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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook V4.2//EN" [ |
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]> |
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<article class="specification"> |
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<articleinfo> |
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<title>Ganeti automatic instance allocation</title> |
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</articleinfo> |
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<para>Documents Ganeti version 1.2</para> |
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<sect1> |
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<title>Introduction</title> |
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|
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<para>Currently in Ganeti the admin has to specify the exact |
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locations for an instance's node(s). This prevents a completely |
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automatic node evacuation, and is in general a nuisance.</para> |
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|
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<para>The <acronym>iallocator</acronym> framework will enable |
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automatic placement via external scripts, which allows |
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customization of the cluster layout per the site's |
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requirements.</para> |
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|
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</sect1> |
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|
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<sect1> |
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<title>User-visible changes</title> |
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|
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<para>There are two parts of the ganeti operation that are |
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impacted by the auto-allocation: how the cluster knows what the |
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allocator algorithms are and how the admin uses these in creating |
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instances.</para> |
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|
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<para>An allocation algorithm is just the filename of a program |
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installed in a defined list of directories.</para> |
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|
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<sect2> |
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<title>Cluster configuration</title> |
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|
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<para>At configure time, the list of the directories can be |
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selected via the |
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<option>--with-iallocator-search-path=LIST</option> option, |
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where <userinput>LIST</userinput> is a comma-separated list of |
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directories. If not given, this defaults to |
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<constant>$libdir/ganeti/iallocators</constant>, i.e. for an |
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installation under <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>, |
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this will be <filename |
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class="directory">/usr/lib/ganeti/iallocators</filename>.</para> |
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|
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<para>Ganeti will then search for allocator script in the |
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configured list, using the first one whose filename matches the |
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one given by the user.</para> |
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|
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</sect2> |
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|
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<sect2> |
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<title>Command line interface changes</title> |
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|
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<para>The node selection options in instanece add and instance |
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replace disks can be replace by the new <option>--iallocator |
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<replaceable>NAME</replaceable></option> option, which will |
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cause the autoassignation. The selected node(s) will be show as |
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part of the command output.</para> |
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|
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</sect2> |
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|
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</sect1> |
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|
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<sect1> |
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<title>IAllocator API</title> |
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|
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<para>The protocol for communication between Ganeti and an |
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allocator script will be the following:</para> |
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|
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<orderedlist> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>ganeti launches the program with a single argument, a |
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filename that contains a JSON-encoded structure (the input |
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message)</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>if the script finishes with exit code different from |
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zero, it is considered a general failure and the full output |
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will be reported to the users; this can be the case when the |
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allocator can't parse the input message;</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>if the allocator finishes with exit code zero, it is |
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expected to output (on its stdout) a JSON-encoded structure |
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(the response)</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</orderedlist> |
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|
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<sect2> |
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<title>Input message</title> |
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|
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<para>The input message will be the JSON encoding of a |
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dictionary containing the following:</para> |
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|
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>version</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the version of the protocol; this document |
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specifies version 1</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>cluster_name</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the cluster name</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>cluster_tags</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the list of cluster tags</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>request</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>a dictionary containing the request data:</simpara> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>type</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the request type; this can be either |
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<literal>allocate</literal> or |
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<literal>relocate</literal>; the |
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<literal>allocate</literal> request is used when a |
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new instance needs to be placed on the cluster, |
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while the <literal>relocate</literal> request is |
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used when an existing instance needs to be moved |
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within the cluster</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>name</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the name of the instance; if the request is |
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a realocation, then this name will be found in the |
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list of instances (see below), otherwise is the |
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<acronym>FQDN</acronym> of the new |
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instance</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>required_nodes</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>how many nodes should the algorithm return; |
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while this information can be deduced from the |
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instace's disk template, it's better if this |
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computation is left to Ganeti as then allocator |
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scripts are less sensitive to changes to the disk |
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templates</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>disk_space_total</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the total disk space that will be used by |
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this instance on the (new) nodes; again, this |
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information can be computed from the list of |
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instance disks and its template type, but Ganeti is |
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better suited to compute it</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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<simpara>If the request is an allocation, then there are |
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extra fields in the request dictionary:</simpara> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>disks</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>list of dictionaries holding the disk |
