root / qemu-doc.texi @ 3f1a88f4
History | View | Annotate | Download (34.6 kB)
1 |
\input texinfo @c -*- texinfo -*- |
---|---|
2 |
|
3 |
@iftex |
4 |
@settitle QEMU CPU Emulator User Documentation |
5 |
@titlepage |
6 |
@sp 7 |
7 |
@center @titlefont{QEMU CPU Emulator User Documentation} |
8 |
@sp 3 |
9 |
@end titlepage |
10 |
@end iftex |
11 |
|
12 |
@chapter Introduction |
13 |
|
14 |
@section Features |
15 |
|
16 |
QEMU is a FAST! processor emulator using dynamic translation to |
17 |
achieve good emulation speed. |
18 |
|
19 |
QEMU has two operating modes: |
20 |
|
21 |
@itemize @minus |
22 |
|
23 |
@item |
24 |
Full system emulation. In this mode, QEMU emulates a full system (for |
25 |
example a PC), including a processor and various peripherals. It can |
26 |
be used to launch different Operating Systems without rebooting the |
27 |
PC or to debug system code. |
28 |
|
29 |
@item |
30 |
User mode emulation (Linux host only). In this mode, QEMU can launch |
31 |
Linux processes compiled for one CPU on another CPU. It can be used to |
32 |
launch the Wine Windows API emulator (@url{http://www.winehq.org}) or |
33 |
to ease cross-compilation and cross-debugging. |
34 |
|
35 |
@end itemize |
36 |
|
37 |
QEMU can run without an host kernel driver and yet gives acceptable |
38 |
performance. |
39 |
|
40 |
For system emulation, the following hardware targets are supported: |
41 |
@itemize |
42 |
@item PC (x86 processor) |
43 |
@item PREP (PowerPC processor) |
44 |
@item PowerMac (PowerPC processor, in progress) |
45 |
@item Sun4m (Sparc processor, in progress) |
46 |
@end itemize |
47 |
|
48 |
For user emulation, x86, PowerPC, ARM, and SPARC CPUs are supported. |
49 |
|
50 |
@chapter Installation |
51 |
|
52 |
If you want to compile QEMU yourself, see @ref{compilation}. |
53 |
|
54 |
@section Linux |
55 |
|
56 |
If a precompiled package is available for your distribution - you just |
57 |
have to install it. Otherwise, see @ref{compilation}. |
58 |
|
59 |
@section Windows |
60 |
|
61 |
Download the experimental binary installer at |
62 |
@url{http://www.freeoszoo.org/download.php}. |
63 |
|
64 |
@section Mac OS X |
65 |
|
66 |
Download the experimental binary installer at |
67 |
@url{http://www.freeoszoo.org/download.php}. |
68 |
|
69 |
@chapter QEMU PC System emulator invocation |
70 |
|
71 |
@section Introduction |
72 |
|
73 |
@c man begin DESCRIPTION |
74 |
|
75 |
The QEMU System emulator simulates the |
76 |
following PC peripherals: |
77 |
|
78 |
@itemize @minus |
79 |
@item |
80 |
i440FX host PCI bridge and PIIX3 PCI to ISA bridge |
81 |
@item |
82 |
Cirrus CLGD 5446 PCI VGA card or dummy VGA card with Bochs VESA |
83 |
extensions (hardware level, including all non standard modes). |
84 |
@item |
85 |
PS/2 mouse and keyboard |
86 |
@item |
87 |
2 PCI IDE interfaces with hard disk and CD-ROM support |
88 |
@item |
89 |
Floppy disk |
90 |
@item |
91 |
NE2000 PCI network adapters |
92 |
@item |
93 |
Serial ports |
94 |
@item |
95 |
Soundblaster 16 card |
96 |
@end itemize |
97 |
|
98 |
QEMU uses the PC BIOS from the Bochs project and the Plex86/Bochs LGPL |
99 |
VGA BIOS. |
100 |
|
101 |
@c man end |
102 |
|
103 |
@section Quick Start |
104 |
|
105 |
Download and uncompress the linux image (@file{linux.img}) and type: |
106 |
|
107 |
@example |
108 |
qemu linux.img |
109 |
@end example |
110 |
|
111 |
Linux should boot and give you a prompt. |
112 |
|
113 |
@section Invocation |
114 |
|
115 |
@example |
116 |
@c man begin SYNOPSIS |
117 |
usage: qemu [options] [disk_image] |
118 |
@c man end |
119 |
@end example |
120 |
|
121 |
@c man begin OPTIONS |
122 |
@var{disk_image} is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0. |
123 |
|
124 |
General options: |
125 |
@table @option |
126 |
@item -fda file |
127 |
@item -fdb file |
128 |
Use @var{file} as floppy disk 0/1 image (@xref{disk_images}). You can |
129 |
use the host floppy by using @file{/dev/fd0} as filename. |
130 |
|
131 |
@item -hda file |
132 |
@item -hdb file |
133 |
@item -hdc file |
134 |
@item -hdd file |
135 |
Use @var{file} as hard disk 0, 1, 2 or 3 image (@xref{disk_images}). |
136 |
|
137 |
@item -cdrom file |
138 |
Use @var{file} as CD-ROM image (you cannot use @option{-hdc} and and |
139 |
@option{-cdrom} at the same time). You can use the host CD-ROM by |
140 |
using @file{/dev/cdrom} as filename. |
141 |
|
142 |
@item -boot [a|c|d] |
143 |
Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c) or CD-ROM (d). Hard disk boot is |
144 |
the default. |
145 |
|
146 |
@item -snapshot |
147 |
Write to temporary files instead of disk image files. In this case, |
148 |
the raw disk image you use is not written back. You can however force |
149 |
the write back by pressing @key{C-a s} (@xref{disk_images}). |
150 |
|
151 |
@item -m megs |
152 |
Set virtual RAM size to @var{megs} megabytes. Default is 128 MB. |
153 |
|
154 |
@item -nographic |
155 |
|
156 |
Normally, QEMU uses SDL to display the VGA output. With this option, |
157 |
you can totally disable graphical output so that QEMU is a simple |
158 |
command line application. The emulated serial port is redirected on |
159 |
the console. Therefore, you can still use QEMU to debug a Linux kernel |
160 |
with a serial console. |
161 |
|
162 |
@item -k language |
163 |
|
164 |
Use keyboard layout @var{language} (for example @code{fr} for |
165 |
French). This option is only needed where it is not easy to get raw PC |
166 |
keycodes (e.g. on Macs or with some X11 servers). You don't need to |
167 |
use it on PC/Linux or PC/Windows hosts. |
168 |
|
169 |
The available layouts are: |
170 |
@example |
171 |
