        'img_id': image['backend_id'],

        'img_format': image['format']}

    # Use opportunistic locking

    kw['opportunistic_locking'] = settings.GANETI_USE_OPPORTUNISTIC_LOCKING

    # Defined in settings.GANETI_CREATEINSTANCE_KWARGS

    # kw['hvparams'] = dict(serial_console=False)

    log.debug("Creating instance %s", utils.hide_pass(kw))

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.CreateInstance(**kw)

def delete_instance(vm, shutdown_timeout=None):

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.DeleteInstance(vm.backend_vm_id,

                                     shutdown_timeout=shutdown_timeout,

                                     dry_run=settings.TEST)

def reboot_instance(vm, reboot_type, shutdown_timeout=None):

    assert reboot_type in ('soft', 'hard')

    # Note that reboot type of Ganeti job must be always hard. The 'soft' and

    # 'hard' type of OS API is different from the one in Ganeti, and maps to

    # 'shutdown_timeout'.

    kwargs = {"instance": vm.backend_vm_id,

              "reboot_type": "hard"}

    # 'shutdown_timeout' parameter is only support from snf-ganeti>=2.8.2 and

    # Ganeti > 2.10. In other versions this parameter will be ignored and

    # we will fallback to default timeout of Ganeti (120s).

    if shutdown_timeout is not None:

        kwargs["shutdown_timeout"] = shutdown_timeout

    if reboot_type == "hard":

        kwargs["shutdown_timeout"] = 0

    if settings.TEST:

        kwargs["dry_run"] = True

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.RebootInstance(**kwargs)

def startup_instance(vm):

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.StartupInstance(vm.backend_vm_id, dry_run=settings.TEST)

def shutdown_instance(vm, shutdown_timeout=None):

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.ShutdownInstance(vm.backend_vm_id,

                                       timeout=shutdown_timeout,

                                       dry_run=settings.TEST)

def resize_instance(vm, vcpus, memory):

    beparams = {"vcpus": int(vcpus),

                "minmem": int(memory),

                "maxmem": int(memory)}

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.ModifyInstance(vm.backend_vm_id, beparams=beparams)

def get_instance_console(vm):

    # RAPI GetInstanceConsole() returns endpoints to the vnc_bind_address,

    # which is a cluster-wide setting, either 0.0.0.0 or 127.0.0.1, and pretty

    # useless (see #783).

    #

    # Until this is fixed on the Ganeti side, construct a console info reply

    # directly.

    #

    # WARNING: This assumes that VNC runs on port network_port on

    #          the instance's primary node, and is probably

    #          hypervisor-specific.

    #

    log.debug("Getting console for vm %s", vm)

    console = {}

    console['kind'] = 'vnc'

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        i = client.GetInstance(vm.backend_vm_id)

    if vm.backend.hypervisor == "kvm" and i['hvparams']['serial_console']:

        raise Exception("hv parameter serial_console cannot be true")

    console['host'] = i['pnode']

    console['port'] = i['network_port']

    return console

def get_instance_info(vm):

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as client:

        return client.GetInstance(vm.backend_vm_id)

def vm_exists_in_backend(vm):

    try:

        get_instance_info(vm)

        return True

    except rapi.GanetiApiError as e:

        if e.code == 404:

            return False

        raise e

def get_network_info(backend_network):

    with pooled_rapi_client(backend_network) as client:

        return client.GetNetwork(backend_network.network.backend_id)

def network_exists_in_backend(backend_network):

    try:

        get_network_info(backend_network)

        return True

    except rapi.GanetiApiError as e:

        if e.code == 404:

            return False

def job_is_still_running(vm, job_id=None):

    with pooled_rapi_client(vm) as c:

        try:

            if job_id is None:

                job_id = vm.backendjobid

            job_info = c.GetJobStatus(job_id)

            return not (job_info["status"] in rapi.JOB_STATUS_FINALIZED)

        except rapi.GanetiApiError:

            return False

def disk_is_stale(vm, disk, timeout=60):

    """Check if a disk is stale or exists in the Ganeti backend."""

    # First check the state of the disk

    if disk.status == "CREATING":

        if datetime.now() < disk.created + timedelta(seconds=timeout):

            # Do not check for too recent disks to avoid the time overhead

            return False

        if job_is_still_running(vm, job_id=disk.backendjobid):

            return False

        else:

            # If job has finished, check that the disk exists, because the

            # message may have been lost or stuck in the queue.

            vm_info = get_instance_info(vm)

            if disk.backend_volume_uuid in vm_info["disk.names"]:

                return False

    return True

def nic_is_stale(vm, nic, timeout=60):

    """Check if a NIC is stale or exists in the Ganeti backend."""

