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/*

 * QEMU USB EHCI Emulation

 *

 * Copyright(c) 2008  Emutex Ltd. (address@hidden)

 *

 * EHCI project was started by Mark Burkley, with contributions by

 * Niels de Vos.  David S. Ahern continued working on it.  Kevin Wolf,

 * Jan Kiszka and Vincent Palatin contributed bugfixes.

 *

 *

 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or

 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public

 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either

 * version 2 of the License, or(at your option) any later version.

 *

 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,

 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of

 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU

 * Lesser General Public License for more details.

 *

 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License

 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

 */

#include "hw/hw.h"

#include "qemu-timer.h"

#include "hw/usb.h"

#include "hw/pci.h"

#include "monitor.h"

#include "trace.h"

#include "dma.h"

#define EHCI_DEBUG   0

#if EHCI_DEBUG

#define DPRINTF printf

#else

#define DPRINTF(...)

#endif

/* internal processing - reset HC to try and recover */

#define USB_RET_PROCERR   (-99)

#define MMIO_SIZE        0x1000

/* Capability Registers Base Address - section 2.2 */

#define CAPREGBASE       0x0000

#define CAPLENGTH        CAPREGBASE + 0x0000  // 1-byte, 0x0001 reserved

#define HCIVERSION       CAPREGBASE + 0x0002  // 2-bytes, i/f version #

#define HCSPARAMS        CAPREGBASE + 0x0004  // 4-bytes, structural params

#define HCCPARAMS        CAPREGBASE + 0x0008  // 4-bytes, capability params

#define EECP             HCCPARAMS + 1

#define HCSPPORTROUTE1   CAPREGBASE + 0x000c

#define HCSPPORTROUTE2   CAPREGBASE + 0x0010

#define OPREGBASE        0x0020        // Operational Registers Base Address

#define USBCMD           OPREGBASE + 0x0000

#define USBCMD_RUNSTOP   (1 << 0)      // run / Stop

#define USBCMD_HCRESET   (1 << 1)      // HC Reset

#define USBCMD_FLS       (3 << 2)      // Frame List Size

#define USBCMD_FLS_SH    2             // Frame List Size Shift

#define USBCMD_PSE       (1 << 4)      // Periodic Schedule Enable

#define USBCMD_ASE       (1 << 5)      // Asynch Schedule Enable

#define USBCMD_IAAD      (1 << 6)      // Int Asynch Advance Doorbell

#define USBCMD_LHCR      (1 << 7)      // Light Host Controller Reset

#define USBCMD_ASPMC     (3 << 8)      // Async Sched Park Mode Count

#define USBCMD_ASPME     (1 << 11)     // Async Sched Park Mode Enable

#define USBCMD_ITC       (0x7f << 16)  // Int Threshold Control

#define USBCMD_ITC_SH    16            // Int Threshold Control Shift

#define USBSTS           OPREGBASE + 0x0004

#define USBSTS_RO_MASK   0x0000003f

#define USBSTS_INT       (1 << 0)      // USB Interrupt

#define USBSTS_ERRINT    (1 << 1)      // Error Interrupt

#define USBSTS_PCD       (1 << 2)      // Port Change Detect

#define USBSTS_FLR       (1 << 3)      // Frame List Rollover

#define USBSTS_HSE       (1 << 4)      // Host System Error

#define USBSTS_IAA       (1 << 5)      // Interrupt on Async Advance

#define USBSTS_HALT      (1 << 12)     // HC Halted

#define USBSTS_REC       (1 << 13)     // Reclamation

#define USBSTS_PSS       (1 << 14)     // Periodic Schedule Status

#define USBSTS_ASS       (1 << 15)     // Asynchronous Schedule Status

/*

 *  Interrupt enable bits correspond to the interrupt active bits in USBSTS

 *  so no need to redefine here.

 */

#define USBINTR              OPREGBASE + 0x0008

#define USBINTR_MASK         0x0000003f

#define FRINDEX              OPREGBASE + 0x000c

#define CTRLDSSEGMENT        OPREGBASE + 0x0010

#define PERIODICLISTBASE     OPREGBASE + 0x0014

#define ASYNCLISTADDR        OPREGBASE + 0x0018

#define ASYNCLISTADDR_MASK   0xffffffe0

#define CONFIGFLAG           OPREGBASE + 0x0040

#define PORTSC               (OPREGBASE + 0x0044)

#define PORTSC_BEGIN         PORTSC

#define PORTSC_END           (PORTSC + 4 * NB_PORTS)

/*

 * Bits that are reserved or are read-only are masked out of values

 * written to us by software

 */

#define PORTSC_RO_MASK       0x007001c0

#define PORTSC_RWC_MASK      0x0000002a

#define PORTSC_WKOC_E        (1 << 22)    // Wake on Over Current Enable

#define PORTSC_WKDS_E        (1 << 21)    // Wake on Disconnect Enable

#define PORTSC_WKCN_E        (1 << 20)    // Wake on Connect Enable

#define PORTSC_PTC           (15 << 16)   // Port Test Control

#define PORTSC_PTC_SH        16           // Port Test Control shift

#define PORTSC_PIC           (3 << 14)    // Port Indicator Control

#define PORTSC_PIC_SH        14           // Port Indicator Control Shift

#define PORTSC_POWNER        (1 << 13)    // Port Owner

#define PORTSC_PPOWER        (1 << 12)    // Port Power

#define PORTSC_LINESTAT      (3 << 10)    // Port Line Status

#define PORTSC_LINESTAT_SH   10           // Port Line Status Shift

#define PORTSC_PRESET        (1 << 8)     // Port Reset

#define PORTSC_SUSPEND       (1 << 7)     // Port Suspend

#define PORTSC_FPRES         (1 << 6)     // Force Port Resume

#define PORTSC_OCC           (1 << 5)     // Over Current Change

#define PORTSC_OCA           (1 << 4)     // Over Current Active

#define PORTSC_PEDC          (1 << 3)     // Port Enable/Disable Change

#define PORTSC_PED           (1 << 2)     // Port Enable/Disable

#define PORTSC_CSC           (1 << 1)     // Connect Status Change

#define PORTSC_CONNECT       (1 << 0)     // Current Connect Status

#define FRAME_TIMER_FREQ 1000

#define FRAME_TIMER_NS   (1000000000 / FRAME_TIMER_FREQ)