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definitions for this instance (in the order they are |
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exported to the hypervisor):</simpara> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>mode</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>either <literal>w</literal> or |
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<literal>w</literal> denoting if the disk is |
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read-only or writable; for Ganeti 1.2, this |
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will always be <literal>w</literal</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>size</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the size of this disk in mebibyte</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>nics</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>a list of dictionaries holding the network |
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interfaces for this instance, containing:</simpara> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>ip</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the IP address that Ganeti know for |
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this instance, or null</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>mac</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the MAC address for this interface</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>bridge</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the bridge to which this interface |
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will be connected</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>vcpus</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the number of VCPUs for the instance</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>disk_template</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the disk template for the instance</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>memory</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the memory size for the instance</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>os</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the OS type for the instance</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>tags</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the list of the instance's tags</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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<simpara>If the request is of type relocate, then there is |
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one more entry in the request dictionary, named |
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<varname>relocate_from</varname>, and it contains a list |
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of nodes to move the instance away from; note that with |
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Ganeti 1.2, this list will always contain a single node, |
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the current secondary of the instance.</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>instances</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>a dictionary with the data for the current |
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existing instance on the cluster, indexed by instance |
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name; the contents are similar to the instance definitions |
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for the allocate mode, with the addition of:</simpara> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>should_run</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>if this instance is set to run (but not the |
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actual status of the instance)</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>nodes</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>list of nodes on which this instance is |
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placed; the primary node of the instance is always |
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the first one</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>nodes</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>dictionary with the data for the nodes in the |
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cluster, indexed by the node name; the dict |
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contains:</simpara> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>total_disk</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the total disk size of this node |
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(mebibytes)</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>free_disk</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the free disk space on the node</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>total_memory</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the total memory size</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>free_memory</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>free memory on the node; note that |
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currently this does not take into account the |
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instances which are down on the node</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>total_cpus</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the physical number of CPUs present on the |
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machine; depending on the hypervisor, this might or |
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might not be equal to how many CPUs the node |
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operating system sees;</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>primary_ip</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the primary IP address of the |
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node</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>secondary_ip</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the secondary IP address of the node (the |
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one used for the DRBD replication); note that this |
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can be the same as the primary one</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>tags</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>list with the tags of the node</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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|
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</sect2> |
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|
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<sect2> |
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<title>Respone message</title> |
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|
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<para>The response message is much more simple than the input |
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one. It is also a dict having three keys:</para> |
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<variablelist> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>success</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>a boolean value denoting if the allocation was |
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successfull or not</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>info</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>a string with information from the scripts; if |
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the allocation fails, this will be shown to the |
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user</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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<varlistentry> |
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<term>nodes</term> |
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<listitem> |
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<simpara>the list of nodes computed by the algorithm; even |
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if the algorithm failed (i.e. success is false), this must |
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be returned as an empty list; also note that the length of |
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this list must equal the |
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<varname>requested_nodes</varname> entry in the input |
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message, otherwise Ganeti will consider the result as |
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failed</simpara> |
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</listitem> |
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</varlistentry> |
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</variablelist> |
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</sect2> |
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</sect1> |
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|
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<sect1> |
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<title>Examples</title> |
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<sect2> |
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<title>Input messages to scripts</title> |
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<simpara>Input message, new instance allocation</simpara> |
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<screen> |
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{ |
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"cluster_tags": [], |
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"request": { |
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"required_nodes": 2, |
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"name": "instance3.example.com", |
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"tags": [ |
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"type:test", |
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"owner:foo" |
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], |
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"type": "allocate", |
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"disks": [ |
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{ |
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"mode": "w", |
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"size": 1024 |
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}, |
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{ |
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"mode": "w", |
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"size": 2048 |
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} |
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], |
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"nics": [ |
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{ |
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"ip": null, |
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"mac": "00:11:22:33:44:55", |
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"bridge": null |
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} |