ar de-ch es fo fr-ca hu ja mk no pt-br sv |
172 |
da en-gb et fr fr-ch is lt nl pl ru th |
173 |
de en-us fi fr-be hr it lv nl-be pt sl tr |
174 |
@end example |
175 |
|
176 |
The default is @code{en-us}. |
177 |
|
178 |
@item -enable-audio |
179 |
|
180 |
The SB16 emulation is disabled by default as it may give problems with |
181 |
Windows. You can enable it manually with this option. |
182 |
|
183 |
@item -localtime |
184 |
Set the real time clock to local time (the default is to UTC |
185 |
time). This option is needed to have correct date in MS-DOS or |
186 |
Windows. |
187 |
|
188 |
@item -full-screen |
189 |
Start in full screen. |
190 |
|
191 |
@item -pidfile file |
192 |
Store the QEMU process PID in @var{file}. It is useful if you launch QEMU |
193 |
from a script. |
194 |
|
195 |
@end table |
196 |
|
197 |
Network options: |
198 |
|
199 |
@table @option |
200 |
|
201 |
@item -n script |
202 |
Set TUN/TAP network init script [default=/etc/qemu-ifup]. This script |
203 |
is launched to configure the host network interface (usually tun0) |
204 |
corresponding to the virtual NE2000 card. |
205 |
|
206 |
@item -nics n |
207 |
|
208 |
Simulate @var{n} network cards (the default is 1). |
209 |
|
210 |
@item -macaddr addr |
211 |
|
212 |
Set the mac address of the first interface (the format is |
213 |
aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff in hexa). The mac address is incremented for each |
214 |
new network interface. |
215 |
|
216 |
@item -tun-fd fd |
217 |
Assumes @var{fd} talks to a tap/tun host network interface and use |
218 |
it. Read @url{http://bellard.org/qemu/tetrinet.html} to have an |
219 |
example of its use. |
220 |
|
221 |
@item -user-net |
222 |
Use the user mode network stack. This is the default if no tun/tap |
223 |
network init script is found. |
224 |
|
225 |
@item -tftp prefix |
226 |
When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in TFTP |
227 |
server. All filenames beginning with @var{prefix} can be downloaded |
228 |
from the host to the guest using a TFTP client. The TFTP client on the |
229 |
guest must be configured in binary mode (use the command @code{bin} of |
230 |
the Unix TFTP client). The host IP address on the guest is as usual |
231 |
10.0.2.2. |
232 |
|
233 |
@item -smb dir |
234 |
When using the user mode network stack, activate a built-in SMB |
235 |
server so that Windows OSes can access to the host files in @file{dir} |
236 |
transparently. |
237 |
|
238 |
In the guest Windows OS, the line: |
239 |
@example |
240 |
10.0.2.4 smbserver |
241 |
@end example |
242 |
must be added in the file @file{C:\WINDOWS\LMHOSTS} (for windows 9x/Me) |
243 |
or @file{C:\WINNT\SYSTEM32\DRIVERS\ETC\LMHOSTS} (Windows NT/2000). |
244 |
|
245 |
Then @file{dir} can be accessed in @file{\\smbserver\qemu}. |
246 |
|
247 |
Note that a SAMBA server must be installed on the host OS in |
248 |
@file{/usr/sbin/smbd}. QEMU was tested succesfully with smbd version |
249 |
2.2.7a from the Red Hat 9. |
250 |
|
251 |
@item -redir [tcp|udp]:host-port:[guest-host]:guest-port |
252 |
|
253 |
When using the user mode network stack, redirect incoming TCP or UDP |
254 |
connections to the host port @var{host-port} to the guest |
255 |
@var{guest-host} on guest port @var{guest-port}. If @var{guest-host} |
256 |
is not specified, its value is 10.0.2.15 (default address given by the |
257 |
built-in DHCP server). |
258 |
|
259 |
For example, to redirect host X11 connection from screen 1 to guest |
260 |
screen 0, use the following: |
261 |
|
262 |
@example |
263 |
# on the host |
264 |
qemu -redir tcp:6001::6000 [...] |
265 |
# this host xterm should open in the guest X11 server |
266 |
xterm -display :1 |
267 |
@end example |
268 |
|
269 |
To redirect telnet connections from host port 5555 to telnet port on |
270 |
the guest, use the following: |
271 |
|
272 |
@example |
273 |
# on the host |
274 |
qemu -redir tcp:5555::23 [...] |
275 |
telnet localhost 5555 |
276 |
@end example |
277 |
|
278 |
Then when you use on the host @code{telnet localhost 5555}, you |
279 |
connect to the guest telnet server. |
280 |
|
281 |
@item -dummy-net |
282 |
Use the dummy network stack: no packet will be received by the network |
283 |
cards. |
284 |
|
285 |
@end table |
286 |
|
287 |
Linux boot specific. When using this options, you can use a given |
288 |
Linux kernel without installing it in the disk image. It can be useful |
289 |
for easier testing of various kernels. |
290 |
|
291 |
@table @option |
292 |
|
293 |
@item -kernel bzImage |
294 |
Use @var{bzImage} as kernel image. |
295 |
|
296 |
@item -append cmdline |
297 |
Use @var{cmdline} as kernel command line |
298 |
|
299 |
@item -initrd file |
300 |
Use @var{file} as initial ram disk. |
301 |
|
302 |
@end table |
303 |
|
304 |
Debug/Expert options: |
305 |
@table @option |
306 |
|
307 |
@item -serial dev |
308 |
Redirect the virtual serial port to host device @var{dev}. Available |
309 |
devices are: |
310 |
@table @code |
311 |
@item vc |
312 |
Virtual console |
313 |
@item pty |
314 |
[Linux only] Pseudo TTY (a new PTY is automatically allocated) |
315 |
@item null |
316 |
void device |
317 |
@item stdio |
318 |
[Unix only] standard input/output |
319 |
@end table |
320 |
The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in |
321 |
non graphical mode. |
322 |
|
323 |
This option can be used several times to simulate up to 4 serials |
324 |
ports. |
325 |
|
326 |
@item -monitor dev |
327 |
Redirect the monitor to host device @var{dev} (same devices as the |
328 |
serial port). |
329 |
The default device is @code{vc} in graphical mode and @code{stdio} in |
