Archipelago » qemu

/*

 * QEMU PowerPC pSeries Logical Partition (aka sPAPR) hardware System Emulator

 *

 * Copyright (c) 2004-2007 Fabrice Bellard

 * Copyright (c) 2007 Jocelyn Mayer

 * Copyright (c) 2010 David Gibson, IBM Corporation.

 *

 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy

 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal

 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights

 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell

 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is

 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

 *

 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in

 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

 *

 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR

 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,

 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL

 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER

 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,

 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN

 * THE SOFTWARE.

 *

 */

#include "sysemu.h"

#include "hw.h"

#include "elf.h"

#include "net.h"

#include "blockdev.h"

#include "hw/boards.h"

#include "hw/ppc.h"

#include "hw/loader.h"

#include "hw/spapr.h"

#include "hw/spapr_vio.h"

#include "hw/xics.h"

#include <libfdt.h>

#define KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR        0x00000000

#define INITRD_LOAD_ADDR        0x02800000

#define FDT_MAX_SIZE            0x10000

#define RTAS_MAX_SIZE           0x10000

#define FW_MAX_SIZE             0x400000

#define FW_FILE_NAME            "slof.bin"

#define MIN_RAM_SLOF                512UL

#define TIMEBASE_FREQ           512000000ULL

#define MAX_CPUS                256

#define XICS_IRQS                1024

sPAPREnvironment *spapr;

static void *spapr_create_fdt_skel(const char *cpu_model,

                                   target_phys_addr_t initrd_base,

                                   target_phys_addr_t initrd_size,

                                   const char *boot_device,

                                   const char *kernel_cmdline,

                                   long hash_shift)

{

    void *fdt;

    CPUState *env;

    uint64_t mem_reg_property[] = { 0, cpu_to_be64(ram_size) };

    uint32_t start_prop = cpu_to_be32(initrd_base);

    uint32_t end_prop = cpu_to_be32(initrd_base + initrd_size);

    uint32_t pft_size_prop[] = {0, cpu_to_be32(hash_shift)};

    char hypertas_prop[] = "hcall-pft\0hcall-term\0hcall-dabr\0hcall-interrupt"

        "\0hcall-tce\0hcall-vio\0hcall-splpar";

    uint32_t interrupt_server_ranges_prop[] = {0, cpu_to_be32(smp_cpus)};

    int i;

    char *modelname;

#define _FDT(exp) \

    do { \

        int ret = (exp);                                           \

        if (ret < 0) {                                             \

            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: error creating device tree: %s: %s\n", \

                    #exp, fdt_strerror(ret));                      \

            exit(1);                                               \

        }                                                          \

    } while (0)

    fdt = qemu_mallocz(FDT_MAX_SIZE);

    _FDT((fdt_create(fdt, FDT_MAX_SIZE)));

    _FDT((fdt_finish_reservemap(fdt)));

    /* Root node */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "chrp")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "model", "IBM pSeries (emulated by qemu)")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#address-cells", 0x2)));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#size-cells", 0x2)));

    /* /chosen */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "chosen")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "bootargs", kernel_cmdline)));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "linux,initrd-start",

                       &start_prop, sizeof(start_prop))));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "linux,initrd-end",

                       &end_prop, sizeof(end_prop))));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "qemu,boot-device", boot_device)));

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    /* memory node */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "memory@0")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "memory")));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "reg",

                       mem_reg_property, sizeof(mem_reg_property))));

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    /* cpus */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "cpus")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#address-cells", 0x1)));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#size-cells", 0x0)));

    modelname = qemu_strdup(cpu_model);

    for (i = 0; i < strlen(modelname); i++) {

        modelname[i] = toupper(modelname[i]);

    }

    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {

        int index = env->cpu_index;

        uint32_t gserver_prop[] = {cpu_to_be32(index), 0}; /* HACK! */

        char *nodename;

        uint32_t segs[] = {cpu_to_be32(28), cpu_to_be32(40),

                           0xffffffff, 0xffffffff};

        if (asprintf(&nodename, "%s@%x", modelname, index) < 0) {

            fprintf(stderr, "Allocation failure\n");

            exit(1);

        }

        _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, nodename)));

        free(nodename);

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "reg", index)));

        _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "cpu")));

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "cpu-version", env->spr[SPR_PVR])));

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "dcache-block-size",

                                env->dcache_line_size)));

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "icache-block-size",

                                env->icache_line_size)));

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "timebase-frequency", TIMEBASE_FREQ)));

        /* Hardcode CPU frequency for now.  It's kind of arbitrary on

         * full emu, for kvm we should copy it from the host */

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "clock-frequency", 1000000000)));

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "ibm,slb-size", env->slb_nr)));

        _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,pft-size",

                           pft_size_prop, sizeof(pft_size_prop))));

        _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "status", "okay")));

        _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "64-bit", NULL, 0)));

        _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "ibm,ppc-interrupt-server#s", index)));