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], |
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"vcpus": 1, |
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"disk_template": "drbd", |
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"memory": 2048, |
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"disk_space_total": 3328, |
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"os": "etch-image" |
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}, |
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"cluster_name": "cluster1.example.com", |
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"instances": { |
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"instance1.example.com": { |
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"tags": [], |
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"should_run": false, |
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"disks": [ |
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{ |
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"mode": "w", |
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"size": 64 |
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}, |
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{ |
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"mode": "w", |
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"size": 512 |
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} |
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], |
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"nics": [ |
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{ |
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"ip": null, |
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"mac": "aa:00:00:00:60:bf", |
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"bridge": "xen-br0" |
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} |
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], |
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"vcpus": 1, |
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"disk_template": "plain", |
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"memory": 128, |
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"nodes": [ |
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"nodee1.com" |
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], |
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"os": "etch-image" |
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}, |
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"instance2.example.com": { |
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"tags": [], |
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"should_run": false, |
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"disks": [ |
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{ |
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"mode": "w", |
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"size": 512 |
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}, |
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{ |
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"mode": "w", |
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"size": 256 |
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} |
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], |
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"nics": [ |
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{ |
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"ip": null, |
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"mac": "aa:00:00:55:f8:38", |
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"bridge": "xen-br0" |
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} |
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], |
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"vcpus": 1, |
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"disk_template": "drbd", |
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"memory": 512, |
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"nodes": [ |
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"node2.example.com", |
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"node3.example.com" |
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], |
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"os": "etch-image" |
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} |
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}, |
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"version": 1, |
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"nodes": { |
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"node1.example.com": { |
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"total_disk": 858276, |
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"primary_ip": "192.168.1.1", |
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"secondary_ip": "192.168.2.1", |
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"tags": [], |
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"free_memory": 3505, |
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"free_disk": 856740, |
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"total_memory": 4095 |
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}, |
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"node2.example.com": { |
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"total_disk": 858240, |
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"primary_ip": "192.168.1.3", |
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"secondary_ip": "192.168.2.3", |
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"tags": ["test"], |
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"free_memory": 3505, |
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"free_disk": 848320, |
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"total_memory": 4095 |
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}, |
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"node3.example.com.com": { |
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"total_disk": 572184, |
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"primary_ip": "192.168.1.3", |
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"secondary_ip": "192.168.2.3", |
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"tags": [], |
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"free_memory": 3505, |
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"free_disk": 570648, |
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"total_memory": 4095 |
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} |
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} |
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} |
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</screen> |
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<simpara>Input message, reallocation. Since only the request |
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entry in the input message is changed, the following shows only |
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this entry:</simpara> |
530 |
<screen> |
531 |
"request": { |
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"relocate_from": [ |
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"node3.example.com" |
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], |
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"required_nodes": 1, |
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"type": "relocate", |
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"name": "instance2.example.com", |
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"disk_space_total": 832 |
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}, |
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</screen> |
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|
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</sect2> |
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<sect2> |
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<title>Response messages</title> |
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<simpara>Successful response message:</simpara> |
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<screen> |
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{ |
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"info": "Allocation successful", |
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"nodes": [ |
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"node2.example.com", |
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"node1.example.com" |
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], |
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"success": true |
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} |
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</screen> |
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<simpara>Failed response message:</simpara> |
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<screen> |
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{ |
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"info": "Can't find a suitable node for position 2 (already selected: node2.example.com)", |
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"nodes": [], |
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"success": false |
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} |
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</screen> |
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</sect2> |
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|
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<sect2> |
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<title>Command line messages</title> |
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<screen> |
569 |
# gnt-instance add -t plain -m 2g --os-size 1g --swap-size 512m --iallocator dumb-allocator -o etch-image instance3 |
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Selected nodes for the instance: node1.example.com |
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* creating instance disks... |
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[...] |
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|
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# gnt-instance add -t plain -m 3400m --os-size 1g --swap-size 512m --iallocator dumb-allocator -o etch-image instance4 |
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Failure: prerequisites not met for this operation: |
576 |
Can't compute nodes using iallocator 'dumb-allocator': Can't find a suitable node for position 1 (already selected: ) |
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|
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# gnt-instance add -t drbd -m 1400m --os-size 1g --swap-size 512m --iallocator dumb-allocator -o etch-image instance5 |
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Failure: prerequisites not met for this operation: |
580 |
Can't compute nodes using iallocator 'dumb-allocator': Can't find a suitable node for position 2 (already selected: node1.example.com) |
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|
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</screen> |
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</sect2> |
584 |
</sect1> |
585 |
|
586 |
</article> |