root / lib / utils / text.py @ d242923c
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# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2010, 2011 Google Inc.
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#
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# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
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# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
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# (at your option) any later version.
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#
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# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
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# WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
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# General Public License for more details.
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#
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
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# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
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# 02110-1301, USA.
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"""Utility functions for manipulating or working with text.
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"""
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import re |
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import os |
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import time |
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import collections |
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from ganeti import errors |
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#: Unit checker regexp
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_PARSEUNIT_REGEX = re.compile(r"^([.\d]+)\s*([a-zA-Z]+)?$")
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#: Characters which don't need to be quoted for shell commands
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_SHELL_UNQUOTED_RE = re.compile("^[-.,=:/_+@A-Za-z0-9]+$")
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#: Shell param checker regexp
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_SHELLPARAM_REGEX = re.compile(r"^[-a-zA-Z0-9._+/:%@]+$")
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#: ASCII equivalent of unicode character 'HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS' (U+2026)
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_ASCII_ELLIPSIS = "..."
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#: MAC address octet
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_MAC_ADDR_OCTET_RE = r"[0-9a-f]{2}"
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def MatchNameComponent(key, name_list, case_sensitive=True): |
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"""Try to match a name against a list.
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This function will try to match a name like test1 against a list
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like C{['test1.example.com', 'test2.example.com', ...]}. Against
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this list, I{'test1'} as well as I{'test1.example'} will match, but
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not I{'test1.ex'}. A multiple match will be considered as no match
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at all (e.g. I{'test1'} against C{['test1.example.com',
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'test1.example.org']}), except when the key fully matches an entry
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(e.g. I{'test1'} against C{['test1', 'test1.example.com']}).
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@type key: str
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@param key: the name to be searched
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@type name_list: list
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@param name_list: the list of strings against which to search the key
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@type case_sensitive: boolean
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@param case_sensitive: whether to provide a case-sensitive match
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@rtype: None or str
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@return: None if there is no match I{or} if there are multiple matches,
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otherwise the element from the list which matches
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"""
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if key in name_list: |
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return key
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re_flags = 0
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if not case_sensitive: |
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re_flags |= re.IGNORECASE |
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key = key.upper() |
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name_re = re.compile(r"^%s(\..*)?$" % re.escape(key), re_flags)
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names_filtered = [] |
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string_matches = [] |
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for name in name_list: |
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if name_re.match(name) is not None: |
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names_filtered.append(name) |
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if not case_sensitive and key == name.upper(): |
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string_matches.append(name) |
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if len(string_matches) == 1: |
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return string_matches[0] |
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if len(names_filtered) == 1: |
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return names_filtered[0] |
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return None |
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def _DnsNameGlobHelper(match): |
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"""Helper function for L{DnsNameGlobPattern}.
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Returns regular expression pattern for parts of the pattern.
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"""
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text = match.group(0)
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if text == "*": |
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return "[^.]*" |
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elif text == "?": |
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return "[^.]" |
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else:
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return re.escape(text)
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def DnsNameGlobPattern(pattern): |
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"""Generates regular expression from DNS name globbing pattern.
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A DNS name globbing pattern (e.g. C{*.site}) is converted to a regular
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expression. Escape sequences or ranges (e.g. [a-z]) are not supported.
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Matching always starts at the leftmost part. An asterisk (*) matches all
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characters except the dot (.) separating DNS name parts. A question mark (?)
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matches a single character except the dot (.).
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@type pattern: string
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@param pattern: DNS name globbing pattern
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@rtype: string
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@return: Regular expression
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"""
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return r"^%s(\..*)?$" % re.sub(r"\*|\?|[^*?]*", _DnsNameGlobHelper, pattern) |
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def FormatUnit(value, units): |
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"""Formats an incoming number of MiB with the appropriate unit.
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@type value: int
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@param value: integer representing the value in MiB (1048576)
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@type units: char
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@param units: the type of formatting we should do:
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- 'h' for automatic scaling
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- 'm' for MiBs
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- 'g' for GiBs
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- 't' for TiBs
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@rtype: str
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@return: the formatted value (with suffix)
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"""
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if units not in ("m", "g", "t", "h"): |
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raise errors.ProgrammerError("Invalid unit specified '%s'" % str(units)) |
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suffix = ""
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if units == "m" or (units == "h" and value < 1024): |
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if units == "h": |
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suffix = "M"
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return "%d%s" % (round(value, 0), suffix) |
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elif units == "g" or (units == "h" and value < (1024 * 1024)): |
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if units == "h": |
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suffix = "G"
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return "%0.1f%s" % (round(float(value) / 1024, 1), suffix) |
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else:
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if units == "h": |
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suffix = "T"
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return "%0.1f%s" % (round(float(value) / 1024 / 1024, 1), suffix) |
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def ParseUnit(input_string): |
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"""Tries to extract number and scale from the given string.