#define NB_MAXINTRATE    8        // Max rate at which controller issues ints

#define NB_PORTS         6        // Number of downstream ports

#define BUFF_SIZE        5*4096   // Max bytes to transfer per transaction

#define MAX_QH           100      // Max allowable queue heads in a chain

/*  Internal periodic / asynchronous schedule state machine states

 */

typedef enum {

    EST_INACTIVE = 1000,

    EST_ACTIVE,

    EST_EXECUTING,

    EST_SLEEPING,

    /*  The following states are internal to the state machine function

    */

    EST_WAITLISTHEAD,

    EST_FETCHENTRY,

    EST_FETCHQH,

    EST_FETCHITD,

    EST_FETCHSITD,

    EST_ADVANCEQUEUE,

    EST_FETCHQTD,

    EST_EXECUTE,

    EST_WRITEBACK,

    EST_HORIZONTALQH

} EHCI_STATES;

/* macros for accessing fields within next link pointer entry */

#define NLPTR_GET(x)             ((x) & 0xffffffe0)

#define NLPTR_TYPE_GET(x)        (((x) >> 1) & 3)

#define NLPTR_TBIT(x)            ((x) & 1)  // 1=invalid, 0=valid

/* link pointer types */

#define NLPTR_TYPE_ITD           0     // isoc xfer descriptor

#define NLPTR_TYPE_QH            1     // queue head

#define NLPTR_TYPE_STITD         2     // split xaction, isoc xfer descriptor

#define NLPTR_TYPE_FSTN          3     // frame span traversal node

/*  EHCI spec version 1.0 Section 3.3

 */

typedef struct EHCIitd {

    uint32_t next;

    uint32_t transact[8];

#define ITD_XACT_ACTIVE          (1 << 31)

#define ITD_XACT_DBERROR         (1 << 30)

#define ITD_XACT_BABBLE          (1 << 29)

#define ITD_XACT_XACTERR         (1 << 28)

#define ITD_XACT_LENGTH_MASK     0x0fff0000

#define ITD_XACT_LENGTH_SH       16

#define ITD_XACT_IOC             (1 << 15)

#define ITD_XACT_PGSEL_MASK      0x00007000

#define ITD_XACT_PGSEL_SH        12

#define ITD_XACT_OFFSET_MASK     0x00000fff

    uint32_t bufptr[7];

#define ITD_BUFPTR_MASK          0xfffff000

#define ITD_BUFPTR_SH            12

#define ITD_BUFPTR_EP_MASK       0x00000f00

#define ITD_BUFPTR_EP_SH         8

#define ITD_BUFPTR_DEVADDR_MASK  0x0000007f

#define ITD_BUFPTR_DEVADDR_SH    0

#define ITD_BUFPTR_DIRECTION     (1 << 11)

#define ITD_BUFPTR_MAXPKT_MASK   0x000007ff

#define ITD_BUFPTR_MAXPKT_SH     0

#define ITD_BUFPTR_MULT_MASK     0x00000003

#define ITD_BUFPTR_MULT_SH       0

} EHCIitd;

/*  EHCI spec version 1.0 Section 3.4

 */

typedef struct EHCIsitd {

    uint32_t next;                  // Standard next link pointer

    uint32_t epchar;

#define SITD_EPCHAR_IO              (1 << 31)

#define SITD_EPCHAR_PORTNUM_MASK    0x7f000000

#define SITD_EPCHAR_PORTNUM_SH      24

#define SITD_EPCHAR_HUBADD_MASK     0x007f0000

#define SITD_EPCHAR_HUBADDR_SH      16

#define SITD_EPCHAR_EPNUM_MASK      0x00000f00

#define SITD_EPCHAR_EPNUM_SH        8

#define SITD_EPCHAR_DEVADDR_MASK    0x0000007f

    uint32_t uframe;

#define SITD_UFRAME_CMASK_MASK      0x0000ff00

#define SITD_UFRAME_CMASK_SH        8

#define SITD_UFRAME_SMASK_MASK      0x000000ff

    uint32_t results;

#define SITD_RESULTS_IOC              (1 << 31)

#define SITD_RESULTS_PGSEL            (1 << 30)

#define SITD_RESULTS_TBYTES_MASK      0x03ff0000

#define SITD_RESULTS_TYBYTES_SH       16

#define SITD_RESULTS_CPROGMASK_MASK   0x0000ff00

#define SITD_RESULTS_CPROGMASK_SH     8

#define SITD_RESULTS_ACTIVE           (1 << 7)

#define SITD_RESULTS_ERR              (1 << 6)

#define SITD_RESULTS_DBERR            (1 << 5)

#define SITD_RESULTS_BABBLE           (1 << 4)

#define SITD_RESULTS_XACTERR          (1 << 3)

#define SITD_RESULTS_MISSEDUF         (1 << 2)

#define SITD_RESULTS_SPLITXSTATE      (1 << 1)

    uint32_t bufptr[2];

#define SITD_BUFPTR_MASK              0xfffff000

#define SITD_BUFPTR_CURROFF_MASK      0x00000fff

#define SITD_BUFPTR_TPOS_MASK         0x00000018

#define SITD_BUFPTR_TPOS_SH           3

#define SITD_BUFPTR_TCNT_MASK         0x00000007

    uint32_t backptr;                 // Standard next link pointer

} EHCIsitd;

/*  EHCI spec version 1.0 Section 3.5

 */

typedef struct EHCIqtd {

    uint32_t next;                    // Standard next link pointer

    uint32_t altnext;                 // Standard next link pointer

    uint32_t token;

#define QTD_TOKEN_DTOGGLE             (1 << 31)