330 |
non graphical mode. |
331 |
|
332 |
@item -s |
333 |
Wait gdb connection to port 1234 (@xref{gdb_usage}). |
334 |
@item -p port |
335 |
Change gdb connection port. |
336 |
@item -S |
337 |
Do not start CPU at startup (you must type 'c' in the monitor). |
338 |
@item -d |
339 |
Output log in /tmp/qemu.log |
340 |
@item -hdachs c,h,s,[,t] |
341 |
Force hard disk 0 physical geometry (1 <= @var{c} <= 16383, 1 <= |
342 |
@var{h} <= 16, 1 <= @var{s} <= 63) and optionally force the BIOS |
343 |
translation mode (@var{t}=none, lba or auto). Usually QEMU can guess |
344 |
all thoses parameters. This option is useful for old MS-DOS disk |
345 |
images. |
346 |
|
347 |
@item -isa |
348 |
Simulate an ISA-only system (default is PCI system). |
349 |
@item -std-vga |
350 |
Simulate a standard VGA card with Bochs VBE extensions (default is |
351 |
Cirrus Logic GD5446 PCI VGA) |
352 |
@item -loadvm file |
353 |
Start right away with a saved state (@code{loadvm} in monitor) |
354 |
@end table |
355 |
|
356 |
@c man end |
357 |
|
358 |
@section Keys |
359 |
|
360 |
@c man begin OPTIONS |
361 |
|
362 |
During the graphical emulation, you can use the following keys: |
363 |
@table @key |
364 |
@item Ctrl-Alt-f |
365 |
Toggle full screen |
366 |
|
367 |
@item Ctrl-Alt-n |
368 |
Switch to virtual console 'n'. Standard console mappings are: |
369 |
@table @emph |
370 |
@item 1 |
371 |
Target system display |
372 |
@item 2 |
373 |
Monitor |
374 |
@item 3 |
375 |
Serial port |
376 |
@end table |
377 |
|
378 |
@item Ctrl-Alt |
379 |
Toggle mouse and keyboard grab. |
380 |
@end table |
381 |
|
382 |
In the virtual consoles, you can use @key{Ctrl-Up}, @key{Ctrl-Down}, |
383 |
@key{Ctrl-PageUp} and @key{Ctrl-PageDown} to move in the back log. |
384 |
|
385 |
During emulation, if you are using the @option{-nographic} option, use |
386 |
@key{Ctrl-a h} to get terminal commands: |
387 |
|
388 |
@table @key |
389 |
@item Ctrl-a h |
390 |
Print this help |
391 |
@item Ctrl-a x |
392 |
Exit emulatior |
393 |
@item Ctrl-a s |
394 |
Save disk data back to file (if -snapshot) |
395 |
@item Ctrl-a b |
396 |
Send break (magic sysrq in Linux) |
397 |
@item Ctrl-a c |
398 |
Switch between console and monitor |
399 |
@item Ctrl-a Ctrl-a |
400 |
Send Ctrl-a |
401 |
@end table |
402 |
@c man end |
403 |
|
404 |
@ignore |
405 |
|
406 |
@setfilename qemu |
407 |
@settitle QEMU System Emulator |
408 |
|
409 |
@c man begin SEEALSO |
410 |
The HTML documentation of QEMU for more precise information and Linux |
411 |
user mode emulator invocation. |
412 |
@c man end |
413 |
|
414 |
@c man begin AUTHOR |
415 |
Fabrice Bellard |
416 |
@c man end |
417 |
|
418 |
@end ignore |
419 |
|
420 |
@end ignore |
421 |
|
422 |
@section QEMU Monitor |
423 |
|
424 |
The QEMU monitor is used to give complex commands to the QEMU |
425 |
emulator. You can use it to: |
426 |
|
427 |
@itemize @minus |
428 |
|
429 |
@item |
430 |
Remove or insert removable medias images |
431 |
(such as CD-ROM or floppies) |
432 |
|
433 |
@item |
434 |
Freeze/unfreeze the Virtual Machine (VM) and save or restore its state |
435 |
from a disk file. |
436 |
|
437 |
@item Inspect the VM state without an external debugger. |
438 |
|
439 |
@end itemize |
440 |
|
441 |
@subsection Commands |
442 |
|
443 |
The following commands are available: |
444 |
|
445 |
@table @option |
446 |
|
447 |
@item help or ? [cmd] |
448 |
Show the help for all commands or just for command @var{cmd}. |
449 |
|
450 |
@item commit |
451 |
Commit changes to the disk images (if -snapshot is used) |
452 |
|
453 |
@item info subcommand |
454 |
show various information about the system state |
455 |
|
456 |
@table @option |
457 |
@item info network |
458 |
show the network state |
459 |
@item info block |
460 |
show the block devices |
461 |
@item info registers |
462 |
show the cpu registers |
463 |
@item info history |
464 |
show the command line history |
465 |
@end table |
466 |
|
467 |
@item q or quit |
468 |
Quit the emulator. |
469 |
|
470 |
@item eject [-f] device |
471 |
Eject a removable media (use -f to force it). |
472 |
|
473 |
@item change device filename |
474 |
Change a removable media. |
475 |
|
476 |
@item screendump filename |
477 |
Save screen into PPM image @var{filename}. |
478 |
|
479 |
@item log item1[,...] |
480 |
Activate logging of the specified items to @file{/tmp/qemu.log}. |
481 |
|
482 |
@item savevm filename |
483 |
Save the whole virtual machine state to @var{filename}. |
484 |
|
485 |
@item loadvm filename |
486 |
Restore the whole virtual machine state from @var{filename}. |
487 |
|
488 |
@item stop |
489 |
Stop emulation. |
490 |
|
491 |
@item c or cont |
492 |
Resume emulation. |
493 |
|
494 |
@item gdbserver [port] |
495 |
Start gdbserver session (default port=1234) |
496 |
|
497 |
@item x/fmt addr |
498 |
Virtual memory dump starting at @var{addr}. |
499 |
|
500 |
@item xp /fmt addr |
501 |
Physical memory dump starting at @var{addr}. |
502 |
|
503 |
@var{fmt} is a format which tells the command how to format the |
504 |
data. Its syntax is: @option{/@{count@}@{format@}@{size@}} |
505 |
|
506 |
@table @var |
507 |
@item count |
508 |
is the number of items to be dumped. |
509 |
|
510 |
@item format |
511 |
can be x (hexa), d (signed decimal), u (unsigned decimal), o (octal), |
512 |
c (char) or i (asm instruction). |
513 |
|
514 |
@item size |
515 |
can be b (8 bits), h (16 bits), w (32 bits) or g (64 bits). On x86, |
516 |
@code{h} or @code{w} can be specified with the @code{i} format to |
517 |
respectively select 16 or 32 bit code instruction size. |
518 |
|
519 |
@end table |
520 |
|
521 |
Examples: |
522 |
