^^^
| **add**
-| {-t|--disk-template {diskless | file \| plain \| drbd}}
-| {--disk=*N*: {size=*VAL* \| adopt=*LV*}[,vg=*VG*][,metavg=*VG*][,mode=*ro\|rw*]
-| \| {-s|--os-size} *SIZE*}
-| [--no-ip-check] [--no-name-check] [--no-start] [--no-install]
-| [--net=*N* [:options...] \| --no-nics]
-| [{-B|--backend-parameters} *BEPARAMS*]
-| [{-H|--hypervisor-parameters} *HYPERVISOR* [: option=*value*... ]]
-| [{-O|--os-parameters} *param*=*value*... ]
-| [--file-storage-dir *dir\_path*] [--file-driver {loop \| blktap}]
-| {{-n|--node} *node[:secondary-node]* \| {-I|--iallocator} *name*}
-| {{-o|--os-type} *os-type*}
-| [--submit]
+| {-t|\--disk-template {diskless \| file \| plain \| drbd \| rbd}}
+| {\--disk=*N*: {size=*VAL*[,spindles=*VAL*] \| adopt=*LV*}[,options...]
+| \| {size=*VAL*,provider=*PROVIDER*}[,param=*value*... ][,options...]
+| \| {-s|\--os-size} *SIZE*}
+| [\--no-ip-check] [\--no-name-check] [\--no-conflicts-check]
+| [\--no-start] [\--no-install]
+| [\--net=*N* [:options...] \| \--no-nics]
+| [{-B|\--backend-parameters} *BEPARAMS*]
+| [{-H|\--hypervisor-parameters} *HYPERVISOR* [: option=*value*... ]]
+| [{-O|\--os-parameters} *param*=*value*... ]
+| [\--file-storage-dir *dir\_path*] [\--file-driver {loop \| blktap \| blktap2}]
+| {{-n|\--node} *node[:secondary-node]* \| {-I|\--iallocator} *name*}
+| {{-o|\--os-type} *os-type*}
+| [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy]
+| [\--no-wait-for-sync]
| {*instance*}
Creates a new instance on the specified host. The *instance* argument
The ``disk`` option specifies the parameters for the disks of the
instance. The numbering of disks starts at zero, and at least one disk
needs to be passed. For each disk, either the size or the adoption
-source needs to be given, and optionally the access mode (read-only or
-the default of read-write) and the LVM volume group can also be
-specified (via the ``vg`` key). For DRBD devices, a different VG can
-be specified for the metadata device using the ``metavg`` key. The
-size is interpreted (when no unit is given) in mebibytes. You can also
-use one of the suffixes *m*, *g* or *t* to specify the exact the units
-used; these suffixes map to mebibytes, gibibytes and tebibytes.
+source needs to be given. The size is interpreted (when no unit is
+given) in mebibytes. You can also use one of the suffixes *m*, *g* or
+*t* to specify the exact the units used; these suffixes map to
+mebibytes, gibibytes and tebibytes. Each disk can also take these
+parameters (all optional):
+
+spindles
+ How many spindles (physical disks on the node) the disk should span.
+
+mode
+ The access mode. Either ``ro`` (read-only) or the default ``rw``
+ (read-write).
+
+name
+ This option specifies a name for the disk, which can be used as a disk
+ identifier. An instance can not have two disks with the same name.
+
+vg
+ The LVM volume group. This works only for LVM and DRBD devices.
+
+metavg
+ This options specifies a different VG for the metadata device. This
+ works only for DRBD devices
+
+When creating ExtStorage disks, also arbitrary parameters can be passed,
+to the ExtStorage provider. Those parameters are passed as additional
+comma separated options. Therefore, an ExtStorage disk provided by
+provider ``pvdr1`` with parameters ``param1``, ``param2`` would be
+passed as ``--disk 0:size=10G,provider=pvdr1,param1=val1,param2=val2``.
When using the ``adopt`` key in the disk definition, Ganeti will
reuse those volumes (instead of creating new ones) as the
instance's disks. Ganeti will rename these volumes to the standard
format, and (without installing the OS) will use them as-is for the
instance. This allows migrating instances from non-managed mode
-(e.q. plain KVM with LVM) to being managed via Ganeti. Note that
+(e.g. plain KVM with LVM) to being managed via Ganeti. Please note that
this works only for the \`plain' disk template (see below for
template details).
can be specified as ``--disk 0:size=20G --disk 1:size=4G --disk
2:size=100G``.
+The minimum information needed to specify an ExtStorage disk are the
+``size`` and the ``provider``. For example:
+``--disk 0:size=20G,provider=pvdr1``.
+
The ``--no-ip-check`` skips the checks that are done to see if the
instance's IP is not already alive (i.e. reachable from the master
node).
Since the name check is used to compute the IP address, if you pass
this option you must also pass the ``--no-ip-check`` option.
-If you don't wat the instance to automatically start after
+If you don't want the instance to automatically start after
creation, this is possible via the ``--no-start`` option. This will
leave the instance down until a subsequent **gnt-instance start**
command.
The NICs of the instances can be specified via the ``--net``
option. By default, one NIC is created for the instance, with a
-random MAC, and set up according the the cluster level nic
+random MAC, and set up according the the cluster level NIC
parameters. Each NIC can take these parameters (all optional):
mac
ip
specifies the IP address assigned to the instance from the Ganeti
side (this is not necessarily what the instance will use, but what
- the node expects the instance to use)
+ the node expects the instance to use). Note that if an IP in the
+ range of a network configured with **gnt-network**\(8) is used,
+ and the NIC is not already connected to it, this network has to be
+ passed in the **network** parameter if this NIC is meant to be
+ connected to the said network. ``--no-conflicts-check`` can be used
+ to override this check. The special value **pool** causes Ganeti to
+ select an IP from the the network the NIC is or will be connected to.
+ One can pick an externally reserved IP of a network along with
+ ``--no-conflict-check``. Note that this IP cannot be assigned to
+ any other instance until it gets released.
mode
- specifies the connection mode for this nic: routed or bridged.
+ specifies the connection mode for this NIC: routed, bridged or
+ openvswitch.
link
- in bridged mode specifies the bridge to attach this NIC to, in
- routed mode it's intended to differentiate between different
- routing tables/instance groups (but the meaning is dependent on
- the network script, see gnt-cluster(8) for more details)
-
-
-Of these "mode" and "link" are nic parameters, and inherit their
+ in bridged or openvswitch mode specifies the interface to attach
+ this NIC to, in routed mode it's intended to differentiate between
+ different routing tables/instance groups (but the meaning is
+ dependent on the network script, see **gnt-cluster**\(8) for more
+ details). Note that openvswitch support is also hypervisor
+ dependent.
+
+network
+ derives the mode and the link from the settings of the network
+ which is identified by its name. If the network option is chosen,
+ link and mode must not be specified. Note that the mode and link
+ depend on the network-to-nodegroup connection, thus allowing
+ different nodegroups to be connected to the same network in
+ different ways.
+
+name
+ this option specifies a name for the NIC, which can be used as a NIC
+ identifier. An instance can not have two NICs with the same name.
+
+vlan
+ in openvswitch mode specifies the VLANs that the NIC will be
+ connected to. To connect as an access port use ``n`` or ``.n`` with
+ **n** being the VLAN ID. To connect as an trunk port use ``:n[:n]``.