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Input must be in the format C{NUMBER+ [DOT NUMBER+] SPACE*
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[UNIT]}. If no unit is specified, it defaults to MiB. Return value
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is always an int in MiB.
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"""
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m = _PARSEUNIT_REGEX.match(str(input_string))
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if not m: |
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raise errors.UnitParseError("Invalid format") |
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value = float(m.groups()[0]) |
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unit = m.groups()[1]
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if unit:
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lcunit = unit.lower() |
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else:
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lcunit = "m"
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if lcunit in ("m", "mb", "mib"): |
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# Value already in MiB
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pass
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elif lcunit in ("g", "gb", "gib"): |
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value *= 1024
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elif lcunit in ("t", "tb", "tib"): |
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value *= 1024 * 1024 |
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else:
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raise errors.UnitParseError("Unknown unit: %s" % unit) |
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# Make sure we round up
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if int(value) < value: |
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value += 1
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# Round up to the next multiple of 4
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value = int(value)
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if value % 4: |
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value += 4 - value % 4 |
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return value
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def ShellQuote(value): |
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"""Quotes shell argument according to POSIX.
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@type value: str
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@param value: the argument to be quoted
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@rtype: str
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@return: the quoted value
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"""
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if _SHELL_UNQUOTED_RE.match(value):
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return value
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else:
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return "'%s'" % value.replace("'", "'\\''") |
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def ShellQuoteArgs(args): |
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"""Quotes a list of shell arguments.
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@type args: list
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@param args: list of arguments to be quoted
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@rtype: str
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@return: the quoted arguments concatenated with spaces
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"""
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return " ".join([ShellQuote(i) for i in args]) |
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class ShellWriter: |
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"""Helper class to write scripts with indentation.
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"""
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INDENT_STR = " "
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def __init__(self, fh, indent=True): |
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"""Initializes this class.
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"""
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self._fh = fh
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self._indent_enabled = indent
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self._indent = 0 |
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def IncIndent(self): |
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"""Increase indentation level by 1.
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"""
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self._indent += 1 |
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def DecIndent(self): |
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"""Decrease indentation level by 1.
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"""
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assert self._indent > 0 |
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self._indent -= 1 |
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def Write(self, txt, *args): |
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"""Write line to output file.
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"""
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assert self._indent >= 0 |
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if args:
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line = txt % args |
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else:
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line = txt |
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if line and self._indent_enabled: |
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# Indent only if there's something on the line
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self._fh.write(self._indent * self.INDENT_STR) |
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self._fh.write(line)
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self._fh.write("\n") |
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def GenerateSecret(numbytes=20): |
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"""Generates a random secret.
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This will generate a pseudo-random secret returning an hex string
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(so that it can be used where an ASCII string is needed).
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@param numbytes: the number of bytes which will be represented by the returned
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string (defaulting to 20, the length of a SHA1 hash)
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@rtype: str
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@return: an hex representation of the pseudo-random sequence
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"""
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return os.urandom(numbytes).encode("hex") |
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def _MakeMacAddrRegexp(octets): |
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"""Builds a regular expression for verifying MAC addresses.
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@type octets: integer
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@param octets: How many octets to expect (1-6)
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@return: Compiled regular expression
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"""
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assert octets > 0 |
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assert octets <= 6 |
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return re.compile("^%s$" % ":".join([_MAC_ADDR_OCTET_RE] * octets), |
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re.I) |
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#: Regular expression for full MAC address
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_MAC_CHECK_RE = _MakeMacAddrRegexp(6)
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#: Regular expression for half a MAC address
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_MAC_PREFIX_CHECK_RE = _MakeMacAddrRegexp(3)
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def _MacAddressCheck(check_re, mac, msg): |
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"""Checks a MAC address using a regular expression.
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@param check_re: Compiled regular expression as returned by C{re.compile}
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@type mac: string
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@param mac: MAC address to be validated
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@type msg: string
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@param msg: Error message (%s will be replaced with MAC address)
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"""
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if check_re.match(mac):
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return mac.lower()
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raise errors.OpPrereqError(msg % mac, errors.ECODE_INVAL)
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def NormalizeAndValidateMac(mac): |
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"""Normalizes and check if a MAC address is valid and contains six octets.
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Checks whether the supplied MAC address is formally correct. Accepts
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colon-separated format only. Normalize it to all lower case.
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@type mac: string
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@param mac: MAC address to be validated
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@rtype: string
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@return: Normalized and validated MAC address
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@raise errors.OpPrereqError: If the MAC address isn't valid
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"""
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return _MacAddressCheck(_MAC_CHECK_RE, mac, "Invalid MAC address '%s'") |
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def NormalizeAndValidateThreeOctetMacPrefix(mac): |
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"""Normalizes a potential MAC address prefix (three octets).