#define QTD_TOKEN_TBYTES_MASK         0x7fff0000

#define QTD_TOKEN_TBYTES_SH           16

#define QTD_TOKEN_IOC                 (1 << 15)

#define QTD_TOKEN_CPAGE_MASK          0x00007000

#define QTD_TOKEN_CPAGE_SH            12

#define QTD_TOKEN_CERR_MASK           0x00000c00

#define QTD_TOKEN_CERR_SH             10

#define QTD_TOKEN_PID_MASK            0x00000300

#define QTD_TOKEN_PID_SH              8

#define QTD_TOKEN_ACTIVE              (1 << 7)

#define QTD_TOKEN_HALT                (1 << 6)

#define QTD_TOKEN_DBERR               (1 << 5)

#define QTD_TOKEN_BABBLE              (1 << 4)

#define QTD_TOKEN_XACTERR             (1 << 3)

#define QTD_TOKEN_MISSEDUF            (1 << 2)

#define QTD_TOKEN_SPLITXSTATE         (1 << 1)

#define QTD_TOKEN_PING                (1 << 0)

    uint32_t bufptr[5];               // Standard buffer pointer

#define QTD_BUFPTR_MASK               0xfffff000

#define QTD_BUFPTR_SH                 12

} EHCIqtd;

/*  EHCI spec version 1.0 Section 3.6

 */

typedef struct EHCIqh {

    uint32_t next;                    // Standard next link pointer

    /* endpoint characteristics */

    uint32_t epchar;

#define QH_EPCHAR_RL_MASK             0xf0000000

#define QH_EPCHAR_RL_SH               28

#define QH_EPCHAR_C                   (1 << 27)

#define QH_EPCHAR_MPLEN_MASK          0x07FF0000

#define QH_EPCHAR_MPLEN_SH            16

#define QH_EPCHAR_H                   (1 << 15)

#define QH_EPCHAR_DTC                 (1 << 14)

#define QH_EPCHAR_EPS_MASK            0x00003000

#define QH_EPCHAR_EPS_SH              12

#define EHCI_QH_EPS_FULL              0

#define EHCI_QH_EPS_LOW               1

#define EHCI_QH_EPS_HIGH              2

#define EHCI_QH_EPS_RESERVED          3

#define QH_EPCHAR_EP_MASK             0x00000f00

#define QH_EPCHAR_EP_SH               8

#define QH_EPCHAR_I                   (1 << 7)

#define QH_EPCHAR_DEVADDR_MASK        0x0000007f

#define QH_EPCHAR_DEVADDR_SH          0

    /* endpoint capabilities */

    uint32_t epcap;

#define QH_EPCAP_MULT_MASK            0xc0000000

#define QH_EPCAP_MULT_SH              30

#define QH_EPCAP_PORTNUM_MASK         0x3f800000

#define QH_EPCAP_PORTNUM_SH           23

#define QH_EPCAP_HUBADDR_MASK         0x007f0000

#define QH_EPCAP_HUBADDR_SH           16

#define QH_EPCAP_CMASK_MASK           0x0000ff00

#define QH_EPCAP_CMASK_SH             8

#define QH_EPCAP_SMASK_MASK           0x000000ff

#define QH_EPCAP_SMASK_SH             0

    uint32_t current_qtd;             // Standard next link pointer

    uint32_t next_qtd;                // Standard next link pointer

    uint32_t altnext_qtd;

#define QH_ALTNEXT_NAKCNT_MASK        0x0000001e

#define QH_ALTNEXT_NAKCNT_SH          1

    uint32_t token;                   // Same as QTD token

    uint32_t bufptr[5];               // Standard buffer pointer

#define BUFPTR_CPROGMASK_MASK         0x000000ff

#define BUFPTR_FRAMETAG_MASK          0x0000001f

#define BUFPTR_SBYTES_MASK            0x00000fe0

#define BUFPTR_SBYTES_SH              5

} EHCIqh;

/*  EHCI spec version 1.0 Section 3.7

 */

typedef struct EHCIfstn {

    uint32_t next;                    // Standard next link pointer

    uint32_t backptr;                 // Standard next link pointer

} EHCIfstn;

typedef struct EHCIPacket EHCIPacket;

typedef struct EHCIQueue EHCIQueue;

typedef struct EHCIState EHCIState;

enum async_state {

    EHCI_ASYNC_NONE = 0,

    EHCI_ASYNC_INFLIGHT,

    EHCI_ASYNC_FINISHED,

};

struct EHCIPacket {

    EHCIQueue *queue;

    QTAILQ_ENTRY(EHCIPacket) next;

    EHCIqtd qtd;           /* copy of current QTD (being worked on) */

    uint32_t qtdaddr;      /* address QTD read from                 */

    USBPacket packet;

    QEMUSGList sgl;

    int pid;

    uint32_t tbytes;

    enum async_state async;

    int usb_status;

};

struct EHCIQueue {

    EHCIState *ehci;

    QTAILQ_ENTRY(EHCIQueue) next;

    uint32_t seen;

    uint64_t ts;

    int async;

    /* cached data from guest - needs to be flushed

     * when guest removes an entry (doorbell, handshake sequence)

     */

    EHCIqh qh;             /* copy of current QH (being worked on) */

    uint32_t qhaddr;       /* address QH read from                 */

    uint32_t qtdaddr;      /* address QTD read from                */

    USBDevice *dev;

    QTAILQ_HEAD(, EHCIPacket) packets;

};

typedef QTAILQ_HEAD(EHCIQueueHead, EHCIQueue) EHCIQueueHead;

struct EHCIState {

    PCIDevice dev;

    USBBus bus;

    qemu_irq irq;

    MemoryRegion mem;

    int companion_count;

    /* properties */

    uint32_t maxframes;