+ A hybrid port can be created with ``.n:n[:n]``
+
+Of these "mode" and "link" are NIC parameters, and inherit their
default at cluster level. Alternatively, if no network is desired for
the instance, you can prevent the default of one NIC with the
``--no-nics`` option.
parameters for the instance. If no such parameters are specified, the
values are inherited from the cluster. Possible parameters are:
-memory
- the memory size of the instance; as usual, suffixes can be used to
- denote the unit, otherwise the value is taken in mebibites
+maxmem
+ the maximum memory size of the instance; as usual, suffixes can be
+ used to denote the unit, otherwise the value is taken in mebibytes
+
+minmem
+ the minimum memory size of the instance; as usual, suffixes can be
+ used to denote the unit, otherwise the value is taken in mebibytes
vcpus
the number of VCPUs to assign to the instance (if this value makes
whether the instance is considered in the N+1 cluster checks
(enough redundancy in the cluster to survive a node failure)
+always\_failover
+ ``True`` or ``False``, whether the instance must be failed over
+ (shut down and rebooted) always or it may be migrated (briefly
+ suspended)
+
+Note that before 2.6 Ganeti had a ``memory`` parameter, which was the
+only value of memory an instance could have. With the
+``maxmem``/``minmem`` change Ganeti guarantees that at least the minimum
+memory is always available for an instance, but allows more memory to be
+used (up to the maximum memory) should it be free.
The ``-H (--hypervisor-parameters)`` option specified the hypervisor
to use for the instance (must be one of the enabled hypervisors on the
n
network boot (PXE)
- The default is not to set an HVM boot order which is interpreted
+ The default is not to set an HVM boot order, which is interpreted
as 'dc'.
For KVM the boot order is either "floppy", "cdrom", "disk" or
- e1000 (KVM)
- paravirtual (default for KVM) (HVM & KVM)
+vif\_type
+ Valid for the Xen HVM hypervisor.
+
+ This parameter specifies the vif type of the nic configuration
+ of the instance. Unsetting the value leads to no type being specified
+ in the configuration. Note that this parameter only takes effect when
+ the 'nic_type' is not set. The possible options are:
+
+ - ioemu
+ - vif
+
disk\_type
Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
instance. The possible options are:
- ioemu [default] (HVM & KVM)
- - ide (HVM & KVM)
+ - paravirtual (HVM & KVM)
+ - ide (KVM)
- scsi (KVM)
- sd (KVM)
- mtd (KVM)
This parameter determines the way the cdroms disks are presented
to the instance. The default behavior is to get the same value of
- the eariler parameter (disk_type). The possible options are:
+ the earlier parameter (disk_type). The possible options are:
- paravirtual
- ide
or specify the address of one of the interfaces on the node to
restrict listening to that interface.
+vnc\_password\_file
+ Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
+
+ Specifies the location of the file containing the password for
+ connections using VNC. The default is a file named
+ vnc-cluster-password which can be found in the configuration
+ directory.
+
vnc\_tls
Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
this case, if the ``spice_ip_version`` parameter is not used, the
default IP version of the cluster will be used.
+spice\_password\_file
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Specifies a file containing the password that must be used when
+ connecting via the SPICE protocol. If the option is not specified,
+ passwordless connections are allowed.
+
+spice\_image\_compression
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Configures the SPICE lossless image compression. Valid values are:
+
+ - auto_glz
+ - auto_lz
+ - quic
+ - glz
+ - lz
+ - off
+
+spice\_jpeg\_wan\_compression
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Configures how SPICE should use the jpeg algorithm for lossy image
+ compression on slow links. Valid values are:
+
+ - auto
+ - never
+ - always
+
+spice\_zlib\_glz\_wan\_compression
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Configures how SPICE should use the zlib-glz algorithm for lossy image
+ compression on slow links. Valid values are:
+
+ - auto
+ - never
+ - always
+
+spice\_streaming\_video
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Configures how SPICE should detect video streams. Valid values are:
+
+ - off
+ - all
+ - filter
+
+spice\_playback\_compression
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Configures whether SPICE should compress audio streams or not.
+
+spice\_use\_tls
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Specifies that the SPICE server must use TLS to encrypt all the
+ traffic with the client.
+
+spice\_tls\_ciphers
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Specifies a list of comma-separated ciphers that SPICE should use
+ for TLS connections. For the format, see man **cipher**\(1).
+
+spice\_use\_vdagent
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Enables or disables passing mouse events via SPICE vdagent.
+
+cpu\_type
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ This parameter determines the emulated cpu for the instance. If this
+ parameter is empty (which is the default configuration), it will not
+ be passed to KVM.
+
+ Be aware of setting this parameter to ``"host"`` if you have nodes
+ with different CPUs from each other. Live migration may stop working
+ in this situation.
+
+ For more information please refer to the KVM manual.
+
acpi
Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
pae
Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
- A boolean option that specifies if the hypervisor should enabled
+ A boolean option that specifies if the hypervisor should enable
PAE support for this instance. The default is false, disabling PAE
support.
+viridian
+ Valid for the Xen HVM hypervisor.
+
+ A boolean option that specifies if the hypervisor should enable
+ viridian (Hyper-V) for this instance. The default is false,
+ disabling viridian support.
+
use\_localtime
Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
This boolean option specifies whether to emulate a serial console
- for the instance.
+ for the instance. Note that some versions of KVM have a bug that
+ will make an instance hang when configured to use the serial console
+ unless a connection is made to it within about 2 seconds of the
+ instance's startup. For such case it's recommended to disable this
+ option, which is enabled by default.
+
+serial\_speed
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ This integer option specifies the speed of the serial console.
+ Common values are 9600, 19200, 38400, 57600 and 115200: choose the
+ one which works on your system. (The default is 38400 for historical
+ reasons, but newer versions of kvm/qemu work with 115200)
disk\_cache
Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
use\_chroot
Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
- This boolean option determines wether to run the KVM instance in a
+ This boolean option determines whether to run the KVM instance in a
chroot directory.
If it is set to ``true``, an empty directory is created before
versions >= 0.11.0.
cpu\_mask
- Valid for the LXC hypervisor.
+ Valid for the Xen, KVM and LXC hypervisors.
The processes belonging to the given instance are only scheduled
on the specified CPUs.
- The parameter format is a comma-separated list of CPU IDs or CPU
- ID ranges. The ranges are defined by a lower and higher boundary,
- separated by a dash. The boundaries are inclusive.
+ The format of the mask can be given in three forms. First, the word
+ "all", which signifies the common case where all VCPUs can live on
+ any CPU, based on the hypervisor's decisions.
+
+ Second, a comma-separated list of CPU IDs or CPU ID ranges. The
+ ranges are defined by a lower and higher boundary, separated by a
+ dash, and the boundaries are inclusive. In this form, all VCPUs of
+ the instance will be mapped on the selected list of CPUs. Example:
+ ``0-2,5``, mapping all VCPUs (no matter how many) onto physical CPUs
+ 0, 1, 2 and 5.
+
+ The last form is used for explicit control of VCPU-CPU pinnings. In
+ this form, the list of VCPU mappings is given as a colon (:)
+ separated list, whose elements are the possible values for the
+ second or first form above. In this form, the number of elements in
+ the colon-separated list _must_ equal the number of VCPUs of the
+ instance.