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Checks whether the supplied string is a valid MAC address prefix consisting
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of three colon-separated octets. The result is normalized to all lower case.
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@type mac: string
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@param mac: Prefix to be validated
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@rtype: string
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@return: Normalized and validated prefix
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@raise errors.OpPrereqError: If the MAC address prefix isn't valid
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"""
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return _MacAddressCheck(_MAC_PREFIX_CHECK_RE, mac,
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"Invalid MAC address prefix '%s'")
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def SafeEncode(text): |
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"""Return a 'safe' version of a source string.
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This function mangles the input string and returns a version that
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should be safe to display/encode as ASCII. To this end, we first
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convert it to ASCII using the 'backslashreplace' encoding which
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should get rid of any non-ASCII chars, and then we process it
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through a loop copied from the string repr sources in the python; we
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don't use string_escape anymore since that escape single quotes and
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backslashes too, and that is too much; and that escaping is not
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stable, i.e. string_escape(string_escape(x)) != string_escape(x).
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@type text: str or unicode
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@param text: input data
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@rtype: str
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@return: a safe version of text
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"""
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if isinstance(text, unicode): |
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# only if unicode; if str already, we handle it below
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text = text.encode("ascii", "backslashreplace") |
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resu = ""
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for char in text: |
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c = ord(char)
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if char == "\t": |
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resu += r"\t"
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elif char == "\n": |
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resu += r"\n"
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elif char == "\r": |
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resu += r'\'r'
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elif c < 32 or c >= 127: # non-printable |
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resu += "\\x%02x" % (c & 0xff) |
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else:
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resu += char |
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return resu
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def UnescapeAndSplit(text, sep=","): |
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"""Split and unescape a string based on a given separator.
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This function splits a string based on a separator where the
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separator itself can be escape in order to be an element of the
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elements. The escaping rules are (assuming coma being the
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separator):
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- a plain , separates the elements
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- a sequence \\\\, (double backslash plus comma) is handled as a
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backslash plus a separator comma
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- a sequence \, (backslash plus comma) is handled as a
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non-separator comma
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@type text: string
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@param text: the string to split
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@type sep: string
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@param text: the separator
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@rtype: string
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@return: a list of strings
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"""
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# we split the list by sep (with no escaping at this stage)
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slist = text.split(sep) |
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# next, we revisit the elements and if any of them ended with an odd
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# number of backslashes, then we join it with the next
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rlist = [] |
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while slist:
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e1 = slist.pop(0)
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if e1.endswith("\\"): |
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num_b = len(e1) - len(e1.rstrip("\\")) |
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if num_b % 2 == 1 and slist: |
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e2 = slist.pop(0)
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# Merge the two elements and push the result back to the source list for
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# revisiting. If e2 ended with backslashes, further merging may need to
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# be done.
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slist.insert(0, e1 + sep + e2)
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continue
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# here the backslashes remain (all), and will be reduced in the next step
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rlist.append(e1) |
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# finally, replace backslash-something with something
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rlist = [re.sub(r"\\(.)", r"\1", v) for v in rlist] |
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return rlist
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def CommaJoin(names): |
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"""Nicely join a set of identifiers.
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@param names: set, list or tuple
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@return: a string with the formatted results
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"""
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return ", ".join([str(val) for val in names]) |
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def FormatTime(val, usecs=None): |
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"""Formats a time value.
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@type val: float or None
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@param val: Timestamp as returned by time.time() (seconds since Epoch,
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1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC)
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@return: a string value or N/A if we don't have a valid timestamp
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"""
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if val is None or not isinstance(val, (int, float)): |
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return "N/A" |
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# these two codes works on Linux, but they are not guaranteed on all
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# platforms
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result = time.strftime("%F %T", time.localtime(val))
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if usecs is not None: |
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result += ".%06d" % usecs
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return result
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def FormatSeconds(secs): |
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"""Formats seconds for easier reading.
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@type secs: number
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@param secs: Number of seconds
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@rtype: string
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@return: Formatted seconds (e.g. "2d 9h 19m 49s")
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"""
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parts = [] |
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secs = round(secs, 0) |
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if secs > 0: |
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# Negative values would be a bit tricky
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for unit, one in [("d", 24 * 60 * 60), ("h", 60 * 60), ("m", 60)]: |
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(complete, secs) = divmod(secs, one)
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if complete or parts: |
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parts.append("%d%s" % (complete, unit))
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parts.append("%ds" % secs)
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return " ".join(parts) |
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|
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class LineSplitter: |
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"""Splits data chunks into lines separated by newline.
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Instances provide a file-like interface.