    /*

     *  EHCI spec version 1.0 Section 2.3

     *  Host Controller Operational Registers

     */

    union {

        uint8_t mmio[MMIO_SIZE];

        struct {

            uint8_t cap[OPREGBASE];

            uint32_t usbcmd;

            uint32_t usbsts;

            uint32_t usbintr;

            uint32_t frindex;

            uint32_t ctrldssegment;

            uint32_t periodiclistbase;

            uint32_t asynclistaddr;

            uint32_t notused[9];

            uint32_t configflag;

            uint32_t portsc[NB_PORTS];

        };

    };

    /*

     *  Internal states, shadow registers, etc

     */

    QEMUTimer *frame_timer;

    QEMUBH *async_bh;

    uint32_t astate;         /* Current state in asynchronous schedule */

    uint32_t pstate;         /* Current state in periodic schedule     */

    USBPort ports[NB_PORTS];

    USBPort *companion_ports[NB_PORTS];

    uint32_t usbsts_pending;

    EHCIQueueHead aqueues;

    EHCIQueueHead pqueues;

    /* which address to look at next */

    uint32_t a_fetch_addr;

    uint32_t p_fetch_addr;

    USBPacket ipacket;

    QEMUSGList isgl;

    uint64_t last_run_ns;

    uint32_t async_stepdown;

};

#define SET_LAST_RUN_CLOCK(s) \

    (s)->last_run_ns = qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock);

/* nifty macros from Arnon's EHCI version  */

#define get_field(data, field) \

    (((data) & field##_MASK) >> field##_SH)

#define set_field(data, newval, field) do { \

    uint32_t val = *data; \

    val &= ~ field##_MASK; \

    val |= ((newval) << field##_SH) & field##_MASK; \

    *data = val; \

    } while(0)

static const char *ehci_state_names[] = {

    [EST_INACTIVE]     = "INACTIVE",

    [EST_ACTIVE]       = "ACTIVE",

    [EST_EXECUTING]    = "EXECUTING",

    [EST_SLEEPING]     = "SLEEPING",

    [EST_WAITLISTHEAD] = "WAITLISTHEAD",

    [EST_FETCHENTRY]   = "FETCH ENTRY",

    [EST_FETCHQH]      = "FETCH QH",

    [EST_FETCHITD]     = "FETCH ITD",

    [EST_ADVANCEQUEUE] = "ADVANCEQUEUE",

    [EST_FETCHQTD]     = "FETCH QTD",

    [EST_EXECUTE]      = "EXECUTE",

    [EST_WRITEBACK]    = "WRITEBACK",

    [EST_HORIZONTALQH] = "HORIZONTALQH",

};

static const char *ehci_mmio_names[] = {

    [CAPLENGTH]         = "CAPLENGTH",

    [HCIVERSION]        = "HCIVERSION",

    [HCSPARAMS]         = "HCSPARAMS",

    [HCCPARAMS]         = "HCCPARAMS",

    [USBCMD]            = "USBCMD",

    [USBSTS]            = "USBSTS",

    [USBINTR]           = "USBINTR",

    [FRINDEX]           = "FRINDEX",

    [PERIODICLISTBASE]  = "P-LIST BASE",

    [ASYNCLISTADDR]     = "A-LIST ADDR",

    [PORTSC_BEGIN]      = "PORTSC #0",

    [PORTSC_BEGIN + 4]  = "PORTSC #1",

    [PORTSC_BEGIN + 8]  = "PORTSC #2",

    [PORTSC_BEGIN + 12] = "PORTSC #3",

    [PORTSC_BEGIN + 16] = "PORTSC #4",

    [PORTSC_BEGIN + 20] = "PORTSC #5",

    [CONFIGFLAG]        = "CONFIGFLAG",

};

static const char *nr2str(const char **n, size_t len, uint32_t nr)

{

    if (nr < len && n[nr] != NULL) {

        return n[nr];

    } else {

        return "unknown";

    }

}

static const char *state2str(uint32_t state)

{

    return nr2str(ehci_state_names, ARRAY_SIZE(ehci_state_names), state);

}

static const char *addr2str(target_phys_addr_t addr)

{

    return nr2str(ehci_mmio_names, ARRAY_SIZE(ehci_mmio_names), addr);

}

static void ehci_trace_usbsts(uint32_t mask, int state)

{

    /* interrupts */

    if (mask & USBSTS_INT) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("INT", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_ERRINT) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("ERRINT", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_PCD) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("PCD", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_FLR) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("FLR", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_HSE) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("HSE", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_IAA) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("IAA", state);

    }

    /* status */

    if (mask & USBSTS_HALT) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("HALT", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_REC) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("REC", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_PSS) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("PSS", state);

    }

    if (mask & USBSTS_ASS) {

        trace_usb_ehci_usbsts("ASS", state);

    }

}

static inline void ehci_set_usbsts(EHCIState *s, int mask)

{

    if ((s->usbsts & mask) == mask) {

        return;

    }

    ehci_trace_usbsts(mask, 1);

    s->usbsts |= mask;

}

static inline void ehci_clear_usbsts(EHCIState *s, int mask)

{

    if ((s->usbsts & mask) == 0) {

        return;

    }

    ehci_trace_usbsts(mask, 0);

    s->usbsts &= ~mask;

}

static inline void ehci_set_interrupt(EHCIState *s, int intr)

{

    int level = 0;

    // TODO honour interrupt threshold requests

    ehci_set_usbsts(s, intr);

    if ((s->usbsts & USBINTR_MASK) & s->usbintr) {

        level = 1;

    }

    trace_usb_ehci_interrupt(level, s->usbsts, s->usbintr);

    qemu_set_irq(s->irq, level);

}

static inline void ehci_record_interrupt(EHCIState *s, int intr)

{

    s->usbsts_pending |= intr;

}

static inline void ehci_commit_interrupt(EHCIState *s)

{

    if (!s->usbsts_pending) {

        return;

    }

    ehci_set_interrupt(s, s->usbsts_pending);

    s->usbsts_pending = 0;

}

static void ehci_update_halt(EHCIState *s)

{

    if (s->usbcmd & USBCMD_RUNSTOP) {

        ehci_clear_usbsts(s, USBSTS_HALT);