+
+ Example:
+
+ .. code-block:: bash
+
+ # Map the entire instance to CPUs 0-2
+ gnt-instance modify -H cpu_mask=0-2 my-inst
+
+ # Map vCPU 0 to physical CPU 1 and vCPU 1 to CPU 3 (assuming 2 vCPUs)
+ gnt-instance modify -H cpu_mask=1:3 my-inst
+
+ # Pin vCPU 0 to CPUs 1 or 2, and vCPU 1 to any CPU
+ gnt-instance modify -H cpu_mask=1-2:all my-inst
+
+ # Pin vCPU 0 to any CPU, vCPU 1 to CPUs 1, 3, 4 or 5, and CPU 2 to
+ # CPU 0 (backslashes for escaping the comma)
+ gnt-instance modify -H cpu_mask=all:1\\,3-5:0 my-inst
+
+ # Pin entire VM to CPU 0
+ gnt-instance modify -H cpu_mask=0 my-inst
+
+ # Turn off CPU pinning (default setting)
+ gnt-instance modify -H cpu_mask=all my-inst
+
+cpu\_cap
+ Valid for the Xen hypervisor.
+
+ Set the maximum amount of cpu usage by the VM. The value is a percentage
+ between 0 and (100 * number of VCPUs). Default cap is 0: unlimited.
+
+cpu\_weight
+ Valid for the Xen hypervisor.
+
+ Set the cpu time ratio to be allocated to the VM. Valid values are
+ between 1 and 65535. Default weight is 256.
usb\_mouse
Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
It is set to ``reboot`` by default.
+cpu\_cores
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Number of emulated CPU cores.
+
+cpu\_threads
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Number of emulated CPU threads.
+
+cpu\_sockets
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Number of emulated CPU sockets.
+
+soundhw
+ Valid for the KVM and XEN hypervisors.
+
+ Comma separated list of emulated sounds cards, or "all" to enable
+ all the available ones.
+
+cpuid
+ Valid for the XEN hypervisor.
+
+ Modify the values returned by CPUID_ instructions run within instances.
+
+ This allows you to enable migration between nodes with different CPU
+ attributes like cores, threads, hyperthreading or SS4 support by hiding
+ the extra features where needed.
+
+ See the XEN documentation for syntax and more information.
+
+.. _CPUID: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CPUID
+
+usb\_devices
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Space separated list of usb devices. These can be emulated devices
+ or passthrough ones, and each one gets passed to kvm with its own
+ ``-usbdevice`` option. See the **qemu**\(1) manpage for the syntax
+ of the possible components. Note that values set with this
+ parameter are split on a space character and currently don't support
+ quoting. For backwards compatibility reasons, the RAPI interface keeps
+ accepting comma separated lists too.
+
+vga
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Emulated vga mode, passed the the kvm -vga option.
+
+kvm\_extra
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Any other option to the KVM hypervisor, useful tweaking anything
+ that Ganeti doesn't support. Note that values set with this
+ parameter are split on a space character and currently don't support
+ quoting.
+
+machine\_version
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Use in case an instance must be booted with an exact type of
+ machine version (due to e.g. outdated drivers). In case it's not set
+ the default version supported by your version of kvm is used.
+
+kvm\_path
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ Path to the userspace KVM (or qemu) program.
+
+vnet\_hdr
+ Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
+
+ This boolean option determines whether the tap devices used by the
+ KVM paravirtual nics (virtio-net) will get created with VNET_HDR
+ (IFF_VNET_HDR) support.
+
+ If set to false, it effectively disables offloading on the virio-net
+ interfaces, which prevents host kernel tainting and log flooding,
+ when dealing with broken or malicious virtio-net drivers.
+
+ It is set to ``true`` by default.
The ``-O (--os-parameters)`` option allows customisation of the OS
parameters. The actual parameter names and values depends on the OS
gnt-instance add -O dhcp=yes ...
-The ``-I (--iallocator)`` option specifies the instance allocator
-plugin to use. If you pass in this option the allocator will select
-nodes for this instance automatically, so you don't need to pass them
-with the ``-n`` option. For more information please refer to the
-instance allocator documentation.
+The ``-I (--iallocator)`` option specifies the instance allocator plugin
+to use (``.`` means the default allocator). If you pass in this option
+the allocator will select nodes for this instance automatically, so you
+don't need to pass them with the ``-n`` option. For more information
+please refer to the instance allocator documentation.
The ``-t (--disk-template)`` options specifies the disk layout type
-for the instance. The available choices are:
+for the instance. If no disk template is specified, the default disk
+template is used. The default disk template is the first in the list
+of enabled disk templates, which can be adjusted cluster-wide with
+``gnt-cluster modify``. The available choices for disk templates are:
diskless
This creates an instance with no disks. Its useful for testing only
file
Disk devices will be regular files.
+sharedfile
+ Disk devices will be regulare files on a shared directory.
+
plain
Disk devices will be logical volumes.
drbd
Disk devices will be drbd (version 8.x) on top of lvm volumes.
+rbd
+ Disk devices will be rbd volumes residing inside a RADOS cluster.
+
+blockdev
+ Disk devices will be adopted pre-existent block devices.
+
+ext
+ Disk devices will be provided by external shared storage,
+ through the ExtStorage Interface using ExtStorage providers.
The optional second value of the ``-n (--node)`` is used for the drbd
template type and specifies the remote node.
useful for having different subdirectories for different
instances. The full path of the directory where the disk files are
stored will consist of cluster-wide file storage directory + optional
-subdirectory + instance name. Example:
-``@RPL_FILE_STORAGE_DIR@``*/mysubdir/instance1.example.com*. This
-option is only relevant for instances using the file storage backend.
+subdirectory + instance name. This option is only relevant for
+instances using the file storage backend.
The ``--file-driver`` specifies the driver to use for file-based
disks. Note that currently these drivers work with the xen hypervisor
better performance. Especially if you use a network file system
(e.g. NFS) to store your instances this is the recommended choice.
+blktap2
+ Analogous to the blktap driver, but used by newer versions of Xen.
+
+If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
+during this operation are ignored.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
Example::
- # gnt-instance add -t file --disk 0:size=30g -B memory=512 -o debian-etch \
+ # gnt-instance add -t file --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch \
-n node1.example.com --file-storage-dir=mysubdir instance1.example.com
- # gnt-instance add -t plain --disk 0:size=30g -B memory=512 -o debian-etch \
- -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
+ # gnt-instance add -t plain --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=1024,minmem=512 \
+ -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
# gnt-instance add -t plain --disk 0:size=30g --disk 1:size=100g,vg=san \
- -B memory=512 -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
- # gnt-instance add -t drbd --disk 0:size=30g -B memory=512 -o debian-etch \
+ -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
+ # gnt-instance add -t drbd --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch \
-n node1.example.com:node2.example.com instance2.example.com
+ # gnt-instance add -t rbd --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch \
+ -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
+ # gnt-instance add -t ext --disk 0:size=30g,provider=pvdr1 -B maxmem=512 \
+ -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
+ # gnt-instance add -t ext --disk 0:size=30g,provider=pvdr1,param1=val1 \
+ --disk 1:size=40g,provider=pvdr2,param2=val2,param3=val3 -B maxmem=512 \
+ -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
BATCH-CREATE
^^^^^^^^^^^^
-**batch-create** {instances\_file.json}
+| **batch-create**
+| [{-I|\--iallocator} *instance allocator*]
+| {instances\_file.json}
This command (similar to the Ganeti 1.2 **batcher** tool) submits
-multiple instance creation jobs based on a definition file. The
-instance configurations do not encompass all the possible options for
-the **add** command, but only a subset.
