1 QEMU emulator version 0.15.90, Copyright (c) 2003-2008 Fabrice Bellard
2 usage: qemu [options] [disk_image]
4 'disk_image' is a raw hard disk image for IDE hard disk 0
7 -h or -help display this help and exit
8 -version display version information and exit
9 -machine [type=]name[,prop[=value][,...]]
10 selects emulated machine (-machine ? for list)
11 property accel=accel1[:accel2[:...]] selects accelerator
12 supported accelerators are kvm, xen, tcg (default: tcg)
13 -cpu cpu select CPU (-cpu ? for list)
14 -smp n[,maxcpus=cpus][,cores=cores][,threads=threads][,sockets=sockets]
15 set the number of CPUs to 'n' [default=1]
16 maxcpus= maximum number of total cpus, including
17 offline CPUs for hotplug, etc
18 cores= number of CPU cores on one socket
19 threads= number of threads on one CPU core
20 sockets= number of discrete sockets in the system
21 -numa node[,mem=size][,cpus=cpu[-cpu]][,nodeid=node]
22 -fda/-fdb file use 'file' as floppy disk 0/1 image
23 -hda/-hdb file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 0/1 image
24 -hdc/-hdd file use 'file' as IDE hard disk 2/3 image
25 -cdrom file use 'file' as IDE cdrom image (cdrom is ide1 master)
26 -drive [file=file][,if=type][,bus=n][,unit=m][,media=d][,index=i]
27 [,cyls=c,heads=h,secs=s[,trans=t]][,snapshot=on|off]
28 [,cache=writethrough|writeback|none|directsync|unsafe][,format=f]
29 [,serial=s][,addr=A][,id=name][,aio=threads|native]
31 use 'file' as a drive image
32 -set group.id.arg=value
33 set <arg> parameter for item <id> of type <group>
34 i.e. -set drive.$id.file=/path/to/image
35 -global driver.property=value
36 set a global default for a driver property
37 -mtdblock file use 'file' as on-board Flash memory image
38 -sd file use 'file' as SecureDigital card image
39 -pflash file use 'file' as a parallel flash image
40 -boot [order=drives][,once=drives][,menu=on|off]
41 [,splash=sp_name][,splash-time=sp_time]
42 'drives': floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), network (n)
43 'sp_name': the file's name that would be passed to bios as logo picture, if menu=on
44 'sp_time': the period that splash picture last if menu=on, unit is ms
45 -snapshot write to temporary files instead of disk image files
46 -m megs set virtual RAM size to megs MB [default=128]
47 -mem-path FILE provide backing storage for guest RAM
48 -mem-prealloc preallocate guest memory (use with -mem-path)
49 -k language use keyboard layout (for example 'fr' for French)
50 -audio-help print list of audio drivers and their options
51 -soundhw c1,... enable audio support
52 and only specified sound cards (comma separated list)
53 use -soundhw ? to get the list of supported cards
54 use -soundhw all to enable all of them
55 -usb enable the USB driver (will be the default soon)
56 -usbdevice name add the host or guest USB device 'name'
57 -device driver[,prop[=value][,...]]
58 add device (based on driver)
59 prop=value,... sets driver properties
60 use -device ? to print all possible drivers
61 use -device driver,? to print all possible properties
64 -fsdev fsdriver,id=id,path=path,[security_model={mapped|passthrough|none}]
65 [,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
67 Virtual File system pass-through options:
68 -virtfs local,path=path,mount_tag=tag,security_model=[mapped|passthrough|none]
69 [,writeout=immediate][,readonly]
70 -virtfs_synth Create synthetic file system image
72 -name string1[,process=string2]
73 set the name of the guest
74 string1 sets the window title and string2 the process name (on Linux)
75 -uuid %08x-%04x-%04x-%04x-%012x
79 -display sdl[,frame=on|off][,alt_grab=on|off][,ctrl_grab=on|off]
80 [,window_close=on|off]|curses|none|
81 vnc=<display>[,<optargs>]
83 -nographic disable graphical output and redirect serial I/Os to console
84 -curses use a curses/ncurses interface instead of SDL
85 -no-frame open SDL window without a frame and window decorations
86 -alt-grab use Ctrl-Alt-Shift to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
87 -ctrl-grab use Right-Ctrl to grab mouse (instead of Ctrl-Alt)
88 -no-quit disable SDL window close capability
90 -spice <args> enable spice
91 -portrait rotate graphical output 90 deg left (only PXA LCD)
92 -rotate <deg> rotate graphical output some deg left (only PXA LCD)
93 -vga [std|cirrus|vmware|qxl|xenfb|none]
94 select video card type
95 -full-screen start in full screen
96 -g WxH[xDEPTH] Set the initial graphical resolution and depth
97 -vnc display start a VNC server on display
100 -win2k-hack use it when installing Windows 2000 to avoid a disk full bug
101 -no-fd-bootchk disable boot signature checking for floppy disks
102 -no-acpi disable ACPI
103 -no-hpet disable HPET
104 -balloon none disable balloon device
105 -balloon virtio[,addr=str]
106 enable virtio balloon device (default)
107 -acpitable [sig=str][,rev=n][,oem_id=str][,oem_table_id=str][,oem_rev=n][,asl_compiler_id=str][,asl_compiler_rev=n][,{data|file}=file1[:file2]...]