@itemize |
523 |
@item |
524 |
Dump 10 instructions at the current instruction pointer: |
525 |
@example |
526 |
(qemu) x/10i $eip |
527 |
0x90107063: ret |
528 |
0x90107064: sti |
529 |
0x90107065: lea 0x0(%esi,1),%esi |
530 |
0x90107069: lea 0x0(%edi,1),%edi |
531 |
0x90107070: ret |
532 |
0x90107071: jmp 0x90107080 |
533 |
0x90107073: nop |
534 |
0x90107074: nop |
535 |
0x90107075: nop |
536 |
0x90107076: nop |
537 |
@end example |
538 |
|
539 |
@item |
540 |
Dump 80 16 bit values at the start of the video memory. |
541 |
@example |
542 |
(qemu) xp/80hx 0xb8000 |
543 |
0x000b8000: 0x0b50 0x0b6c 0x0b65 0x0b78 0x0b38 0x0b36 0x0b2f 0x0b42 |
544 |
0x000b8010: 0x0b6f 0x0b63 0x0b68 0x0b73 0x0b20 0x0b56 0x0b47 0x0b41 |
545 |
0x000b8020: 0x0b42 0x0b69 0x0b6f 0x0b73 0x0b20 0x0b63 0x0b75 0x0b72 |
546 |
0x000b8030: 0x0b72 0x0b65 0x0b6e 0x0b74 0x0b2d 0x0b63 0x0b76 0x0b73 |
547 |
0x000b8040: 0x0b20 0x0b30 0x0b35 0x0b20 0x0b4e 0x0b6f 0x0b76 0x0b20 |
548 |
0x000b8050: 0x0b32 0x0b30 0x0b30 0x0b33 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 |
549 |
0x000b8060: 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 |
550 |
0x000b8070: 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 |
551 |
0x000b8080: 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 |
552 |
0x000b8090: 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 0x0720 |
553 |
@end example |
554 |
@end itemize |
555 |
|
556 |
@item p or print/fmt expr |
557 |
|
558 |
Print expression value. Only the @var{format} part of @var{fmt} is |
559 |
used. |
560 |
|
561 |
@item sendkey keys |
562 |
|
563 |
Send @var{keys} to the emulator. Use @code{-} to press several keys |
564 |
simultaneously. Example: |
565 |
@example |
566 |
sendkey ctrl-alt-f1 |
567 |
@end example |
568 |
|
569 |
This command is useful to send keys that your graphical user interface |
570 |
intercepts at low level, such as @code{ctrl-alt-f1} in X Window. |
571 |
|
572 |
@item system_reset |
573 |
|
574 |
Reset the system. |
575 |
|
576 |
@end table |
577 |
|
578 |
@subsection Integer expressions |
579 |
|
580 |
The monitor understands integers expressions for every integer |
581 |
argument. You can use register names to get the value of specifics |
582 |
CPU registers by prefixing them with @emph{$}. |
583 |
|
584 |
@node disk_images |
585 |
@section Disk Images |
586 |
|
587 |
Since version 0.6.1, QEMU supports many disk image formats, including |
588 |
growable disk images (their size increase as non empty sectors are |
589 |
written), compressed and encrypted disk images. |
590 |
|
591 |
@subsection Quick start for disk image creation |
592 |
|
593 |
You can create a disk image with the command: |
594 |
@example |
595 |
qemu-img create myimage.img mysize |
596 |
@end example |
597 |
where @var{myimage.img} is the disk image filename and @var{mysize} is its |
598 |
size in kilobytes. You can add an @code{M} suffix to give the size in |
599 |
megabytes and a @code{G} suffix for gigabytes. |
600 |
|
601 |
@xref{qemu_img_invocation} for more information. |
602 |
|
603 |
@subsection Snapshot mode |
604 |
|
605 |
If you use the option @option{-snapshot}, all disk images are |
606 |
considered as read only. When sectors in written, they are written in |
607 |
a temporary file created in @file{/tmp}. You can however force the |
608 |
write back to the raw disk images by using the @code{commit} monitor |
609 |
command (or @key{C-a s} in the serial console). |
610 |
|
611 |
@node qemu_img_invocation |
612 |
@subsection @code{qemu-img} Invocation |
613 |
|
614 |
@include qemu-img.texi |
615 |
|
616 |
@section Network emulation |
617 |
|
618 |
QEMU simulates up to 6 networks cards (NE2000 boards). Each card can |
619 |
be connected to a specific host network interface. |
620 |
|
621 |
@subsection Using tun/tap network interface |
622 |
|
623 |
This is the standard way to emulate network. QEMU adds a virtual |
624 |
network device on your host (called @code{tun0}), and you can then |
625 |
configure it as if it was a real ethernet card. |
626 |
|
627 |
As an example, you can download the @file{linux-test-xxx.tar.gz} |
628 |
archive and copy the script @file{qemu-ifup} in @file{/etc} and |
629 |
configure properly @code{sudo} so that the command @code{ifconfig} |
630 |
contained in @file{qemu-ifup} can be executed as root. You must verify |
631 |
that your host kernel supports the TUN/TAP network interfaces: the |
632 |
device @file{/dev/net/tun} must be present. |
633 |
|
634 |
See @ref{direct_linux_boot} to have an example of network use with a |
635 |
Linux distribution. |
636 |
|
637 |
@subsection Using the user mode network stack |
638 |
|
639 |
By using the option @option{-user-net} or if you have no tun/tap init |
640 |
script, QEMU uses a completely user mode network stack (you don't need |
641 |
root priviledge to use the virtual network). The virtual network |
642 |
configuration is the following: |
643 |
|
644 |
@example |
645 |
|
646 |
QEMU Virtual Machine <------> Firewall/DHCP server <-----> Internet |
647 |
(10.0.2.x) | (10.0.2.2) |
648 |
| |
649 |
----> DNS server (10.0.2.3) |
650 |
| |
651 |
----> SMB server (10.0.2.4) |
652 |
@end example |
653 |
|
654 |
The QEMU VM behaves as if it was behind a firewall which blocks all |
655 |
incoming connections. You can use a DHCP client to automatically |
656 |
configure the network in the QEMU VM. |
657 |
|
658 |
In order to check that the user mode network is working, you can ping |
659 |
the address 10.0.2.2 and verify that you got an address in the range |
660 |
10.0.2.x from the QEMU virtual DHCP server. |
661 |
|
662 |
Note that @code{ping} is not supported reliably to the internet as it |