+multiple instance creation jobs based on a definition file. This
+file can contain all options which are valid when adding an instance
+with the exception of the ``iallocator`` field. The IAllocator is,
+for optimization purposes, only allowed to be set for the whole batch
+operation using the ``--iallocator`` parameter.
-The instance file should be a valid-formed JSON file, containing a
-dictionary with instance name and instance parameters. The accepted
-parameters are:
+The instance file must be a valid-formed JSON file, containing an
+array of dictionaries with instance creation parameters. All parameters
+(except ``iallocator``) which are valid for the instance creation
+OP code are allowed. The most important ones are:
-disk\_size
- The size of the disks of the instance.
+instance\_name
+ The FQDN of the new instance.
disk\_template
The disk template to use for the instance, the same as in the
**add** command.
-backend
+disks
+ Array of disk specifications. Each entry describes one disk as a
+ dictionary of disk parameters.
+
+beparams
A dictionary of backend parameters.
hypervisor
- A dictionary with a single key (the hypervisor name), and as value
- the hypervisor options. If not passed, the default hypervisor and
- hypervisor options will be inherited.
+ The hypervisor for the instance.
-mac, ip, mode, link
- Specifications for the one NIC that will be created for the
- instance. 'bridge' is also accepted as a backwards compatibile
- key.
+hvparams
+ A dictionary with the hypervisor options. If not passed, the default
+ hypervisor options will be inherited.
nics
- List of nics that will be created for the instance. Each entry
+ List of NICs that will be created for the instance. Each entry
should be a dict, with mac, ip, mode and link as possible keys.
Please don't provide the "mac, ip, mode, link" parent keys if you
- use this method for specifying nics.
+ use this method for specifying NICs.
-primary\_node, secondary\_node
+pnode, snode
The primary and optionally the secondary node to use for the
- instance (in case an iallocator script is not used).
-
-iallocator
- Instead of specifying the nodes, an iallocator script can be used
- to automatically compute them.
+ instance (in case an iallocator script is not used). If those
+ parameters are given, they have to be given consistently for all
+ instances in the batch operation.
start
whether to start the instance
A simple definition for one instance can be (with most of the
parameters taken from the cluster defaults)::
- {
- "instance3": {
- "template": "drbd",
- "os": "debootstrap",
- "disk_size": ["25G"],
- "iallocator": "dumb"
+ [
+ {
+ "mode": "create",
+ "instance_name": "instance1.example.com",
+ "disk_template": "drbd",
+ "os_type": "debootstrap",
+ "disks": [{"size":"1024"}],
+ "nics": [{}],
+ "hypervisor": "xen-pvm"
},
- "instance5": {
- "template": "drbd",
- "os": "debootstrap",
- "disk_size": ["25G"],
- "iallocator": "dumb",
+ {
+ "mode": "create",
+ "instance_name": "instance2.example.com",
+ "disk_template": "drbd",
+ "os_type": "debootstrap",
+ "disks": [{"size":"4096", "mode": "rw", "vg": "xenvg"}],
+ "nics": [{}],
"hypervisor": "xen-hvm",
"hvparams": {"acpi": true},
- "backend": {"memory": 512}
+ "beparams": {"maxmem": 512, "minmem": 256}
}
- }
+ ]
The command will display the job id for each submitted instance, as
follows::
# gnt-instance batch-create instances.json
- instance3: 11224
- instance5: 11225
+ Submitted jobs 37, 38
+
+
+Note: If the allocator is used for computing suitable nodes for the
+instances, it will only take into account disk information for the
+default disk template. That means, even if other disk templates are
+specified for the instances, storage space information of these disk
+templates will not be considered in the allocation computation.
+
REMOVE
^^^^^^
-**remove** [--ignore-failures] [--shutdown-timeout=*N*] [--submit]
-[--force] {*instance*}
+| **remove** [\--ignore-failures] [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*] [\--submit]
+| [\--print-job-id] [\--force] {*instance*}
Remove an instance. This will remove all data from the instance and
there is *no way back*. If you are not sure if you use an instance
kvm process for KVM, etc.). By default two minutes are given to each
instance to stop.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
-
The ``--force`` option is used to skip the interactive confirmation.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
Example::
# gnt-instance remove instance1.example.com
^^^^
| **list**
-| [--no-headers] [--separator=*SEPARATOR*] [--units=*UNITS*] [-v]
-| [{-o|--output} *[+]FIELD,...*] [--filter] [instance...]
+| [\--no-headers] [\--separator=*SEPARATOR*] [\--units=*UNITS*] [-v]
+| [{-o|\--output} *[+]FIELD,...*] [\--filter] [instance...]
Shows the currently configured instances with memory usage, disk
usage, the node they are running on, and their run status.
a given output unit.
The ``-v`` option activates verbose mode, which changes the display of
-special field states (see **ganeti(7)**).
+special field states (see **ganeti**\(7)).
The ``-o (--output)`` option takes a comma-separated list of output
fields. The available fields and their meaning are:
output fields.
If exactly one argument is given and it appears to be a query filter
-(see **ganeti(7)**), the query result is filtered accordingly. For
+(see **ganeti**\(7)), the query result is filtered accordingly. For
ambiguous cases (e.g. a single field name as a filter) the ``--filter``
(``-F``) option forces the argument to be treated as a filter (e.g.
``gnt-instance list -F admin_state``).
LIST-FIELDS
-~~~~~~~~~~~
+^^^^^^^^^^^
**list-fields** [field...]
INFO
^^^^
-**info** [-s \| --static] [--roman] {--all \| *instance*}
+**info** [-s \| \--static] [\--roman] {\--all \| *instance*}
Show detailed information about the given instance(s). This is
different from **list** as it shows detailed data about the instance's
^^^^^^
| **modify**
-| [{-H|--hypervisor-parameters} *HYPERVISOR\_PARAMETERS*]
-| [{-B|--backend-parameters} *BACKEND\_PARAMETERS*]
-| [--net add*[:options]* \| --net remove \| --net *N:options*]
-| [--disk add:size=*SIZE*[,vg=*VG*][,metavg=*VG*] \| --disk remove \|
-| --disk *N*:mode=*MODE*]
-| [{-t|--disk-template} plain | {-t|--disk-template} drbd -n *new_secondary*] [--no-wait-for-sync]
-| [--os-type=*OS* [--force-variant]]
-| [{-O|--os-parameters} *param*=*value*... ]
-| [--submit]
+| [{-H|\--hypervisor-parameters} *HYPERVISOR\_PARAMETERS*]
+| [{-B|\--backend-parameters} *BACKEND\_PARAMETERS*]
+| [{-m|\--runtime-memory} *SIZE*]
+| [\--net add[:options...] \|
+| \--net [*N*:]add[,options...] \|
+| \--net [*ID*:]remove \|
+| \--net *ID*:modify[,options...]]
+| [\--disk add:size=*SIZE*[,options...] \|
+| \--disk *N*:add,size=*SIZE*[,options...] \|
+| \--disk *N*:add,size=*SIZE*,provider=*PROVIDER*[,options...][,param=*value*... ] \|
+| \--disk *ID*:modify[,options...]