    } else {

        if (s->astate == EST_INACTIVE && s->pstate == EST_INACTIVE) {

            ehci_set_usbsts(s, USBSTS_HALT);

        }

    }

}

static void ehci_set_state(EHCIState *s, int async, int state)

{

    if (async) {

        trace_usb_ehci_state("async", state2str(state));

        s->astate = state;

        if (s->astate == EST_INACTIVE) {

            ehci_clear_usbsts(s, USBSTS_ASS);

            ehci_update_halt(s);

        } else {

            ehci_set_usbsts(s, USBSTS_ASS);

        }

    } else {

        trace_usb_ehci_state("periodic", state2str(state));

        s->pstate = state;

        if (s->pstate == EST_INACTIVE) {

            ehci_clear_usbsts(s, USBSTS_PSS);

            ehci_update_halt(s);

        } else {

            ehci_set_usbsts(s, USBSTS_PSS);

        }

    }

}

static int ehci_get_state(EHCIState *s, int async)

{

    return async ? s->astate : s->pstate;

}

static void ehci_set_fetch_addr(EHCIState *s, int async, uint32_t addr)

{

    if (async) {

        s->a_fetch_addr = addr;

    } else {

        s->p_fetch_addr = addr;

    }

}

static int ehci_get_fetch_addr(EHCIState *s, int async)

{

    return async ? s->a_fetch_addr : s->p_fetch_addr;

}

static void ehci_trace_qh(EHCIQueue *q, target_phys_addr_t addr, EHCIqh *qh)

{

    /* need three here due to argument count limits */

    trace_usb_ehci_qh_ptrs(q, addr, qh->next,

                           qh->current_qtd, qh->next_qtd, qh->altnext_qtd);

    trace_usb_ehci_qh_fields(addr,

                             get_field(qh->epchar, QH_EPCHAR_RL),

                             get_field(qh->epchar, QH_EPCHAR_MPLEN),

                             get_field(qh->epchar, QH_EPCHAR_EPS),

                             get_field(qh->epchar, QH_EPCHAR_EP),

                             get_field(qh->epchar, QH_EPCHAR_DEVADDR));

    trace_usb_ehci_qh_bits(addr,

                           (bool)(qh->epchar & QH_EPCHAR_C),

                           (bool)(qh->epchar & QH_EPCHAR_H),

                           (bool)(qh->epchar & QH_EPCHAR_DTC),

                           (bool)(qh->epchar & QH_EPCHAR_I));

}

static void ehci_trace_qtd(EHCIQueue *q, target_phys_addr_t addr, EHCIqtd *qtd)

{

    /* need three here due to argument count limits */

    trace_usb_ehci_qtd_ptrs(q, addr, qtd->next, qtd->altnext);

    trace_usb_ehci_qtd_fields(addr,

                              get_field(qtd->token, QTD_TOKEN_TBYTES),

                              get_field(qtd->token, QTD_TOKEN_CPAGE),

                              get_field(qtd->token, QTD_TOKEN_CERR),

                              get_field(qtd->token, QTD_TOKEN_PID));

    trace_usb_ehci_qtd_bits(addr,

                            (bool)(qtd->token & QTD_TOKEN_IOC),

                            (bool)(qtd->token & QTD_TOKEN_ACTIVE),

                            (bool)(qtd->token & QTD_TOKEN_HALT),

                            (bool)(qtd->token & QTD_TOKEN_BABBLE),

                            (bool)(qtd->token & QTD_TOKEN_XACTERR));

}

static void ehci_trace_itd(EHCIState *s, target_phys_addr_t addr, EHCIitd *itd)

{

    trace_usb_ehci_itd(addr, itd->next,

                       get_field(itd->bufptr[1], ITD_BUFPTR_MAXPKT),

                       get_field(itd->bufptr[2], ITD_BUFPTR_MULT),

                       get_field(itd->bufptr[0], ITD_BUFPTR_EP),

                       get_field(itd->bufptr[0], ITD_BUFPTR_DEVADDR));

}

static void ehci_trace_sitd(EHCIState *s, target_phys_addr_t addr,

                            EHCIsitd *sitd)

{

    trace_usb_ehci_sitd(addr, sitd->next,

                        (bool)(sitd->results & SITD_RESULTS_ACTIVE));

}

static inline bool ehci_enabled(EHCIState *s)

{

    return s->usbcmd & USBCMD_RUNSTOP;

}

static inline bool ehci_async_enabled(EHCIState *s)

{

    return ehci_enabled(s) && (s->usbcmd & USBCMD_ASE);

}

static inline bool ehci_periodic_enabled(EHCIState *s)

{

    return ehci_enabled(s) && (s->usbcmd & USBCMD_PSE);

}

/* packet management */

static EHCIPacket *ehci_alloc_packet(EHCIQueue *q)

{

    EHCIPacket *p;

    p = g_new0(EHCIPacket, 1);

    p->queue = q;

    usb_packet_init(&p->packet);

    QTAILQ_INSERT_TAIL(&q->packets, p, next);

    trace_usb_ehci_packet_action(p->queue, p, "alloc");

    return p;

}

static void ehci_free_packet(EHCIPacket *p)

{

    trace_usb_ehci_packet_action(p->queue, p, "free");

    if (p->async == EHCI_ASYNC_INFLIGHT) {

        usb_cancel_packet(&p->packet);

    }

    QTAILQ_REMOVE(&p->queue->packets, p, next);

    usb_packet_cleanup(&p->packet);

    g_free(p);

}

/* queue management */

static EHCIQueue *ehci_alloc_queue(EHCIState *ehci, uint32_t addr, int async)

{

    EHCIQueueHead *head = async ? &ehci->aqueues : &ehci->pqueues;

    EHCIQueue *q;

    q = g_malloc0(sizeof(*q));

    q->ehci = ehci;

    q->qhaddr = addr;

    q->async = async;

    QTAILQ_INIT(&q->packets);

    QTAILQ_INSERT_HEAD(head, q, next);

    trace_usb_ehci_queue_action(q, "alloc");

    return q;