663 |
would require root priviledges. It means you can only ping the local |
664 |
router (10.0.2.2). |
665 |
|
666 |
When using the built-in TFTP server, the router is also the TFTP |
667 |
server. |
668 |
|
669 |
When using the @option{-redir} option, TCP or UDP connections can be |
670 |
redirected from the host to the guest. It allows for example to |
671 |
redirect X11, telnet or SSH connections. |
672 |
|
673 |
@node direct_linux_boot |
674 |
@section Direct Linux Boot |
675 |
|
676 |
This section explains how to launch a Linux kernel inside QEMU without |
677 |
having to make a full bootable image. It is very useful for fast Linux |
678 |
kernel testing. The QEMU network configuration is also explained. |
679 |
|
680 |
@enumerate |
681 |
@item |
682 |
Download the archive @file{linux-test-xxx.tar.gz} containing a Linux |
683 |
kernel and a disk image. |
684 |
|
685 |
@item Optional: If you want network support (for example to launch X11 examples), you |
686 |
must copy the script @file{qemu-ifup} in @file{/etc} and configure |
687 |
properly @code{sudo} so that the command @code{ifconfig} contained in |
688 |
@file{qemu-ifup} can be executed as root. You must verify that your host |
689 |
kernel supports the TUN/TAP network interfaces: the device |
690 |
@file{/dev/net/tun} must be present. |
691 |
|
692 |
When network is enabled, there is a virtual network connection between |
693 |
the host kernel and the emulated kernel. The emulated kernel is seen |
694 |
from the host kernel at IP address 172.20.0.2 and the host kernel is |
695 |
seen from the emulated kernel at IP address 172.20.0.1. |
696 |
|
697 |
@item Launch @code{qemu.sh}. You should have the following output: |
698 |
|
699 |
@example |
700 |
> ./qemu.sh |
701 |
Connected to host network interface: tun0 |
702 |
Linux version 2.4.21 (bellard@voyager.localdomain) (gcc version 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-5)) #5 Tue Nov 11 18:18:53 CET 2003 |
703 |
BIOS-provided physical RAM map: |
704 |
BIOS-e801: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009f000 (usable) |
705 |
BIOS-e801: 0000000000100000 - 0000000002000000 (usable) |
706 |
32MB LOWMEM available. |
707 |
On node 0 totalpages: 8192 |
708 |
zone(0): 4096 pages. |
709 |
zone(1): 4096 pages. |
710 |
zone(2): 0 pages. |
711 |
Kernel command line: root=/dev/hda sb=0x220,5,1,5 ide2=noprobe ide3=noprobe ide4=noprobe ide5=noprobe console=ttyS0 |
712 |
ide_setup: ide2=noprobe |
713 |
ide_setup: ide3=noprobe |
714 |
ide_setup: ide4=noprobe |
715 |
ide_setup: ide5=noprobe |
716 |
Initializing CPU#0 |
717 |
Detected 2399.621 MHz processor. |
718 |
Console: colour EGA 80x25 |
719 |
Calibrating delay loop... 4744.80 BogoMIPS |
720 |
Memory: 28872k/32768k available (1210k kernel code, 3508k reserved, 266k data, 64k init, 0k highmem) |
721 |
Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) |
722 |
Inode cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) |
723 |
Mount cache hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) |
724 |
Buffer-cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) |
725 |
Page-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) |
726 |
CPU: Intel Pentium Pro stepping 03 |
727 |
Checking 'hlt' instruction... OK. |
728 |
POSIX conformance testing by UNIFIX |
729 |
Linux NET4.0 for Linux 2.4 |
730 |
Based upon Swansea University Computer Society NET3.039 |
731 |
Initializing RT netlink socket |
732 |
apm: BIOS not found. |
733 |
Starting kswapd |
734 |
Journalled Block Device driver loaded |
735 |
Detected PS/2 Mouse Port. |
736 |
pty: 256 Unix98 ptys configured |
737 |
Serial driver version 5.05c (2001-07-08) with no serial options enabled |
738 |
ttyS00 at 0x03f8 (irq = 4) is a 16450 |
739 |
ne.c:v1.10 9/23/94 Donald Becker (becker@scyld.com) |
740 |
Last modified Nov 1, 2000 by Paul Gortmaker |
741 |
NE*000 ethercard probe at 0x300: 52 54 00 12 34 56 |
742 |
eth0: NE2000 found at 0x300, using IRQ 9. |
743 |
RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize |
744 |
Uniform Multi-Platform E-IDE driver Revision: 7.00beta4-2.4 |
745 |
ide: Assuming 50MHz system bus speed for PIO modes; override with idebus=xx |
746 |
hda: QEMU HARDDISK, ATA DISK drive |
747 |
ide0 at 0x1f0-0x1f7,0x3f6 on irq 14 |
748 |
hda: attached ide-disk driver. |
749 |
hda: 20480 sectors (10 MB) w/256KiB Cache, CHS=20/16/63 |
750 |
Partition check: |
751 |
hda: |
752 |
Soundblaster audio driver Copyright (C) by Hannu Savolainen 1993-1996 |
753 |
NET4: Linux TCP/IP 1.0 for NET4.0 |
754 |
IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP, IGMP |
755 |
IP: routing cache hash table of 512 buckets, 4Kbytes |
756 |
TCP: Hash tables configured (established 2048 bind 4096) |
757 |
NET4: Unix domain sockets 1.0/SMP for Linux NET4.0. |
758 |
EXT2-fs warning: mounting unchecked fs, running e2fsck is recommended |
759 |
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem). |
760 |
Freeing unused kernel memory: 64k freed |
761 |
|
762 |
Linux version 2.4.21 (bellard@voyager.localdomain) (gcc version 3.2.2 20030222 (Red Hat Linux 3.2.2-5)) #5 Tue Nov 11 18:18:53 CET 2003 |
763 |
|
764 |
QEMU Linux test distribution (based on Redhat 9) |
765 |
|
766 |
Type 'exit' to halt the system |
767 |
|
768 |
sh-2.05b# |
769 |
@end example |
770 |
|
771 |
@item |
772 |
Then you can play with the kernel inside the virtual serial console. You |
773 |
can launch @code{ls} for example. Type @key{Ctrl-a h} to have an help |
774 |
about the keys you can type inside the virtual serial console. In |
775 |
particular, use @key{Ctrl-a x} to exit QEMU and use @key{Ctrl-a b} as |