+| \--disk [*ID*:]remove]
+| [{-t|\--disk-template} plain \| {-t|\--disk-template} drbd -n *new_secondary*] [\--no-wait-for-sync]
+| [\--new-primary=*node*]
+| [\--os-type=*OS* [\--force-variant]]
+| [{-O|\--os-parameters} *param*=*value*... ]
+| [\--offline \| \--online]
+| [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy]
+| [\--hotplug]
+| [\--hotplug-if-possible]
| {*instance*}
Modifies the memory size, number of vcpus, ip address, MAC address
-and/or nic parameters for an instance. It can also add and remove
+and/or NIC parameters for an instance. It can also add and remove
disks and NICs to/from the instance. Note that you need to give at
least one of the arguments, otherwise the command complains.
to the ``drbd`` template in order to make the instance available for
startup before DRBD has finished resyncing.
-The ``--disk add:size=``*SIZE* option adds a disk to the instance. The
-optional ``vg=``*VG* option specifies LVM volume group other than
-default vg to create the disk on. For DRBD disks, the ``metavg=``*VG*
-option specifies the volume group for the metadata device. The
-``--disk remove`` option will remove the last disk of the
-instance. The ``--disk`` *N*``:mode=``*MODE* option will change the
-mode of the Nth disk of the instance between read-only (``ro``) and
-read-write (``rw``).
-
-The ``--net add:``*options* option will add a new NIC to the
-instance. The available options are the same as in the **add** command
-(mac, ip, link, mode). The ``--net remove`` will remove the last NIC
-of the instance, while the ``--net`` *N*:*options* option will change
-the parameters of the Nth instance NIC.
+The ``-m (--runtime-memory)`` option will change an instance's runtime
+memory to the given size (in MB if a different suffix is not specified),
+by ballooning it up or down to the new value.
+
+The ``--disk add:size=*SIZE*,[options..]`` option adds a disk to the
+instance, and ``--disk *N*:add:size=*SIZE*,[options..]`` will add a disk
+to the the instance at a specific index. The available options are the
+same as in the **add** command(``spindles``, ``mode``, ``name``, ``vg``,
+``metavg``). Per default, gnt-instance waits for the disk mirror to sync.
+If you do not want this behavior, use the ``--no-wait-for-sync`` option.
+When adding an ExtStorage disk, the ``provider=*PROVIDER*`` option is
+also mandatory and specifies the ExtStorage provider. Also, for
+ExtStorage disks arbitrary parameters can be passed as additional comma
+separated options, same as in the **add** command. The ``--disk remove``
+option will remove the last disk of the instance. Use
+``--disk `` *ID*``:remove`` to remove a disk by its identifier. *ID*
+can be the index of the disk, the disks's name or the disks's UUID. The
+``--disk *ID*:modify[,options...]`` will change the options of the disk.
+Available options are:
+
+mode
+ The access mode. Either ``ro`` (read-only) or the default ``rw`` (read-write).
+
+name
+ This option specifies a name for the disk, which can be used as a disk
+ identifier. An instance can not have two disks with the same name.
+
+The ``--net *N*:add[,options..]`` will add a new network interface to
+the instance. The available options are the same as in the **add**
+command (``mac``, ``ip``, ``link``, ``mode``, ``network``). The
+``--net *ID*,remove`` will remove the intances' NIC with *ID* identifier,
+which can be the index of the NIC, the NIC's name or the NIC's UUID.
+The ``--net *ID*:modify[,options..]`` option will change the parameters of
+the instance network interface with the *ID* identifier.
The option ``-o (--os-type)`` will change the OS name for the instance
(without reinstallation). In case an OS variant is specified that is
``--force-variant`` is passed. An invalid OS will also be refused,
unless the ``--force`` option is given.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
-
-All the changes take effect at the next restart. If the instance is
+The option ``--new-primary`` will set the new primary node of an instance
+assuming the disks have already been moved manually. Unless the ``--force``
+option is given, it is verified that the instance is no longer running
+on its current primary node.
+
+The ``--online`` and ``--offline`` options are used to transition an
+instance into and out of the ``offline`` state. An instance can be
+turned offline only if it was previously down. The ``--online`` option
+fails if the instance was not in the ``offline`` state, otherwise it
+changes instance's state to ``down``. These modifications take effect
+immediately.
+
+If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
+during this operation are ignored.
+
+If ``--hotplug`` is given any disk and NIC modifications will take
+effect without the need of actual reboot. Please note that this feature
+is currently supported only for KVM hypervisor and there are some
+restrictions: a) KVM versions >= 1.0 support it b) instances with chroot
+or uid pool security model do not support disk hotplug c) RBD disks with
+userspace access mode can not be hotplugged (yet) d) if hotplug fails
+(for any reason) a warning is printed but execution is continued e)
+for existing NIC modification interactive verification is needed unless
+``--force`` option is passed.
+
+If ``--hotplug-if-possible`` is given then ganeti won't abort in case
+hotplug is not supported. It will continue execution and modification
+will take place after reboot. This covers use cases where instances are
+not running or hypervisor is not KVM.
+
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
+Most of the changes take effect at the next restart. If the instance is
running, there is no effect on the instance.
REINSTALL
^^^^^^^^^
-| **reinstall** [{-o|--os-type} *os-type*] [--select-os] [-f *force*]
-| [--force-multiple]
-| [--instance \| --node \| --primary \| --secondary \| --all]
-| [{-O|--os-parameters} *OS\_PARAMETERS*] [--submit] {*instance*...}
+| **reinstall** [{-o|\--os-type} *os-type*] [\--select-os] [-f *force*]
+| [\--force-multiple]
+| [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all]
+| [{-O|\--os-parameters} *OS\_PARAMETERS*] [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| {*instance*...}
Reinstalls the operating system on the given instance(s). The
instance(s) must be stopped when running this command. If the ``-o
or ``--all`` options), the user must pass the ``--force-multiple``
options to skip the interactive confirmation.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
RENAME
^^^^^^
-| **rename** [--no-ip-check] [--no-name-check] [--submit]
+| **rename** [\--no-ip-check] [\--no-name-check] [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
| {*instance*} {*new\_name*}
Renames the given instance. The instance must be stopped when running
the next time the instance is started). The IP test can be skipped if
the ``--no-ip-check`` option is passed.
+Note that you can rename an instance to its same name, to force
+re-executing the os-specific rename script for that instance, if
+needed.