}

static void ehci_free_queue(EHCIQueue *q)

{

    EHCIQueueHead *head = q->async ? &q->ehci->aqueues : &q->ehci->pqueues;

    EHCIPacket *p;

    trace_usb_ehci_queue_action(q, "free");

    while ((p = QTAILQ_FIRST(&q->packets)) != NULL) {

        ehci_free_packet(p);

    }

    QTAILQ_REMOVE(head, q, next);

    g_free(q);

}

static EHCIQueue *ehci_find_queue_by_qh(EHCIState *ehci, uint32_t addr,

                                        int async)

{

    EHCIQueueHead *head = async ? &ehci->aqueues : &ehci->pqueues;

    EHCIQueue *q;

    QTAILQ_FOREACH(q, head, next) {

        if (addr == q->qhaddr) {

            return q;

        }

    }

    return NULL;

}

static void ehci_queues_rip_unused(EHCIState *ehci, int async, int flush)

{

    EHCIQueueHead *head = async ? &ehci->aqueues : &ehci->pqueues;

    uint64_t maxage = FRAME_TIMER_NS * ehci->maxframes * 4;

    EHCIQueue *q, *tmp;

    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(q, head, next, tmp) {

        if (q->seen) {

            q->seen = 0;

            q->ts = ehci->last_run_ns;

            continue;

        }

        if (!flush && ehci->last_run_ns < q->ts + maxage) {

            continue;

        }

        ehci_free_queue(q);

    }

}

static void ehci_queues_rip_device(EHCIState *ehci, USBDevice *dev, int async)

{

    EHCIQueueHead *head = async ? &ehci->aqueues : &ehci->pqueues;

    EHCIQueue *q, *tmp;

    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(q, head, next, tmp) {

        if (q->dev != dev) {

            continue;

        }

        ehci_free_queue(q);

    }

}

static void ehci_queues_rip_all(EHCIState *ehci, int async)

{

    EHCIQueueHead *head = async ? &ehci->aqueues : &ehci->pqueues;

    EHCIQueue *q, *tmp;

    QTAILQ_FOREACH_SAFE(q, head, next, tmp) {

        ehci_free_queue(q);

    }

}

/* Attach or detach a device on root hub */

static void ehci_attach(USBPort *port)

{

    EHCIState *s = port->opaque;

    uint32_t *portsc = &s->portsc[port->index];

    const char *owner = (*portsc & PORTSC_POWNER) ? "comp" : "ehci";

    trace_usb_ehci_port_attach(port->index, owner, port->dev->product_desc);

    if (*portsc & PORTSC_POWNER) {

        USBPort *companion = s->companion_ports[port->index];

        companion->dev = port->dev;

        companion->ops->attach(companion);

        return;

    }

    *portsc |= PORTSC_CONNECT;

    *portsc |= PORTSC_CSC;

    ehci_set_interrupt(s, USBSTS_PCD);

}

static void ehci_detach(USBPort *port)

{

    EHCIState *s = port->opaque;

    uint32_t *portsc = &s->portsc[port->index];

    const char *owner = (*portsc & PORTSC_POWNER) ? "comp" : "ehci";

    trace_usb_ehci_port_detach(port->index, owner);

    if (*portsc & PORTSC_POWNER) {

        USBPort *companion = s->companion_ports[port->index];

        companion->ops->detach(companion);

        companion->dev = NULL;

        /*

         * EHCI spec 4.2.2: "When a disconnect occurs... On the event,

         * the port ownership is returned immediately to the EHCI controller."

         */

        *portsc &= ~PORTSC_POWNER;

        return;

    }

    ehci_queues_rip_device(s, port->dev, 0);

    ehci_queues_rip_device(s, port->dev, 1);

    *portsc &= ~(PORTSC_CONNECT|PORTSC_PED);

    *portsc |= PORTSC_CSC;

    ehci_set_interrupt(s, USBSTS_PCD);

}

static void ehci_child_detach(USBPort *port, USBDevice *child)

{

    EHCIState *s = port->opaque;

    uint32_t portsc = s->portsc[port->index];

    if (portsc & PORTSC_POWNER) {

        USBPort *companion = s->companion_ports[port->index];

        companion->ops->child_detach(companion, child);

        return;

    }

    ehci_queues_rip_device(s, child, 0);

    ehci_queues_rip_device(s, child, 1);

}

static void ehci_wakeup(USBPort *port)

{

    EHCIState *s = port->opaque;

    uint32_t portsc = s->portsc[port->index];

    if (portsc & PORTSC_POWNER) {

        USBPort *companion = s->companion_ports[port->index];

        if (companion->ops->wakeup) {

            companion->ops->wakeup(companion);

        } else {

            qemu_bh_schedule(s->async_bh);

        }

    }

}

static int ehci_register_companion(USBBus *bus, USBPort *ports[],

                                   uint32_t portcount, uint32_t firstport)

{

    EHCIState *s = container_of(bus, EHCIState, bus);

    uint32_t i;

    if (firstport + portcount > NB_PORTS) {

        qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "firstport",

                      "firstport on masterbus");

        error_printf_unless_qmp(

            "firstport value of %u makes companion take ports %u - %u, which "

            "is outside of the valid range of 0 - %u\n", firstport, firstport,

            firstport + portcount - 1, NB_PORTS - 1);

        return -1;

    }

    for (i = 0; i < portcount; i++) {

        if (s->companion_ports[firstport + i]) {

            qerror_report(QERR_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE, "masterbus",

                          "an USB masterbus");

            error_printf_unless_qmp(

                "port %u on masterbus %s already has a companion assigned\n",

                firstport + i, bus->qbus.name);

            return -1;

        }

    }

    for (i = 0; i < portcount; i++) {

        s->companion_ports[firstport + i] = ports[i];

        s->ports[firstport + i].speedmask |=

            USB_SPEED_MASK_LOW | USB_SPEED_MASK_FULL;

        /* Ensure devs attached before the initial reset go to the companion */

        s->portsc[firstport + i] = PORTSC_POWNER;