776 |
the Magic SysRq key. |
777 |
|
778 |
@item |
779 |
If the network is enabled, launch the script @file{/etc/linuxrc} in the |
780 |
emulator (don't forget the leading dot): |
781 |
@example |
782 |
. /etc/linuxrc |
783 |
@end example |
784 |
|
785 |
Then enable X11 connections on your PC from the emulated Linux: |
786 |
@example |
787 |
xhost +172.20.0.2 |
788 |
@end example |
789 |
|
790 |
You can now launch @file{xterm} or @file{xlogo} and verify that you have |
791 |
a real Virtual Linux system ! |
792 |
|
793 |
@end enumerate |
794 |
|
795 |
NOTES: |
796 |
@enumerate |
797 |
@item |
798 |
A 2.5.74 kernel is also included in the archive. Just |
799 |
replace the bzImage in qemu.sh to try it. |
800 |
|
801 |
@item |
802 |
In order to exit cleanly from qemu, you can do a @emph{shutdown} inside |
803 |
qemu. qemu will automatically exit when the Linux shutdown is done. |
804 |
|
805 |
@item |
806 |
You can boot slightly faster by disabling the probe of non present IDE |
807 |
interfaces. To do so, add the following options on the kernel command |
808 |
line: |
809 |
@example |
810 |
ide1=noprobe ide2=noprobe ide3=noprobe ide4=noprobe ide5=noprobe |
811 |
@end example |
812 |
|
813 |
@item |
814 |
The example disk image is a modified version of the one made by Kevin |
815 |
Lawton for the plex86 Project (@url{www.plex86.org}). |
816 |
|
817 |
@end enumerate |
818 |
|
819 |
@node gdb_usage |
820 |
@section GDB usage |
821 |
|
822 |
QEMU has a primitive support to work with gdb, so that you can do |
823 |
'Ctrl-C' while the virtual machine is running and inspect its state. |
824 |
|
825 |
In order to use gdb, launch qemu with the '-s' option. It will wait for a |
826 |
gdb connection: |
827 |
@example |
828 |
> qemu -s -kernel arch/i386/boot/bzImage -hda root-2.4.20.img -append "root=/dev/hda" |
829 |
Connected to host network interface: tun0 |
830 |
Waiting gdb connection on port 1234 |
831 |
@end example |
832 |
|
833 |
Then launch gdb on the 'vmlinux' executable: |
834 |
@example |
835 |
> gdb vmlinux |
836 |
@end example |
837 |
|
838 |
In gdb, connect to QEMU: |
839 |
@example |
840 |
(gdb) target remote localhost:1234 |
841 |
@end example |
842 |
|
843 |
Then you can use gdb normally. For example, type 'c' to launch the kernel: |
844 |
@example |
845 |
(gdb) c |
846 |
@end example |
847 |
|
848 |
Here are some useful tips in order to use gdb on system code: |
849 |
|
850 |
@enumerate |
851 |
@item |
852 |
Use @code{info reg} to display all the CPU registers. |
853 |
@item |
854 |
Use @code{x/10i $eip} to display the code at the PC position. |
855 |
@item |
856 |
Use @code{set architecture i8086} to dump 16 bit code. Then use |
857 |
@code{x/10i $cs*16+*eip} to dump the code at the PC position. |
858 |
@end enumerate |
859 |
|
860 |
@section Target OS specific information |
861 |
|
862 |
@subsection Linux |
863 |
|
864 |
To have access to SVGA graphic modes under X11, use the @code{vesa} or |
865 |
the @code{cirrus} X11 driver. For optimal performances, use 16 bit |
866 |
color depth in the guest and the host OS. |
867 |
|
868 |
When using a 2.6 guest Linux kernel, you should add the option |
869 |
@code{clock=pit} on the kernel command line because the 2.6 Linux |
870 |
kernels make very strict real time clock checks by default that QEMU |
871 |
cannot simulate exactly. |
872 |
|
873 |
When using a 2.6 guest Linux kernel, verify that the 4G/4G patch is |
874 |
not activated because QEMU is slower with this patch. The QEMU |
875 |
Accelerator Module is also much slower in this case. Earlier Fedora |
876 |
Core 3 Linux kernel (< 2.6.9-1.724_FC3) were known to incorporte this |
877 |
patch by default. Newer kernels don't have it. |
878 |
|
879 |
@subsection Windows |
880 |
|
881 |
If you have a slow host, using Windows 95 is better as it gives the |
882 |
best speed. Windows 2000 is also a good choice. |
883 |
|
884 |
@subsubsection SVGA graphic modes support |
885 |
|
886 |
QEMU emulates a Cirrus Logic GD5446 Video |
887 |
card. All Windows versions starting from Windows 95 should recognize |
888 |
and use this graphic card. For optimal performances, use 16 bit color |
889 |
depth in the guest and the host OS. |
890 |
|
891 |
@subsubsection CPU usage reduction |
892 |
|
893 |
Windows 9x does not correctly use the CPU HLT |
894 |
instruction. The result is that it takes host CPU cycles even when |
895 |
idle. You can install the utility from |
896 |
@url{http://www.user.cityline.ru/~maxamn/amnhltm.zip} to solve this |
897 |
problem. Note that no such tool is needed for NT, 2000 or XP. |
898 |
|
899 |
@subsubsection Windows 2000 disk full problems |
900 |
|
901 |
Currently (release 0.6.0) QEMU has a bug which gives a @code{disk |
902 |
full} error during installation of some releases of Windows 2000. The |
903 |
workaround is to stop QEMU as soon as you notice that your disk image |
904 |
size is growing too fast (monitor it with @code{ls -ls}). Then |
905 |
relaunch QEMU to continue the installation. If you still experience |
906 |
the problem, relaunch QEMU again. |
907 |
|
908 |
Future QEMU releases are likely to correct this bug. |
909 |
|
910 |
@subsubsection Windows XP security problems |
911 |
|
912 |
Some releases of Windows XP install correctly but give a security |
913 |
error when booting: |
914 |
@example |
915 |
A problem is preventing Windows from accurately checking the |
916 |
license for this computer. Error code: 0x800703e6. |
917 |
@end example |
918 |
The only known workaround is to boot in Safe mode |
919 |
without networking support. |
920 |
|
921 |
Future QEMU releases are likely to correct this bug. |