    # First check the state of the NIC and if there is a pending CONNECT

    if nic.state == "BUILD" and vm.task == "CONNECT":

        if datetime.now() < nic.created + timedelta(seconds=timeout):

            # Do not check for too recent NICs to avoid the time overhead

            return False

        if job_is_still_running(vm, job_id=vm.task_job_id):

            return False

        else:

            # If job has finished, check that the NIC exists, because the

            # message may have been lost or stuck in the queue.

            vm_info = get_instance_info(vm)

            if nic.backend_uuid in vm_info["nic.names"]:

                return False

    return True

def ensure_network_is_active(backend, network_id):

    """Ensure that a network is active in the specified backend

    Check that a network exists and is active in the specified backend. If not

    (re-)create the network. Return the corresponding BackendNetwork object

    and the IDs of the Ganeti job to create the network.

    """

    job_ids = []

    try:

        bnet = BackendNetwork.objects.select_related("network")\

                                     .get(backend=backend, network=network_id)

        if bnet.operstate != "ACTIVE":

            job_ids = create_network(bnet.network, backend, connect=True)

    except BackendNetwork.DoesNotExist:

        network = Network.objects.select_for_update().get(id=network_id)

        bnet = BackendNetwork.objects.create(backend=backend, network=network)

        job_ids = create_network(network, backend, connect=True)

    return bnet, job_ids

def create_network(network, backend, connect=True):

    """Create a network in a Ganeti backend"""

    log.debug("Creating network %s in backend %s", network, backend)

    job_id = _create_network(network, backend)

    if connect:

        job_ids = connect_network(network, backend, depends=[job_id])

        return job_ids

    else:

        return [job_id]

def _create_network(network, backend):

    """Create a network."""

    tags = network.backend_tag

    subnet = None

    subnet6 = None

    gateway = None

    gateway6 = None

    for _subnet in network.subnets.all():

        if _subnet.dhcp and not "nfdhcpd" in tags:

            tags.append("nfdhcpd")

        if _subnet.ipversion == 4:

            subnet = _subnet.cidr

            gateway = _subnet.gateway

        elif _subnet.ipversion == 6:

            subnet6 = _subnet.cidr

            gateway6 = _subnet.gateway

    conflicts_check = False

    if network.public:

        tags.append('public')

        if subnet is not None:

            conflicts_check = True

    else:

        tags.append('private')

    # Use a dummy network subnet for IPv6 only networks. Currently Ganeti does

    # not support IPv6 only networks. To bypass this limitation, we create the

    # network with a dummy network subnet, and make Cyclades connect instances

    # to such networks, with address=None.

    if subnet is None:

        subnet = "10.0.0.0/29"

    try:

        bn = BackendNetwork.objects.get(network=network, backend=backend)

        mac_prefix = bn.mac_prefix

    except BackendNetwork.DoesNotExist:

        raise Exception("BackendNetwork for network '%s' in backend '%s'"

                        " does not exist" % (network.id, backend.id))

    with pooled_rapi_client(backend) as client:

        return client.CreateNetwork(network_name=network.backend_id,

                                    network=subnet,

                                    network6=subnet6,

                                    gateway=gateway,

                                    gateway6=gateway6,

                                    mac_prefix=mac_prefix,

                                    conflicts_check=conflicts_check,

                                    tags=tags)

def connect_network(network, backend, depends=[], group=None):

    """Connect a network to nodegroups."""

    log.debug("Connecting network %s to backend %s", network, backend)

    conflicts_check = False

    if network.public and (network.subnet4 is not None):

        conflicts_check = True

    depends = create_job_dependencies(depends)

    with pooled_rapi_client(backend) as client:

        groups = [group] if group is not None else client.GetGroups()

        job_ids = []

        for group in groups:

            job_id = client.ConnectNetwork(network.backend_id, group,

                                           network.mode, network.link,

                                           conflicts_check,

                                           depends=depends)

            job_ids.append(job_id)

    return job_ids

def delete_network(network, backend, disconnect=True):

    log.debug("Deleting network %s from backend %s", network, backend)

    depends = []

    if disconnect:

        depends = disconnect_network(network, backend)

    _delete_network(network, backend, depends=depends)

def _delete_network(network, backend, depends=[]):

    depends = create_job_dependencies(depends)

    with pooled_rapi_client(backend) as client:

        return client.DeleteNetwork(network.backend_id, depends)

def disconnect_network(network, backend, group=None):

    log.debug("Disconnecting network %s to backend %s", network, backend)

    with pooled_rapi_client(backend) as client:

        groups = [group] if group is not None else client.GetGroups()

        job_ids = []

        for group in groups:

            job_id = client.DisconnectNetwork(network.backend_id, group)

            job_ids.append(job_id)

    return job_ids

def connect_to_network(vm, nic):

    network = nic.network

    backend = vm.backend

    bnet, depend_jobs = ensure_network_is_active(backend, network.id)

    depends = create_job_dependencies(depend_jobs)

    nic = {'name': nic.backend_uuid,

           'network': network.backend_id,

           'ip': nic.ipv4_address}

    log.debug("Adding NIC %s to VM %s", nic, vm)

    kwargs = {

        "instance": vm.backend_vm_id,

        "nics": [("add", "-1", nic)],

        "depends": depends,

    }