    }

    s->companion_count++;

    s->mmio[0x05] = (s->companion_count << 4) | portcount;

    return 0;

}

static USBDevice *ehci_find_device(EHCIState *ehci, uint8_t addr)

{

    USBDevice *dev;

    USBPort *port;

    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < NB_PORTS; i++) {

        port = &ehci->ports[i];

        if (!(ehci->portsc[i] & PORTSC_PED)) {

            DPRINTF("Port %d not enabled\n", i);

            continue;

        }

        dev = usb_find_device(port, addr);

        if (dev != NULL) {

            return dev;

        }

    }

    return NULL;

}

/* 4.1 host controller initialization */

static void ehci_reset(void *opaque)

{

    EHCIState *s = opaque;

    int i;

    USBDevice *devs[NB_PORTS];

    trace_usb_ehci_reset();

    /*

     * Do the detach before touching portsc, so that it correctly gets send to

     * us or to our companion based on PORTSC_POWNER before the reset.

     */

    for(i = 0; i < NB_PORTS; i++) {

        devs[i] = s->ports[i].dev;

        if (devs[i] && devs[i]->attached) {

            usb_detach(&s->ports[i]);

        }

    }

    memset(&s->mmio[OPREGBASE], 0x00, MMIO_SIZE - OPREGBASE);

    s->usbcmd = NB_MAXINTRATE << USBCMD_ITC_SH;

    s->usbsts = USBSTS_HALT;

    s->astate = EST_INACTIVE;

    s->pstate = EST_INACTIVE;

    for(i = 0; i < NB_PORTS; i++) {

        if (s->companion_ports[i]) {

            s->portsc[i] = PORTSC_POWNER | PORTSC_PPOWER;

        } else {

            s->portsc[i] = PORTSC_PPOWER;

        }

        if (devs[i] && devs[i]->attached) {

            usb_attach(&s->ports[i]);

            usb_device_reset(devs[i]);

        }

    }

    ehci_queues_rip_all(s, 0);

    ehci_queues_rip_all(s, 1);

    qemu_del_timer(s->frame_timer);

    qemu_bh_cancel(s->async_bh);

}

static uint32_t ehci_mem_readb(void *ptr, target_phys_addr_t addr)

{

    EHCIState *s = ptr;

    uint32_t val;

    val = s->mmio[addr];

    return val;

}

static uint32_t ehci_mem_readw(void *ptr, target_phys_addr_t addr)

{

    EHCIState *s = ptr;

    uint32_t val;

    val = s->mmio[addr] | (s->mmio[addr+1] << 8);

    return val;

}

static uint32_t ehci_mem_readl(void *ptr, target_phys_addr_t addr)

{

    EHCIState *s = ptr;

    uint32_t val;

    val = s->mmio[addr] | (s->mmio[addr+1] << 8) |

          (s->mmio[addr+2] << 16) | (s->mmio[addr+3] << 24);

    trace_usb_ehci_mmio_readl(addr, addr2str(addr), val);

    return val;

}

static void ehci_mem_writeb(void *ptr, target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val)

{

    fprintf(stderr, "EHCI doesn't handle byte writes to MMIO\n");

    exit(1);

}

static void ehci_mem_writew(void *ptr, target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val)

{

    fprintf(stderr, "EHCI doesn't handle 16-bit writes to MMIO\n");

    exit(1);

}

static void handle_port_owner_write(EHCIState *s, int port, uint32_t owner)

{

    USBDevice *dev = s->ports[port].dev;

    uint32_t *portsc = &s->portsc[port];

    uint32_t orig;

    if (s->companion_ports[port] == NULL)

        return;

    owner = owner & PORTSC_POWNER;

    orig  = *portsc & PORTSC_POWNER;

    if (!(owner ^ orig)) {

        return;

    }

    if (dev && dev->attached) {

        usb_detach(&s->ports[port]);

    }

    *portsc &= ~PORTSC_POWNER;

    *portsc |= owner;

    if (dev && dev->attached) {

        usb_attach(&s->ports[port]);

    }

}

static void handle_port_status_write(EHCIState *s, int port, uint32_t val)

{

    uint32_t *portsc = &s->portsc[port];

    USBDevice *dev = s->ports[port].dev;

    /* Clear rwc bits */

    *portsc &= ~(val & PORTSC_RWC_MASK);

    /* The guest may clear, but not set the PED bit */

    *portsc &= val | ~PORTSC_PED;

    /* POWNER is masked out by RO_MASK as it is RO when we've no companion */

    handle_port_owner_write(s, port, val);

    /* And finally apply RO_MASK */

    val &= PORTSC_RO_MASK;

    if ((val & PORTSC_PRESET) && !(*portsc & PORTSC_PRESET)) {

        trace_usb_ehci_port_reset(port, 1);

    }

    if (!(val & PORTSC_PRESET) &&(*portsc & PORTSC_PRESET)) {

        trace_usb_ehci_port_reset(port, 0);

        if (dev && dev->attached) {

            usb_port_reset(&s->ports[port]);

            *portsc &= ~PORTSC_CSC;

        }

        /*

         *  Table 2.16 Set the enable bit(and enable bit change) to indicate

         *  to SW that this port has a high speed device attached

         */

        if (dev && dev->attached && (dev->speedmask & USB_SPEED_MASK_HIGH)) {

            val |= PORTSC_PED;

        }

    }

    *portsc &= ~PORTSC_RO_MASK;

    *portsc |= val;

}

static void ehci_mem_writel(void *ptr, target_phys_addr_t addr, uint32_t val)

{

    EHCIState *s = ptr;

    uint32_t *mmio = (uint32_t *)(&s->mmio[addr]);

    uint32_t old = *mmio;

    int i;

    trace_usb_ehci_mmio_writel(addr, addr2str(addr), val);

    /* Only aligned reads are allowed on OHCI */

    if (addr & 3) {

        fprintf(stderr, "usb-ehci: Mis-aligned write to addr 0x"

                TARGET_FMT_plx "\n", addr);

        return;