        _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,ppc-interrupt-gserver#s",

                           gserver_prop, sizeof(gserver_prop))));

        if (env->mmu_model & POWERPC_MMU_1TSEG) {

            _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,processor-segment-sizes",

                               segs, sizeof(segs))));

        }

        _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    }

    qemu_free(modelname);

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    /* RTAS */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "rtas")));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,hypertas-functions", hypertas_prop,

                       sizeof(hypertas_prop))));

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    /* interrupt controller */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "interrupt-controller@0")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type",

                              "PowerPC-External-Interrupt-Presentation")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", "IBM,ppc-xicp")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "reg", 0)));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0)));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "ibm,interrupt-server-ranges",

                       interrupt_server_ranges_prop,

                       sizeof(interrupt_server_ranges_prop))));

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    /* vdevice */

    _FDT((fdt_begin_node(fdt, "vdevice")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "device_type", "vdevice")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_string(fdt, "compatible", "IBM,vdevice")));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#address-cells", 0x1)));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#size-cells", 0x0)));

    _FDT((fdt_property_cell(fdt, "#interrupt-cells", 0x2)));

    _FDT((fdt_property(fdt, "interrupt-controller", NULL, 0)));

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt)));

    _FDT((fdt_end_node(fdt))); /* close root node */

    _FDT((fdt_finish(fdt)));

    return fdt;

}

static void spapr_finalize_fdt(sPAPREnvironment *spapr,

                               target_phys_addr_t fdt_addr,

                               target_phys_addr_t rtas_addr,

                               target_phys_addr_t rtas_size)

{

    int ret;

    void *fdt;

    fdt = qemu_malloc(FDT_MAX_SIZE);

    /* open out the base tree into a temp buffer for the final tweaks */

    _FDT((fdt_open_into(spapr->fdt_skel, fdt, FDT_MAX_SIZE)));

    ret = spapr_populate_vdevice(spapr->vio_bus, fdt);

    if (ret < 0) {

        fprintf(stderr, "couldn't setup vio devices in fdt\n");

        exit(1);

    }

    /* RTAS */

    ret = spapr_rtas_device_tree_setup(fdt, rtas_addr, rtas_size);

    if (ret < 0) {

        fprintf(stderr, "Couldn't set up RTAS device tree properties\n");

    }

    _FDT((fdt_pack(fdt)));

    cpu_physical_memory_write(fdt_addr, fdt, fdt_totalsize(fdt));

    qemu_free(fdt);

}

static uint64_t translate_kernel_address(void *opaque, uint64_t addr)

{

    return (addr & 0x0fffffff) + KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;

}

static void emulate_spapr_hypercall(CPUState *env)

{

    env->gpr[3] = spapr_hypercall(env, env->gpr[3], &env->gpr[4]);

}

static void spapr_reset(void *opaque)

{

    sPAPREnvironment *spapr = (sPAPREnvironment *)opaque;

    fprintf(stderr, "sPAPR reset\n");

    /* flush out the hash table */

    memset(spapr->htab, 0, spapr->htab_size);

    /* Load the fdt */

    spapr_finalize_fdt(spapr, spapr->fdt_addr, spapr->rtas_addr,

                       spapr->rtas_size);

    /* Set up the entry state */

    first_cpu->gpr[3] = spapr->fdt_addr;

    first_cpu->gpr[5] = 0;

    first_cpu->halted = 0;

    first_cpu->nip = spapr->entry_point;

}

/* pSeries LPAR / sPAPR hardware init */

static void ppc_spapr_init(ram_addr_t ram_size,

                           const char *boot_device,

                           const char *kernel_filename,

                           const char *kernel_cmdline,

                           const char *initrd_filename,

                           const char *cpu_model)

{

    CPUState *env;

    int i;

    ram_addr_t ram_offset;

    uint32_t initrd_base;

    long kernel_size, initrd_size, fw_size;

    long pteg_shift = 17;

    char *filename;

    int irq = 16;

    spapr = qemu_malloc(sizeof(*spapr));

    cpu_ppc_hypercall = emulate_spapr_hypercall;

    /* We place the device tree just below either the top of RAM, or

     * 2GB, so that it can be processed with 32-bit code if

     * necessary */

    spapr->fdt_addr = MIN(ram_size, 0x80000000) - FDT_MAX_SIZE;

    spapr->rtas_addr = spapr->fdt_addr - RTAS_MAX_SIZE;

    /* init CPUs */

    if (cpu_model == NULL) {

        cpu_model = "POWER7";

    }

    for (i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {

        env = cpu_init(cpu_model);

        if (!env) {

            fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find PowerPC CPU definition\n");

            exit(1);

        }

        /* Set time-base frequency to 512 MHz */

        cpu_ppc_tb_init(env, TIMEBASE_FREQ);

        qemu_register_reset((QEMUResetHandler *)&cpu_reset, env);

        env->hreset_vector = 0x60;

        env->hreset_excp_prefix = 0;

        env->gpr[3] = env->cpu_index;