+
The ``--no-name-check`` skips the check for the new instance name via
the resolver (e.g. in DNS or /etc/hosts, depending on your setup) and
that the resolved name matches the provided name. Since the name check
is used to compute the IP address, if you pass this option you must also
pass the ``--no-ip-check`` option.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
Starting/stopping/connecting to console
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
^^^^^^^
| **startup**
-| [--force] [--ignore-offline]
-| [--force-multiple] [--no-remember]
-| [--instance \| --node \| --primary \| --secondary \| --all \|
-| --tags \| --node-tags \| --pri-node-tags \| --sec-node-tags]
-| [{-H|--hypervisor-parameters} ``key=value...``]
-| [{-B|--backend-parameters} ``key=value...``]
-| [--submit] [--paused]
+| [\--force] [\--ignore-offline]
+| [\--force-multiple] [\--no-remember]
+| [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all \|
+| \--tags \| \--node-tags \| \--pri-node-tags \| \--sec-node-tags]
+| [{-H|\--hypervisor-parameters} ``key=value...``]
+| [{-B|\--backend-parameters} ``key=value...``]
+| [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] [\--paused]
| {*name*...}
Starts one or more instances, depending on the following options. The
four available modes are:
---instance
+\--instance
will start the instances given as arguments (at least one argument
required); this is the default selection
---node
+\--node
will start the instances who have the given node as either primary
or secondary
---primary
+\--primary
will start all instances whose primary node is in the list of nodes
passed as arguments (at least one node required)
---secondary
+\--secondary
will start all instances whose secondary node is in the list of
nodes passed as arguments (at least one node required)
---all
+\--all
will start all instances in the cluster (no arguments accepted)
---tags
+\--tags
will start all instances in the cluster with the tags given as
arguments
---node-tags
+\--node-tags
will start all instances in the cluster on nodes with the tags
given as arguments
---pri-node-tags
+\--pri-node-tags
will start all instances in the cluster on primary nodes with the
tags given as arguments
---sec-node-tags
+\--sec-node-tags
will start all instances in the cluster on secondary nodes with the
tags given as arguments
The ``--no-remember`` option will perform the startup but not change
the state of the instance in the configuration file (if it was stopped
-before, Ganeti will still thinks it needs to be stopped). This can be
+before, Ganeti will still think it needs to be stopped). This can be
used for testing, or for a one shot-start where you don't want the
watcher to restart the instance if it crashes.
forth, e.g.::
# gnt-instance start -H kernel_args="single" instance1
- # gnt-instance start -B memory=2048 instance2
+ # gnt-instance start -B maxmem=2048 instance2
The first form will start the instance instance1 in single-user mode,
that is the actual instance memory size already). Note that the values
override the instance parameters (and not extend them): an instance
with "kernel\_args=ro" when started with -H kernel\_args=single will
-result in "single", not "ro single". The ``--submit`` option is used
-to send the job to the master daemon but not wait for its
-completion. The job ID will be shown so that it can be examined via
-**gnt-job info**.
+result in "single", not "ro single".
The ``--paused`` option is only valid for Xen and kvm hypervisors. This
pauses the instance at the start of bootup, awaiting ``gnt-instance
console`` to unpause it, allowing the entire boot process to be
monitored for debugging.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
Example::
# gnt-instance start instance1.example.com
^^^^^^^^
| **shutdown**
-| [--timeout=*N*]
-| [--force-multiple] [--ignore-offline] [--no-remember]
-| [--instance \| --node \| --primary \| --secondary \| --all \|
-| --tags \| --node-tags \| --pri-node-tags \| --sec-node-tags]
-| [--submit]
+| [\--timeout=*N*]
+| [\--force] [\--force-multiple] [\--ignore-offline] [\--no-remember]
+| [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all \|
+| \--tags \| \--node-tags \| \--pri-node-tags \| \--sec-node-tags]
+| [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
| {*name*...}
Stops one or more instances. If the instance cannot be cleanly stopped
``--sec-node-tags`` options are similar as for the **startup** command
and they influence the actual instances being shutdown.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
-
``--ignore-offline`` can be used to ignore offline primary nodes and
force the instance to be marked as stopped. This option should be used
with care as it can lead to an inconsistent cluster state.
+Use ``--force`` to be able to shutdown an instance even when it's marked
+as offline. This is useful is an offline instance ends up in the
+``ERROR_up`` state, for example.
+
The ``--no-remember`` option will perform the shutdown but not change
the state of the instance in the configuration file (if it was running
before, Ganeti will still thinks it needs to be running). This can be
``--no-remember``, and when the watcher is activated again it will
restore the correct runtime state for all instances.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
Example::
# gnt-instance shutdown instance1.example.com
^^^^^^
| **reboot**
-| [{-t|--type} *REBOOT-TYPE*]
-| [--ignore-secondaries]
-| [--shutdown-timeout=*N*]
-| [--force-multiple]
-| [--instance \| --node \| --primary \| --secondary \| --all \|
-| --tags \| --node-tags \| --pri-node-tags \| --sec-node-tags]
-| [--submit]
+| [{-t|\--type} *REBOOT-TYPE*]
+| [\--ignore-secondaries]
+| [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*]
+| [\--force-multiple]
+| [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all \|
+| \--tags \| \--node-tags \| \--pri-node-tags \| \--sec-node-tags]
+| [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
| [*name*...]
Reboots one or more instances. The type of reboot depends on the value
The ``--force-multiple`` will skip the interactive confirmation in the
case the more than one instance will be affected.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
Example::
# gnt-instance reboot instance1.example.com
CONSOLE
^^^^^^^
-**console** [--show-cmd] {*instance*}
+**console** [\--show-cmd] {*instance*}
Connects to the console of the given instance. If the instance is not
up, an error is returned. Use the ``--show-cmd`` option to display the
REPLACE-DISKS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-**replace-disks** [--submit] [--early-release] {-p} [--disks *idx*]
-{*instance*}
+| **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] [\--early-release]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy] {-p} [\--disks *idx*] {*instance*}
-**replace-disks** [--submit] [--early-release] {-s} [--disks *idx*]
-{*instance*}
+| **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] [\--early-release]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy] {-s} [\--disks *idx*] {*instance*}
-**replace-disks** [--submit] [--early-release] {--iallocator *name*
-\| --new-secondary *NODE*} {*instance*}
+| **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] [\--early-release]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy]
+| {{-I\|\--iallocator} *name* \| {{-n|\--new-secondary} *node* } {*instance*}
-**replace-disks** [--submit] [--early-release] {--auto}
-{*instance*}
+| **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] [\--early-release]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy] {-a\|\--auto} {*instance*}
This command is a generalized form for replacing disks. It is
currently only valid for the mirrored (DRBD) disk template.
the first and third disks.
The third form (when passing either the ``--iallocator`` or the
-``--new-secondary`` option) is designed to change secondary node of
-the instance. Specifying ``--iallocator`` makes the new secondary be
-selected automatically by the specified allocator plugin, otherwise
-the new secondary node will be the one chosen manually via the
-``--new-secondary`` option.
+``--new-secondary`` option) is designed to change secondary node of the
+instance. Specifying ``--iallocator`` makes the new secondary be
+selected automatically by the specified allocator plugin (use ``.`` to
+indicate the default allocator), otherwise the new secondary node will
+be the one chosen manually via the ``--new-secondary`` option.
+
+Note that it is not possible to select an offline or drained node as a
+new secondary.
The fourth form (when using ``--auto``) will automatically determine
which disks of an instance are faulty and replace them within the same
faulty disks on either the primary or secondary node; it doesn't work
when both sides have faulty disks.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
-
The ``--early-release`` changes the code so that the old storage on
secondary node(s) is removed early (before the resync is completed)
and the internal Ganeti locks for the current (and new, if any)
broken) or when the storage on the primary node is known to be fine
(thus we won't need the old storage for potential recovery).
-Note that it is not possible to select an offline or drained node as a
-new secondary.
+The ``--ignore-ipolicy`` let the command ignore instance policy
+violations if replace-disks changes groups and the instance would
+violate the new groups instance policy.