922 |
|
923 |
@subsection MS-DOS and FreeDOS |
924 |
|
925 |
@subsubsection CPU usage reduction |
926 |
|
927 |
DOS does not correctly use the CPU HLT instruction. The result is that |
928 |
it takes host CPU cycles even when idle. You can install the utility |
929 |
from @url{http://www.vmware.com/software/dosidle210.zip} to solve this |
930 |
problem. |
931 |
|
932 |
@chapter QEMU PowerPC System emulator invocation |
933 |
|
934 |
Use the executable @file{qemu-system-ppc} to simulate a complete PREP |
935 |
or PowerMac PowerPC system. |
936 |
|
937 |
QEMU emulates the following PowerMac peripherals: |
938 |
|
939 |
@itemize @minus |
940 |
@item |
941 |
UniNorth PCI Bridge |
942 |
@item |
943 |
PCI VGA compatible card with VESA Bochs Extensions |
944 |
@item |
945 |
2 PMAC IDE interfaces with hard disk and CD-ROM support |
946 |
@item |
947 |
NE2000 PCI adapters |
948 |
@item |
949 |
Non Volatile RAM |
950 |
@item |
951 |
VIA-CUDA with ADB keyboard and mouse. |
952 |
@end itemize |
953 |
|
954 |
QEMU emulates the following PREP peripherals: |
955 |
|
956 |
@itemize @minus |
957 |
@item |
958 |
PCI Bridge |
959 |
@item |
960 |
PCI VGA compatible card with VESA Bochs Extensions |
961 |
@item |
962 |
2 IDE interfaces with hard disk and CD-ROM support |
963 |
@item |
964 |
Floppy disk |
965 |
@item |
966 |
NE2000 network adapters |
967 |
@item |
968 |
Serial port |
969 |
@item |
970 |
PREP Non Volatile RAM |
971 |
@item |
972 |
PC compatible keyboard and mouse. |
973 |
@end itemize |
974 |
|
975 |
QEMU uses the Open Hack'Ware Open Firmware Compatible BIOS available at |
976 |
@url{http://site.voila.fr/jmayer/OpenHackWare/index.htm}. |
977 |
|
978 |
You can read the qemu PC system emulation chapter to have more |
979 |
informations about QEMU usage. |
980 |
|
981 |
@c man begin OPTIONS |
982 |
|
983 |
The following options are specific to the PowerPC emulation: |
984 |
|
985 |
@table @option |
986 |
|
987 |
@item -prep |
988 |
Simulate a PREP system (default is PowerMAC) |
989 |
|
990 |
@item -g WxH[xDEPTH] |
991 |
|
992 |
Set the initial VGA graphic mode. The default is 800x600x15. |
993 |
|
994 |
@end table |
995 |
|
996 |
@c man end |
997 |
|
998 |
|
999 |
More information is available at |
1000 |
@url{http://jocelyn.mayer.free.fr/qemu-ppc/}. |
1001 |
|
1002 |
@chapter Sparc System emulator invocation |
1003 |
|
1004 |
Use the executable @file{qemu-system-sparc} to simulate a JavaStation |
1005 |
(sun4m architecture). The emulation is far from complete. |
1006 |
|
1007 |
QEMU emulates the following sun4m peripherals: |
1008 |
|
1009 |
@itemize @minus |
1010 |
@item |
1011 |
IOMMU |
1012 |
@item |
1013 |
TCX Frame buffer |
1014 |
@item |
1015 |
Lance (Am7990) Ethernet |
1016 |
@item |
1017 |
Non Volatile RAM M48T08 |
1018 |
@item |
1019 |
Slave I/O: timers, interrupt controllers, Zilog serial ports |
1020 |
@end itemize |
1021 |
|
1022 |
QEMU uses the Proll, a PROM replacement available at |
1023 |
@url{http://people.redhat.com/zaitcev/linux/}. |
1024 |
|
1025 |
A sample Linux kernel and ram disk image are available on the QEMU web |
1026 |
site. |
1027 |
|
1028 |
@chapter QEMU User space emulator invocation |
1029 |
|
1030 |
@section Quick Start |
1031 |
|
1032 |
In order to launch a Linux process, QEMU needs the process executable |
1033 |
itself and all the target (x86) dynamic libraries used by it. |
1034 |
|
1035 |
@itemize |
1036 |
|
1037 |
@item On x86, you can just try to launch any process by using the native |
1038 |
libraries: |
1039 |
|
1040 |
@example |
1041 |
qemu-i386 -L / /bin/ls |
1042 |
@end example |
1043 |
|
1044 |
@code{-L /} tells that the x86 dynamic linker must be searched with a |
1045 |
@file{/} prefix. |
1046 |
|
1047 |
@item Since QEMU is also a linux process, you can launch qemu with qemu (NOTE: you can only do that if you compiled QEMU from the sources): |
1048 |
|
1049 |
@example |
1050 |
qemu-i386 -L / qemu-i386 -L / /bin/ls |
1051 |
@end example |
1052 |
|
1053 |
@item On non x86 CPUs, you need first to download at least an x86 glibc |
1054 |
(@file{qemu-runtime-i386-XXX-.tar.gz} on the QEMU web page). Ensure that |
1055 |
@code{LD_LIBRARY_PATH} is not set: |
1056 |
|
1057 |
@example |
1058 |
unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH |
1059 |
@end example |
1060 |
|
1061 |
Then you can launch the precompiled @file{ls} x86 executable: |
1062 |
|
1063 |
@example |
1064 |
qemu-i386 tests/i386/ls |
1065 |
@end example |
1066 |
You can look at @file{qemu-binfmt-conf.sh} so that |
1067 |
QEMU is automatically launched by the Linux kernel when you try to |
1068 |
launch x86 executables. It requires the @code{binfmt_misc} module in the |
1069 |
Linux kernel. |
1070 |
|
1071 |
@item The x86 version of QEMU is also included. You can try weird things such as: |
1072 |
@example |
1073 |
qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/ls-i386 |
1074 |
@end example |
1075 |
|
1076 |
@end itemize |
1077 |
|
1078 |
@section Wine launch |
1079 |
|
1080 |
@itemize |
1081 |
|
1082 |
@item Ensure that you have a working QEMU with the x86 glibc |
1083 |
distribution (see previous section). In order to verify it, you must be |
1084 |
able to do: |
1085 |
|
1086 |
@example |
1087 |
qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/ls-i386 |
1088 |
@end example |
1089 |
|
1090 |
@item Download the binary x86 Wine install |
1091 |
(@file{qemu-XXX-i386-wine.tar.gz} on the QEMU web page). |
1092 |
|
1093 |
@item Configure Wine on your account. Look at the provided script |
1094 |
@file{/usr/local/qemu-i386/bin/wine-conf.sh}. Your previous |
1095 |
@code{$@{HOME@}/.wine} directory is saved to @code{$@{HOME@}/.wine.org}. |