    }

    /* allocate RAM */

    ram_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(NULL, "ppc_spapr.ram", ram_size);

    cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, ram_offset);

    /* allocate hash page table.  For now we always make this 16mb,

     * later we should probably make it scale to the size of guest

     * RAM */

    spapr->htab_size = 1ULL << (pteg_shift + 7);

    spapr->htab = qemu_malloc(spapr->htab_size);

    for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {

        env->external_htab = spapr->htab;

        env->htab_base = -1;

        env->htab_mask = spapr->htab_size - 1;

    }

    filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, "spapr-rtas.bin");

    spapr->rtas_size = load_image_targphys(filename, spapr->rtas_addr,

                                           ram_size - spapr->rtas_addr);

    if (spapr->rtas_size < 0) {

        hw_error("qemu: could not load LPAR rtas '%s'\n", filename);

        exit(1);

    }

    qemu_free(filename);

    /* Set up Interrupt Controller */

    spapr->icp = xics_system_init(XICS_IRQS);

    /* Set up VIO bus */

    spapr->vio_bus = spapr_vio_bus_init();

    for (i = 0; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++, irq++) {

        if (serial_hds[i]) {

            spapr_vty_create(spapr->vio_bus, SPAPR_VTY_BASE_ADDRESS + i,

                             serial_hds[i], xics_find_qirq(spapr->icp, irq),

                             irq);

        }

    }

    for (i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++, irq++) {

        NICInfo *nd = &nd_table[i];

        if (!nd->model) {

            nd->model = qemu_strdup("ibmveth");

        }

        if (strcmp(nd->model, "ibmveth") == 0) {

            spapr_vlan_create(spapr->vio_bus, 0x1000 + i, nd,

                              xics_find_qirq(spapr->icp, irq), irq);

        } else {

            fprintf(stderr, "pSeries (sPAPR) platform does not support "

                    "NIC model '%s' (only ibmveth is supported)\n",

                    nd->model);

            exit(1);

        }

    }

    for (i = 0; i <= drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI); i++) {

        spapr_vscsi_create(spapr->vio_bus, 0x2000 + i,

                           xics_find_qirq(spapr->icp, irq), irq);

        irq++;

    }

    if (kernel_filename) {

        uint64_t lowaddr = 0;

        kernel_size = load_elf(kernel_filename, translate_kernel_address, NULL,

                               NULL, &lowaddr, NULL, 1, ELF_MACHINE, 0);

        if (kernel_size < 0) {

            kernel_size = load_image_targphys(kernel_filename,

                                              KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR,

                                              ram_size - KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR);

        }

        if (kernel_size < 0) {

            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",

                    kernel_filename);

            exit(1);

        }

        /* load initrd */

        if (initrd_filename) {

            initrd_base = INITRD_LOAD_ADDR;

            initrd_size = load_image_targphys(initrd_filename, initrd_base,

                                              ram_size - initrd_base);

            if (initrd_size < 0) {

                fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",

                        initrd_filename);

                exit(1);

            }

        } else {

            initrd_base = 0;

            initrd_size = 0;

        }

        spapr->entry_point = KERNEL_LOAD_ADDR;

    } else {

        if (ram_size < (MIN_RAM_SLOF << 20)) {

            fprintf(stderr, "qemu: pSeries SLOF firmware requires >= "

                    "%ldM guest RAM\n", MIN_RAM_SLOF);

            exit(1);

        }

        filename = qemu_find_file(QEMU_FILE_TYPE_BIOS, "slof.bin");

        fw_size = load_image_targphys(filename, 0, FW_MAX_SIZE);

        if (fw_size < 0) {

            hw_error("qemu: could not load LPAR rtas '%s'\n", filename);

            exit(1);

        }

        qemu_free(filename);

        spapr->entry_point = 0x100;

        initrd_base = 0;

        initrd_size = 0;

        /* SLOF will startup the secondary CPUs using RTAS,

           rather than expecting a kexec() style entry */

        for (env = first_cpu; env != NULL; env = env->next_cpu) {

            env->halted = 1;

        }

    }

    /* Prepare the device tree */

    spapr->fdt_skel = spapr_create_fdt_skel(cpu_model,

                                            initrd_base, initrd_size,

                                            boot_device, kernel_cmdline,

                                            pteg_shift + 7);

    assert(spapr->fdt_skel != NULL);

    qemu_register_reset(spapr_reset, spapr);

}

static QEMUMachine spapr_machine = {

    .name = "pseries",

    .desc = "pSeries Logical Partition (PAPR compliant)",

    .init = ppc_spapr_init,

    .max_cpus = MAX_CPUS,

    .no_vga = 1,

    .no_parallel = 1,

    .use_scsi = 1,

};

static void spapr_machine_init(void)

{

    qemu_register_machine(&spapr_machine);

}

machine_init(spapr_machine_init);