+
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
ACTIVATE-DISKS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-**activate-disks** [--submit] [--ignore-size] {*instance*}
+| **activate-disks** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] [\--ignore-size]
+| [\--wait-for-sync] {*instance*}
Activates the block devices of the given instance. If successful, the
command will show the location and name of the block devices::
the devices have been activated. The *disk/0* and *disk/1* are the
Ganeti-names of the instance disks; how they are visible inside the
instance is hypervisor-specific. */dev/drbd0* and */dev/drbd1* are the
-actual block devices as visible on the node. The ``--submit`` option
-is used to send the job to the master daemon but not wait for its
-completion. The job ID will be shown so that it can be examined via
-**gnt-job info**.
+actual block devices as visible on the node.
The ``--ignore-size`` option can be used to activate disks ignoring
the currently configured size in Ganeti. This can be used in cases
in LVM devices). This should not be used in normal cases, but only
when activate-disks fails without it.
+The ``--wait-for-sync`` option will ensure that the command returns only
+after the instance's disks are synchronised (mostly for DRBD); this can
+be useful to ensure consistency, as otherwise there are no commands that
+can wait until synchronisation is done. However when passing this
+option, the command will have additional output, making it harder to
+parse the disk information.
+
Note that it is safe to run this command while the instance is already
running.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
DEACTIVATE-DISKS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-**deactivate-disks** [-f] [--submit] {*instance*}
+**deactivate-disks** [-f] [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] {*instance*}
De-activates the block devices of the given instance. Note that if you
run this command for an instance with a drbd disk template, while it
the disks. This can still fail due to the instance actually running or
other issues.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
GROW-DISK
^^^^^^^^^
-**grow-disk** [--no-wait-for-sync] [--submit] {*instance*} {*disk*}
-{*amount*}
+| **grow-disk** [\--no-wait-for-sync] [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [\--absolute]
+| {*instance*} {*disk*} {*amount*}
Grows an instance's disk. This is only possible for instances having a
-plain or drbd disk template.
+plain, drbd, file, sharedfile, rbd or ext disk template. For the ext
+template to work, the ExtStorage provider should also support growing.
+This means having a ``grow`` script that actually grows the volume of
+the external shared storage.
Note that this command only change the block device size; it will not
grow the actual filesystems, partitions, etc. that live on that
#. reboot the instance (later, at a convenient time)
-#. use a filesystem resizer, such as ext2online(8) or
- xfs\_growfs(8) to resize the filesystem, or use fdisk(8) to change
- the partition table on the disk
+#. use a filesystem resizer, such as **ext2online**\(8) or
+ **xfs\_growfs**\(8) to resize the filesystem, or use **fdisk**\(8) to
+ change the partition table on the disk
The *disk* argument is the index of the instance disk to grow. The
-*amount* argument is given either as a number (and it represents the
-amount to increase the disk with in mebibytes) or can be given similar
-to the arguments in the create instance operation, with a suffix
-denoting the unit.
+*amount* argument is given as a number which can have a suffix (like the
+disk size in instance create); if the suffix is missing, the value will
+be interpreted as mebibytes.
+
+By default, the *amount* value represents the desired increase in the
+disk size (e.g. an amount of 1G will take a disk of size 3G to 4G). If
+the optional ``--absolute`` parameter is passed, then the *amount*
+argument doesn't represent the delta, but instead the desired final disk
+size (e.g. an amount of 8G will take a disk of size 4G to 8G).
-Note that the disk grow operation might complete on one node but fail
-on the other; this will leave the instance with different-sized LVs on
-the two nodes, but this will not create problems (except for unused
-space).
+For instances with a drbd template, note that the disk grow operation
+might complete on one node but fail on the other; this will leave the
+instance with different-sized LVs on the two nodes, but this will not
+create problems (except for unused space).
If you do not want gnt-instance to wait for the new disk region to be
synced, use the ``--no-wait-for-sync`` option.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
Example (increase the first disk for instance1 by 16GiB)::
# gnt-instance grow-disk instance1.example.com 0 16g
+Example for increasing the disk size to a certain size::
+
+ # gnt-instance grow-disk --absolute instance1.example.com 0 32g
Also note that disk shrinking is not supported; use **gnt-backup
export** and then **gnt-backup import** to reduce the disk size of an
RECREATE-DISKS
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-**recreate-disks** [--submit] [--disks=``indices``] [-n node1:[node2]]
- {*instance*}
+| **recreate-disks** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [{-n node1:[node2] \| {-I\|\--iallocator *name*}}]
+| [\--disk=*N*[:[size=*VAL*][,spindles=*VAL*][,mode=*ro\|rw*]]] {*instance*}
-Recreates the disks of the given instance, or only a subset of the
-disks (if the option ``disks`` is passed, which must be a
-comma-separated list of disk indices, starting from zero).
+Recreates all or a subset of disks of the given instance.
Note that this functionality should only be used for missing disks; if
any of the given disks already exists, the operation will fail. While
this is suboptimal, recreate-disks should hopefully not be needed in
normal operation and as such the impact of this is low.
+If only a subset should be recreated, any number of ``disk`` options can
+be specified. It expects a disk index and an optional list of disk
+parameters to change. Only ``size``, ``spindles``, and ``mode`` can be
+changed while recreating disks. To recreate all disks while changing
+parameters on a subset only, a ``--disk`` option must be given for every
+disk of the instance.
+
Optionally the instance's disks can be recreated on different
nodes. This can be useful if, for example, the original nodes of the
instance have gone down (and are marked offline), so we can't recreate
on the same nodes. To do this, pass the new node(s) via ``-n`` option,
with a syntax similar to the **add** command. The number of nodes
passed must equal the number of nodes that the instance currently
-has. Note that changing nodes is only allowed for 'all disk'
-replacement (when ``--disks`` is not passed).
+has. Note that changing nodes is only allowed when all disks are
+replaced, e.g. when no ``--disk`` option is passed.
+
+Another method of choosing which nodes to place the instance on is by
+using the specified iallocator, passing the ``--iallocator`` option.
+The primary and secondary nodes will be chosen by the specified
+iallocator plugin, or by the default allocator if ``.`` is specified.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
-Recovery
-~~~~~~~~
+Recovery/moving
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
FAILOVER
^^^^^^^^
-**failover** [-f] [--ignore-consistency] [--shutdown-timeout=*N*]
-[--submit] {*instance*}
+| **failover** [-f] [\--ignore-consistency] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
+| [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*]
+| [{-n|\--target-node} *node* \| {-I|\--iallocator} *name*]
+| [\--cleanup]
+| [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| {*instance*}
Failover will stop the instance (if running), change its primary node,
and if it was originally running it will start it again (on the new
-primary). This only works for instances with drbd template (in which
-case you can only fail to the secondary node) and for externally
-mirrored templates (shared storage) (which can change to any other
-node).
+primary). This works for instances with drbd template (in which case you
+can only fail to the secondary node) and for externally mirrored
+templates (sharedfile, blockdev, rbd and ext) (in which case you can
+fail to any other node).
+
+If the instance's disk template is of type sharedfile, blockdev, rbd or
+ext, then you can explicitly specify the target node (which can be any
+node) using the ``-n`` or ``--target-node`` option, or specify an
+iallocator plugin using the ``-I`` or ``--iallocator`` option. If you
+omit both, the default iallocator will be used to specify the target
+node.
+
+If the instance's disk template is of type drbd, the target node is
+automatically selected as the drbd's secondary node. Changing the
+secondary node is possible with a replace-disks operation.