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"""
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def __init__(self, line_fn, *args): |
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"""Initializes this class.
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|
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@type line_fn: callable
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@param line_fn: Function called for each line, first parameter is line
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@param args: Extra arguments for L{line_fn}
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"""
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assert callable(line_fn) |
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if args:
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# Python 2.4 doesn't have functools.partial yet
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self._line_fn = \
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lambda line: line_fn(line, *args) # pylint: disable=W0142 |
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else:
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self._line_fn = line_fn
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self._lines = collections.deque()
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self._buffer = "" |
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|
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def write(self, data): |
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parts = (self._buffer + data).split("\n") |
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self._buffer = parts.pop()
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self._lines.extend(parts)
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|
544 |
def flush(self): |
545 |
while self._lines: |
546 |
self._line_fn(self._lines.popleft().rstrip("\r\n")) |
547 |
|
548 |
def close(self): |
549 |
self.flush()
|
550 |
if self._buffer: |
551 |
self._line_fn(self._buffer) |
552 |
|
553 |
|
554 |
def IsValidShellParam(word): |
555 |
"""Verifies is the given word is safe from the shell's p.o.v.
|
556 |
|
557 |
This means that we can pass this to a command via the shell and be
|
558 |
sure that it doesn't alter the command line and is passed as such to
|
559 |
the actual command.
|
560 |
|
561 |
Note that we are overly restrictive here, in order to be on the safe
|
562 |
side.
|
563 |
|
564 |
@type word: str
|
565 |
@param word: the word to check
|
566 |
@rtype: boolean
|
567 |
@return: True if the word is 'safe'
|
568 |
|
569 |
"""
|
570 |
return bool(_SHELLPARAM_REGEX.match(word)) |
571 |
|
572 |
|
573 |
def BuildShellCmd(template, *args): |
574 |
"""Build a safe shell command line from the given arguments.
|
575 |
|
576 |
This function will check all arguments in the args list so that they
|
577 |
are valid shell parameters (i.e. they don't contain shell
|
578 |
metacharacters). If everything is ok, it will return the result of
|
579 |
template % args.
|
580 |
|
581 |
@type template: str
|
582 |
@param template: the string holding the template for the
|
583 |
string formatting
|
584 |
@rtype: str
|
585 |
@return: the expanded command line
|
586 |
|
587 |
"""
|
588 |
for word in args: |
589 |
if not IsValidShellParam(word): |
590 |
raise errors.ProgrammerError("Shell argument '%s' contains" |
591 |
" invalid characters" % word)
|
592 |
return template % args
|
593 |
|
594 |
|
595 |
def FormatOrdinal(value): |
596 |
"""Formats a number as an ordinal in the English language.
|
597 |
|
598 |
E.g. the number 1 becomes "1st", 22 becomes "22nd".
|
599 |
|
600 |
@type value: integer
|
601 |
@param value: Number
|
602 |
@rtype: string
|
603 |
|
604 |
"""
|
605 |
tens = value % 10
|
606 |
|
607 |
if value > 10 and value < 20: |
608 |
suffix = "th"
|
609 |
elif tens == 1: |
610 |
suffix = "st"
|
611 |
elif tens == 2: |
612 |
suffix = "nd"
|
613 |
elif tens == 3: |
614 |
suffix = "rd"
|
615 |
else:
|
616 |
suffix = "th"
|
617 |
|
618 |
return "%s%s" % (value, suffix) |
619 |
|
620 |
|
621 |
def Truncate(text, length): |
622 |
"""Truncate string and add ellipsis if needed.
|
623 |
|
624 |
@type text: string
|
625 |
@param text: Text
|
626 |
@type length: integer
|
627 |
@param length: Desired length
|
628 |
@rtype: string
|
629 |
@return: Truncated text
|
630 |
|
631 |
"""
|
632 |
assert length > len(_ASCII_ELLIPSIS) |
633 |
|
634 |
# Serialize if necessary
|
635 |
if not isinstance(text, basestring): |
636 |
text = str(text)
|
637 |
|
638 |
if len(text) <= length: |
639 |
return text
|
640 |
else:
|
641 |
return text[:length - len(_ASCII_ELLIPSIS)] + _ASCII_ELLIPSIS |
642 |
|
643 |
|
644 |
def FilterEmptyLinesAndComments(text): |
645 |
"""Filters empty lines and comments from a line-based string.
|
646 |
|
647 |
Whitespace is also removed from the beginning and end of all lines.
|
648 |
|
649 |
@type text: string
|
650 |
@param text: Input string
|
651 |
@rtype: list
|
652 |
|
653 |
"""
|
654 |
return [line for line in map(lambda s: s.strip(), text.splitlines()) |
655 |
# Ignore empty lines and comments
|
656 |
if line and not line.startswith("#")] |