108 ACPI table description
110 load SMBIOS entry from binary file
111 -smbios type=0[,vendor=str][,version=str][,date=str][,release=%d.%d]
112 specify SMBIOS type 0 fields
113 -smbios type=1[,manufacturer=str][,product=str][,version=str][,serial=str]
114 [,uuid=uuid][,sku=str][,family=str]
115 specify SMBIOS type 1 fields
118 -net nic[,vlan=n][,macaddr=mac][,model=type][,name=str][,addr=str][,vectors=v]
119 create a new Network Interface Card and connect it to VLAN 'n'
120 -net user[,vlan=n][,name=str][,net=addr[/mask]][,host=addr][,restrict=on|off]
121 [,hostname=host][,dhcpstart=addr][,dns=addr][,tftp=dir][,bootfile=f]
122 [,hostfwd=rule][,guestfwd=rule][,smb=dir[,smbserver=addr]]
123 connect the user mode network stack to VLAN 'n', configure its
124 DHCP server and enabled optional services
125 -net tap[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,ifname=name][,script=file][,downscript=dfile][,sndbuf=nbytes][,vnet_hdr=on|off][,vhost=on|off][,vhostfd=h][,vhostforce=on|off]
126 connect the host TAP network interface to VLAN 'n' and use the
127 network scripts 'file' (default=/etc/qemu-ifup)
128 and 'dfile' (default=/etc/qemu-ifdown)
129 use '[down]script=no' to disable script execution
130 use 'fd=h' to connect to an already opened TAP interface
131 use 'sndbuf=nbytes' to limit the size of the send buffer (the
132 default is disabled 'sndbuf=0' to enable flow control set 'sndbuf=1048576')
133 use vnet_hdr=off to avoid enabling the IFF_VNET_HDR tap flag
134 use vnet_hdr=on to make the lack of IFF_VNET_HDR support an error condition
135 use vhost=on to enable experimental in kernel accelerator
136 (only has effect for virtio guests which use MSIX)
137 use vhostforce=on to force vhost on for non-MSIX virtio guests
138 use 'vhostfd=h' to connect to an already opened vhost net device
139 -net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,listen=[host]:port][,connect=host:port]
140 connect the vlan 'n' to another VLAN using a socket connection
141 -net socket[,vlan=n][,name=str][,fd=h][,mcast=maddr:port[,localaddr=addr]]
142 connect the vlan 'n' to multicast maddr and port
143 use 'localaddr=addr' to specify the host address to send packets from
144 -net vde[,vlan=n][,name=str][,sock=socketpath][,port=n][,group=groupname][,mode=octalmode]
145 connect the vlan 'n' to port 'n' of a vde switch running
146 on host and listening for incoming connections on 'socketpath'.
147 Use group 'groupname' and mode 'octalmode' to change default
148 ownership and permissions for communication port.
149 -net dump[,vlan=n][,file=f][,len=n]
150 dump traffic on vlan 'n' to file 'f' (max n bytes per packet)
151 -net none use it alone to have zero network devices. If no -net option
152 is provided, the default is '-net nic -net user'
153 -netdev [user|tap|vde|socket],id=str[,option][,option][,...]