Normally the failover will check the consistency of the disks before
failing over the instance. If you are trying to migrate instances off
process, for kvm). By default two minutes are given to each instance
to stop.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
+during this operation are ignored.
+
+If the ``--cleanup`` option is passed, the operation changes from
+performin a failover to attempting recovery from a failed previous failover.
+In this mode, Ganeti checks if the instance runs on the correct node (and
+updates its configuration if not) and ensures the instances' disks
+are configured correctly.
+
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
Example::
# gnt-instance failover instance1.example.com
+For externally mirrored templates also ``-n`` is available::
+
+ # gnt-instance failover -n node3.example.com instance1.example.com
+
MIGRATE
^^^^^^^
-**migrate** [-f] {--cleanup} {*instance*}
+| **migrate** [-f] [\--allow-failover] [\--non-live]
+| [\--migration-mode=live\|non-live] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
+| [\--no-runtime-changes] [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [{-n|\--target-node} *node* \| {-I|\--iallocator} *name*] {*instance*}
-**migrate** [-f] [--allow-failover] [--non-live]
-[--migration-mode=live\|non-live] {*instance*}
+| **migrate** [-f] \--cleanup [\--submit] [\--print-job-id] {*instance*}
-Migrate will move the instance to its secondary node without
-shutdown. It only works for instances having the drbd8 disk template
-type.
+Migrate will move the instance to its secondary node without shutdown.
+As with failover, it works for instances having the drbd disk template
+or an externally mirrored disk template type such as sharedfile,
+blockdev, rbd or ext.
-The migration command needs a perfectly healthy instance, as we rely
-on the dual-master capability of drbd8 and the disks of the instance
-are not allowed to be degraded.
+If the instance's disk template is of type sharedfile, blockdev, rbd or
+ext, then you can explicitly specify the target node (which can be any
+node) using the ``-n`` or ``--target-node`` option, or specify an
+iallocator plugin using the ``-I`` or ``--iallocator`` option. If you
+omit both, the default iallocator will be used to specify the target
+node. Alternatively, the default iallocator can be requested by
+specifying ``.`` as the name of the plugin.
+
+If the instance's disk template is of type drbd, the target node is
+automatically selected as the drbd's secondary node. Changing the
+secondary node is possible with a replace-disks operation.
+
+The migration command needs a perfectly healthy instance for drbd
+instances, as we rely on the dual-master capability of drbd8 and the
+disks of the instance are not allowed to be degraded.
The ``--non-live`` and ``--migration-mode=non-live`` options will
switch (for the hypervisors that support it) between a "fully live"
viewed with the **gnt-cluster info** command).
If the ``--cleanup`` option is passed, the operation changes from
-migration to attempting recovery from a failed previous migration. In
+migration to attempting recovery from a failed previous migration. In
this mode, Ganeti checks if the instance runs on the correct node (and
-updates its configuration if not) and ensures the instances's disks
+updates its configuration if not) and ensures the instances' disks
are configured correctly. In this mode, the ``--non-live`` option is
ignored.
The option ``-f`` will skip the prompting for confirmation.
If ``--allow-failover`` is specified it tries to fallback to failover if
-it already can determine that a migration wont work (i.e. if the
-instance is shutdown). Please note that the fallback will not happen
+it already can determine that a migration won't work (e.g. if the
+instance is shut down). Please note that the fallback will not happen
during execution. If a migration fails during execution it still fails.
+If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
+during this operation are ignored.
+
+The ``--no-runtime-changes`` option forbids migrate to alter an
+instance's runtime before migrating it (eg. ballooning an instance
+down because the target node doesn't have enough available memory).
+
+If an instance has the backend parameter ``always_failover`` set to
+true, then the migration is automatically converted into a failover.
+
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
Example (and expected output)::
# gnt-instance migrate instance1
- Migrate will happen to the instance instance1. Note that migration is
- **experimental** in this version. This might impact the instance if
- anything goes wrong. Continue?
+ Instance instance1 will be migrated. Note that migration
+ might impact the instance if anything goes wrong (e.g. due to bugs in
+ the hypervisor). Continue?
y/[n]/?: y
+ Migrating instance instance1.example.com
* checking disk consistency between source and target
- * ensuring the target is in secondary mode
+ * switching node node2.example.com to secondary mode
+ * changing into standalone mode
* changing disks into dual-master mode
- - INFO: Waiting for instance instance1 to sync disks.
- - INFO: Instance instance1's disks are in sync.
+ * wait until resync is done
+ * preparing node2.example.com to accept the instance
* migrating instance to node2.example.com
- * changing the instance's disks on source node to secondary
- - INFO: Waiting for instance instance1 to sync disks.
- - INFO: Instance instance1's disks are in sync.
- * changing the instance's disks to single-master
+ * switching node node1.example.com to secondary mode
+ * wait until resync is done
+ * changing into standalone mode
+ * changing disks into single-master mode
+ * wait until resync is done
+ * done
#
MOVE
^^^^
-**move** [-f] [--ignore-consistency]
-[-n *node*] [--shutdown-timeout=*N*] [--submit]
-{*instance*}
+| **move** [-f] [\--ignore-consistency]
+| [-n *node*] [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*] [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [\--ignore-ipolicy]
+| {*instance*}
-Move will move the instance to an arbitrary node in the cluster. This
+Move will move the instance to an arbitrary node in the cluster. This
works only for instances having a plain or file disk template.
Note that since this operation is done via data copy, it will take a
The ``--ignore-consistency`` option will make Ganeti ignore any errors
in trying to shutdown the instance on its node; useful if the
-hypervisor is broken and you want to recuperate the data.
+hypervisor is broken and you want to recover the data.
+
+If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
+during this operation are ignored.
-The ``--submit`` option is used to send the job to the master daemon
-but not wait for its completion. The job ID will be shown so that it
-can be examined via **gnt-job info**.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
Example::
CHANGE-GROUP
-~~~~~~~~~~~~
+^^^^^^^^^^^^
-**change-group** [--iallocator *NAME*] [--to *GROUP*...] {*instance*}
+| **change-group** [\--submit] [\--print-job-id]
+| [\--iallocator *NAME*] [\--to *GROUP*...] {*instance*}
This command moves an instance to another node group. The move is
calculated by an iallocator, either given on the command line or as a
-cluster default.
+cluster default. Note that the iallocator does only consider disk
+information of the default disk template, even if the instances'
+disk templates differ from that.
If no specific destination groups are specified using ``--to``, all
groups except the one containing the instance are considered.
+See **ganeti**\(7) for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
+options.
+
Example::
# gnt-instance change-group -I hail --to rack2 inst1.example.com
-TAGS
+Tags
~~~~
ADD-TAGS
^^^^^^^^
-**add-tags** [--from *file*] {*instancename*} {*tag*...}
+**add-tags** [\--from *file*] {*instancename*} {*tag*...}
Add tags to the given instance. If any of the tags contains invalid
characters, the entire operation will abort.
REMOVE-TAGS
^^^^^^^^^^^
-**remove-tags** [--from *file*] {*instancename*} {*tag*...}
+**remove-tags** [\--from *file*] {*instancename*} {*tag*...}
Remove tags from the given instance. If any of the tags are not
existing on the node, the entire operation will abort.
projects / ganeti-local / blobdiff