1096 |
|
1097 |
@item Then you can try the example @file{putty.exe}: |
1098 |
|
1099 |
@example |
1100 |
qemu-i386 /usr/local/qemu-i386/wine/bin/wine /usr/local/qemu-i386/wine/c/Program\ Files/putty.exe |
1101 |
@end example |
1102 |
|
1103 |
@end itemize |
1104 |
|
1105 |
@section Command line options |
1106 |
|
1107 |
@example |
1108 |
usage: qemu-i386 [-h] [-d] [-L path] [-s size] program [arguments...] |
1109 |
@end example |
1110 |
|
1111 |
@table @option |
1112 |
@item -h |
1113 |
Print the help |
1114 |
@item -L path |
1115 |
Set the x86 elf interpreter prefix (default=/usr/local/qemu-i386) |
1116 |
@item -s size |
1117 |
Set the x86 stack size in bytes (default=524288) |
1118 |
@end table |
1119 |
|
1120 |
Debug options: |
1121 |
|
1122 |
@table @option |
1123 |
@item -d |
1124 |
Activate log (logfile=/tmp/qemu.log) |
1125 |
@item -p pagesize |
1126 |
Act as if the host page size was 'pagesize' bytes |
1127 |
@end table |
1128 |
|
1129 |
@node compilation |
1130 |
@chapter Compilation from the sources |
1131 |
|
1132 |
@section Linux/Unix |
1133 |
|
1134 |
@subsection Compilation |
1135 |
|
1136 |
First you must decompress the sources: |
1137 |
@example |
1138 |
cd /tmp |
1139 |
tar zxvf qemu-x.y.z.tar.gz |
1140 |
cd qemu-x.y.z |
1141 |
@end example |
1142 |
|
1143 |
Then you configure QEMU and build it (usually no options are needed): |
1144 |
@example |
1145 |
./configure |
1146 |
make |
1147 |
@end example |
1148 |
|
1149 |
Then type as root user: |
1150 |
@example |
1151 |
make install |
1152 |
@end example |
1153 |
to install QEMU in @file{/usr/local}. |
1154 |
|
1155 |
@subsection Tested tool versions |
1156 |
|
1157 |
In order to compile QEMU succesfully, it is very important that you |
1158 |
have the right tools. The most important one is gcc. I cannot guaranty |
1159 |
that QEMU works if you do not use a tested gcc version. Look at |
1160 |
'configure' and 'Makefile' if you want to make a different gcc |
1161 |
version work. |
1162 |
|
1163 |
@example |
1164 |
host gcc binutils glibc linux distribution |
1165 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------- |
1166 |
x86 3.2 2.13.2 2.1.3 2.4.18 |
1167 |
2.96 2.11.93.0.2 2.2.5 2.4.18 Red Hat 7.3 |
1168 |
3.2.2 2.13.90.0.18 2.3.2 2.4.20 Red Hat 9 |
1169 |
|
1170 |
PowerPC 3.3 [4] 2.13.90.0.18 2.3.1 2.4.20briq |
1171 |
3.2 |
1172 |
|
1173 |
Alpha 3.3 [1] 2.14.90.0.4 2.2.5 2.2.20 [2] Debian 3.0 |
1174 |
|
1175 |
Sparc32 2.95.4 2.12.90.0.1 2.2.5 2.4.18 Debian 3.0 |
1176 |
|
1177 |
ARM 2.95.4 2.12.90.0.1 2.2.5 2.4.9 [3] Debian 3.0 |
1178 |
|
1179 |
[1] On Alpha, QEMU needs the gcc 'visibility' attribute only available |
1180 |
for gcc version >= 3.3. |
1181 |
[2] Linux >= 2.4.20 is necessary for precise exception support |
1182 |
(untested). |
1183 |
[3] 2.4.9-ac10-rmk2-np1-cerf2 |
1184 |
|
1185 |
[4] gcc 2.95.x generates invalid code when using too many register |
1186 |
variables. You must use gcc 3.x on PowerPC. |
1187 |
@end example |
1188 |
|
1189 |
@section Windows |
1190 |
|
1191 |
@itemize |
1192 |
@item Install the current versions of MSYS and MinGW from |
1193 |
@url{http://www.mingw.org/}. You can find detailed installation |
1194 |
instructions in the download section and the FAQ. |
1195 |
|
1196 |
@item Download |
1197 |
the MinGW development library of SDL 1.2.x |
1198 |
(@file{SDL-devel-1.2.x-mingw32.tar.gz}) from |
1199 |
@url{http://www.libsdl.org}. Unpack it in a temporary place, and |
1200 |
unpack the archive @file{i386-mingw32msvc.tar.gz} in the MinGW tool |
1201 |
directory. Edit the @file{sdl-config} script so that it gives the |
1202 |
correct SDL directory when invoked. |
1203 |
|
1204 |
@item Extract the current version of QEMU. |
1205 |
|
1206 |
@item Start the MSYS shell (file @file{msys.bat}). |
1207 |
|
1208 |
@item Change to the QEMU directory. Launch @file{./configure} and |
1209 |
@file{make}. If you have problems using SDL, verify that |
1210 |
@file{sdl-config} can be launched from the MSYS command line. |
1211 |
|
1212 |
@item You can install QEMU in @file{Program Files/Qemu} by typing |
1213 |
@file{make install}. Don't forget to copy @file{SDL.dll} in |
1214 |
@file{Program Files/Qemu}. |
1215 |
|
1216 |
@end itemize |
1217 |
|
1218 |
@section Cross compilation for Windows with Linux |
1219 |
|
1220 |
@itemize |
1221 |
@item |
1222 |
Install the MinGW cross compilation tools available at |
1223 |
@url{http://www.mingw.org/}. |
1224 |
|
1225 |
@item |
1226 |
Install the Win32 version of SDL (@url{http://www.libsdl.org}) by |
1227 |
unpacking @file{i386-mingw32msvc.tar.gz}. Set up the PATH environment |
1228 |
variable so that @file{i386-mingw32msvc-sdl-config} can be launched by |
1229 |
the QEMU configuration script. |
1230 |
|
1231 |
@item |
1232 |
Configure QEMU for Windows cross compilation: |
1233 |
@example |
1234 |
./configure --enable-mingw32 |
1235 |
@end example |
1236 |
If necessary, you can change the cross-prefix according to the prefix |
1237 |
choosen for the MinGW tools with --cross-prefix. You can also use |
1238 |
--prefix to set the Win32 install path. |
1239 |
|
1240 |
@item You can install QEMU in the installation directory by typing |
1241 |
@file{make install}. Don't forget to copy @file{SDL.dll} in the |
1242 |
installation directory. |
1243 |
|
1244 |
@end itemize |
1245 |
|
1246 |
Note: Currently, Wine does not seem able to launch |
1247 |
QEMU for Win32. |
1248 |
|
1249 |
@section Mac OS X |
1250 |
|
1251 |
The Mac OS X patches are not fully merged in QEMU, so you should look |
1252 |
at the QEMU mailing list archive to have all the necessary |
1253 |
information. |
1254 |
|