155 Character device options:
156 -chardev null,id=id[,mux=on|off]
157 -chardev socket,id=id[,host=host],port=host[,to=to][,ipv4][,ipv6][,nodelay]
158 [,server][,nowait][,telnet][,mux=on|off] (tcp)
159 -chardev socket,id=id,path=path[,server][,nowait][,telnet],[mux=on|off] (unix)
160 -chardev udp,id=id[,host=host],port=port[,localaddr=localaddr]
161 [,localport=localport][,ipv4][,ipv6][,mux=on|off]
162 -chardev msmouse,id=id[,mux=on|off]
163 -chardev vc,id=id[[,width=width][,height=height]][[,cols=cols][,rows=rows]]
165 -chardev file,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
166 -chardev pipe,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
167 -chardev pty,id=id[,mux=on|off]
168 -chardev stdio,id=id[,mux=on|off][,signal=on|off]
169 -chardev braille,id=id[,mux=on|off]
170 -chardev tty,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
171 -chardev parport,id=id,path=path[,mux=on|off]
172 -chardev spicevmc,id=id,name=name[,debug=debug]
174 Bluetooth(R) options:
175 -bt hci,null dumb bluetooth HCI - doesn't respond to commands
177 use host's HCI with the given name
179 emulate a standard HCI in virtual scatternet 'n'
181 add host computer to virtual scatternet 'n' using VHCI
182 -bt device:dev[,vlan=n]
183 emulate a bluetooth device 'dev' in scatternet 'n'
185 Linux/Multiboot boot specific:
186 -kernel bzImage use 'bzImage' as kernel image
187 -append cmdline use 'cmdline' as kernel command line
188 -initrd file use 'file' as initial ram disk
190 Debug/Expert options:
191 -serial dev redirect the serial port to char device 'dev'
192 -parallel dev redirect the parallel port to char device 'dev'
193 -monitor dev redirect the monitor to char device 'dev'
194 -qmp dev like -monitor but opens in 'control' mode
195 -mon chardev=[name][,mode=readline|control][,default]
196 -debugcon dev redirect the debug console to char device 'dev'
197 -pidfile file write PID to 'file'
198 -singlestep always run in singlestep mode
199 -S freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' to start execution)
200 -gdb dev wait for gdb connection on 'dev'
201 -s shorthand for -gdb tcp::1234
202 -d item1,... output log to /tmp/qemu.log (use -d ? for a list of log items)
203 -D logfile output log to logfile (instead of the default /tmp/qemu.log)
205 force hard disk 0 physical geometry and the optional BIOS
206 translation (t=none or lba) (usually qemu can guess them)
207 -L path set the directory for the BIOS, VGA BIOS and keymaps
208 -bios file set the filename for the BIOS
209 -enable-kvm enable KVM full virtualization support
210 -xen-domid id specify xen guest domain id
211 -xen-create create domain using xen hypercalls, bypassing xend
212 warning: should not be used when xend is in use
213 -xen-attach attach to existing xen domain
214 xend will use this when starting qemu
215 -no-reboot exit instead of rebooting
216 -no-shutdown stop before shutdown
218 start right away with a saved state (loadvm in monitor)
219 -daemonize daemonize QEMU after initializing
220 -option-rom rom load a file, rom, into the option ROM space
221 -clock force the use of the given methods for timer alarm.
222 To see what timers are available use -clock ?
223 -rtc [base=utc|localtime|date][,clock=host|vm][,driftfix=none|slew]
224 set the RTC base and clock, enable drift fix for clock ticks (x86 only)
226 enable virtual instruction counter with 2^N clock ticks per
228 -watchdog i6300esb|ib700
229 enable virtual hardware watchdog [default=none]
230 -watchdog-action reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none
231 action when watchdog fires [default=reset]
232 -echr chr set terminal escape character instead of ctrl-a
235 -show-cursor show cursor
236 -tb-size n set TB size
237 -incoming p prepare for incoming migration, listen on port p
238 -nodefaults don't create default devices
239 -chroot dir chroot to dir just before starting the VM
240 -runas user change to user id user just before starting the VM
241 -prom-env variable=value
242 set OpenBIOS nvram variables
243 -semihosting semihosting mode
244 -old-param old param mode
247 read/write config file
249 do not load default config files at startup
250 -trace [events=<file>][,file=<file>]
251 specify tracing options
253 During emulation, the following keys are useful:
254 ctrl-alt-f toggle full screen
255 ctrl-alt-n switch to virtual console 'n'
256 ctrl-alt toggle mouse and keyboard grab
258 When using -nographic, press 'ctrl-a h' to get some help.