    }

    if (addr >= PORTSC && addr < PORTSC + 4 * NB_PORTS) {

        handle_port_status_write(s, (addr-PORTSC)/4, val);

        trace_usb_ehci_mmio_change(addr, addr2str(addr), *mmio, old);

        return;

    }

    if (addr < OPREGBASE) {

        fprintf(stderr, "usb-ehci: write attempt to read-only register"

                TARGET_FMT_plx "\n", addr);

        return;

    }

    /* Do any register specific pre-write processing here.  */

    switch(addr) {

    case USBCMD:

        if (val & USBCMD_HCRESET) {

            ehci_reset(s);

            val = s->usbcmd;

            break;

        }

        if (((USBCMD_RUNSTOP | USBCMD_PSE | USBCMD_ASE) & val) !=

            ((USBCMD_RUNSTOP | USBCMD_PSE | USBCMD_ASE) & s->usbcmd)) {

            if (s->pstate == EST_INACTIVE) {

                SET_LAST_RUN_CLOCK(s);

            }

            ehci_update_halt(s);

            s->async_stepdown = 0;

            qemu_mod_timer(s->frame_timer, qemu_get_clock_ns(vm_clock));

        }

        /* not supporting dynamic frame list size at the moment */

        if ((val & USBCMD_FLS) && !(s->usbcmd & USBCMD_FLS)) {

            fprintf(stderr, "attempt to set frame list size -- value %d\n",

                    val & USBCMD_FLS);

            val &= ~USBCMD_FLS;

        }

        break;

    case USBSTS:

        val &= USBSTS_RO_MASK;              // bits 6 through 31 are RO

        ehci_clear_usbsts(s, val);          // bits 0 through 5 are R/WC

        val = s->usbsts;

        ehci_set_interrupt(s, 0);

        break;

    case USBINTR:

        val &= USBINTR_MASK;

        break;

    case FRINDEX:

        val &= 0x00003ff8; /* frindex is 14bits and always a multiple of 8 */

        break;

    case CONFIGFLAG:

        val &= 0x1;

        if (val) {

            for(i = 0; i < NB_PORTS; i++)

                handle_port_owner_write(s, i, 0);

        }

        break;

    case PERIODICLISTBASE:

        if (ehci_periodic_enabled(s)) {

            fprintf(stderr,

              "ehci: PERIODIC list base register set while periodic schedule\n"

              "      is enabled and HC is enabled\n");

        }

        break;

    case ASYNCLISTADDR:

        if (ehci_async_enabled(s)) {

            fprintf(stderr,

              "ehci: ASYNC list address register set while async schedule\n"

              "      is enabled and HC is enabled\n");

        }

        break;

    }

    *mmio = val;

    trace_usb_ehci_mmio_change(addr, addr2str(addr), *mmio, old);

}

// TODO : Put in common header file, duplication from usb-ohci.c

/* Get an array of dwords from main memory */

static inline int get_dwords(EHCIState *ehci, uint32_t addr,

                             uint32_t *buf, int num)

{

    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < num; i++, buf++, addr += sizeof(*buf)) {

        pci_dma_read(&ehci->dev, addr, buf, sizeof(*buf));

        *buf = le32_to_cpu(*buf);

    }

    return 1;

}

/* Put an array of dwords in to main memory */

static inline int put_dwords(EHCIState *ehci, uint32_t addr,

                             uint32_t *buf, int num)

{

    int i;

    for(i = 0; i < num; i++, buf++, addr += sizeof(*buf)) {

        uint32_t tmp = cpu_to_le32(*buf);

        pci_dma_write(&ehci->dev, addr, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));

    }

    return 1;

}

/*

 *  Write the qh back to guest physical memory.  This step isn't

 *  in the EHCI spec but we need to do it since we don't share

 *  physical memory with our guest VM.

 *

 *  The first three dwords are read-only for the EHCI, so skip them

 *  when writing back the qh.

 */

static void ehci_flush_qh(EHCIQueue *q)

{

    uint32_t *qh = (uint32_t *) &q->qh;

    uint32_t dwords = sizeof(EHCIqh) >> 2;

    uint32_t addr = NLPTR_GET(q->qhaddr);

    put_dwords(q->ehci, addr + 3 * sizeof(uint32_t), qh + 3, dwords - 3);

}

// 4.10.2

static int ehci_qh_do_overlay(EHCIQueue *q)

{

    EHCIPacket *p = QTAILQ_FIRST(&q->packets);

    int i;

    int dtoggle;

    int ping;

    int eps;

    int reload;

    assert(p != NULL);

    assert(p->qtdaddr == q->qtdaddr);

    // remember values in fields to preserve in qh after overlay

    dtoggle = q->qh.token & QTD_TOKEN_DTOGGLE;

    ping    = q->qh.token & QTD_TOKEN_PING;

    q->qh.current_qtd = p->qtdaddr;

    q->qh.next_qtd    = p->qtd.next;

    q->qh.altnext_qtd = p->qtd.altnext;

    q->qh.token       = p->qtd.token;

    eps = get_field(q->qh.epchar, QH_EPCHAR_EPS);

    if (eps == EHCI_QH_EPS_HIGH) {

        q->qh.token &= ~QTD_TOKEN_PING;

        q->qh.token |= ping;

    }

    reload = get_field(q->qh.epchar, QH_EPCHAR_RL);

    set_field(&q->qh.altnext_qtd, reload, QH_ALTNEXT_NAKCNT);

    for (i = 0; i < 5; i++) {

        q->qh.bufptr[i] = p->qtd.bufptr[i];

    }

    if (!(q->qh.epchar & QH_EPCHAR_DTC)) {

        // preserve QH DT bit

        q->qh.token &= ~QTD_TOKEN_DTOGGLE;

        q->qh.token |= dtoggle;

    }

    q->qh.bufptr[1] &= ~BUFPTR_CPROGMASK_MASK;

    q->qh.bufptr[2] &= ~BUFPTR_FRAMETAG_MASK;