1 gnt-instance(8) Ganeti | Version @GANETI_VERSION@
2 =================================================
7 gnt-instance - Ganeti instance administration
12 **gnt-instance** {command} [arguments...]
17 The **gnt-instance** command is used for instance administration in
23 Creation/removal/querying
24 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
30 | {-t|\--disk-template {diskless | file \| plain \| drbd \| rbd}}
31 | {\--disk=*N*: {size=*VAL* \| adopt=*LV*}[,vg=*VG*][,metavg=*VG*][,mode=*ro\|rw*]
32 | \| {-s|\--os-size} *SIZE*}
33 | [\--no-ip-check] [\--no-name-check] [\--no-start] [\--no-install]
34 | [\--net=*N* [:options...] \| \--no-nics]
35 | [{-B|\--backend-parameters} *BEPARAMS*]
36 | [{-H|\--hypervisor-parameters} *HYPERVISOR* [: option=*value*... ]]
37 | [{-O|\--os-parameters} *param*=*value*... ]
38 | [\--file-storage-dir *dir\_path*] [\--file-driver {loop \| blktap}]
39 | {{-n|\--node} *node[:secondary-node]* \| {-I|\--iallocator} *name*}
40 | {{-o|\--os-type} *os-type*}
45 Creates a new instance on the specified host. The *instance* argument
46 must be in DNS, but depending on the bridge/routing setup, need not be
47 in the same network as the nodes in the cluster.
49 The ``disk`` option specifies the parameters for the disks of the
50 instance. The numbering of disks starts at zero, and at least one disk
51 needs to be passed. For each disk, either the size or the adoption
52 source needs to be given, and optionally the access mode (read-only or
53 the default of read-write) and the LVM volume group can also be
54 specified (via the ``vg`` key). For DRBD devices, a different VG can
55 be specified for the metadata device using the ``metavg`` key. The
56 size is interpreted (when no unit is given) in mebibytes. You can also
57 use one of the suffixes *m*, *g* or *t* to specify the exact the units
58 used; these suffixes map to mebibytes, gibibytes and tebibytes.
60 When using the ``adopt`` key in the disk definition, Ganeti will
61 reuse those volumes (instead of creating new ones) as the
62 instance's disks. Ganeti will rename these volumes to the standard
63 format, and (without installing the OS) will use them as-is for the
64 instance. This allows migrating instances from non-managed mode
65 (e.g. plain KVM with LVM) to being managed via Ganeti. Please note that
66 this works only for the \`plain' disk template (see below for
69 Alternatively, a single-disk instance can be created via the ``-s``
70 option which takes a single argument, the size of the disk. This is
71 similar to the Ganeti 1.2 version (but will only create one disk).
73 The minimum disk specification is therefore ``--disk 0:size=20G`` (or
74 ``-s 20G`` when using the ``-s`` option), and a three-disk instance
75 can be specified as ``--disk 0:size=20G --disk 1:size=4G --disk
78 The ``--no-ip-check`` skips the checks that are done to see if the
79 instance's IP is not already alive (i.e. reachable from the master
82 The ``--no-name-check`` skips the check for the instance name via
83 the resolver (e.g. in DNS or /etc/hosts, depending on your setup).
84 Since the name check is used to compute the IP address, if you pass
85 this option you must also pass the ``--no-ip-check`` option.
87 If you don't wat the instance to automatically start after
88 creation, this is possible via the ``--no-start`` option. This will
89 leave the instance down until a subsequent **gnt-instance start**
92 The NICs of the instances can be specified via the ``--net``
93 option. By default, one NIC is created for the instance, with a
94 random MAC, and set up according the the cluster level nic
95 parameters. Each NIC can take these parameters (all optional):
98 either a value or 'generate' to generate a new unique MAC
101 specifies the IP address assigned to the instance from the Ganeti
102 side (this is not necessarily what the instance will use, but what
103 the node expects the instance to use)
106 specifies the connection mode for this nic: routed or bridged.
109 in bridged mode specifies the bridge to attach this NIC to, in
110 routed mode it's intended to differentiate between different
111 routing tables/instance groups (but the meaning is dependent on
112 the network script, see gnt-cluster(8) for more details)
115 Of these "mode" and "link" are nic parameters, and inherit their
116 default at cluster level. Alternatively, if no network is desired for
117 the instance, you can prevent the default of one NIC with the
118 ``--no-nics`` option.
120 The ``-o (--os-type)`` option specifies the operating system to be
121 installed. The available operating systems can be listed with
122 **gnt-os list**. Passing ``--no-install`` will however skip the OS
123 installation, allowing a manual import if so desired. Note that the
124 no-installation mode will automatically disable the start-up of the
125 instance (without an OS, it most likely won't be able to start-up
128 The ``-B (--backend-parameters)`` option specifies the backend
129 parameters for the instance. If no such parameters are specified, the
130 values are inherited from the cluster. Possible parameters are:
133 the maximum memory size of the instance; as usual, suffixes can be
134 used to denote the unit, otherwise the value is taken in mebibytes
137 the minimum memory size of the instance; as usual, suffixes can be
138 used to denote the unit, otherwise the value is taken in mebibytes
141 the number of VCPUs to assign to the instance (if this value makes
142 sense for the hypervisor)
145 whether the instance is considered in the N+1 cluster checks
146 (enough redundancy in the cluster to survive a node failure)
149 ``True`` or ``False``, whether the instance must be failed over
150 (shut down and rebooted) always or it may be migrated (briefly
153 Note that before 2.6 Ganeti had a ``memory`` parameter, which was the
154 only value of memory an instance could have. With the
155 ``maxmem``/``minmem`` change Ganeti guarantees that at least the minimum
156 memory is always available for an instance, but allows more memory to be
157 used (up to the maximum memory) should it be free.
159 The ``-H (--hypervisor-parameters)`` option specified the hypervisor
160 to use for the instance (must be one of the enabled hypervisors on the
161 cluster) and optionally custom parameters for this instance. If not
162 other options are used (i.e. the invocation is just -H *NAME*) the
163 instance will inherit the cluster options. The defaults below show the
164 cluster defaults at cluster creation time.
166 The possible hypervisor options are as follows:
169 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
171 A string value denoting the boot order. This has different meaning
172 for the Xen HVM hypervisor and for the KVM one.
174 For Xen HVM, The boot order is a string of letters listing the boot
175 devices, with valid device letters being:
189 The default is not to set an HVM boot order, which is interpreted
192 For KVM the boot order is either "floppy", "cdrom", "disk" or
193 "network". Please note that older versions of KVM couldn't
194 netboot from virtio interfaces. This has been fixed in more recent
195 versions and is confirmed to work at least with qemu-kvm 0.11.1.
198 Valid for the Xen HVM and PVM hypervisors.
200 Relevant to non-pvops guest kernels, in which the disk device names
201 are given by the host. Allows one to specify 'xvd', which helps run
202 Red Hat based installers, driven by anaconda.
205 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
207 The path to a floppy disk image to attach to the instance. This
208 is useful to install Windows operating systems on Virt/IO disks
209 because you can specify here the floppy for the drivers at
213 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
215 The path to a CDROM image to attach to the instance.
218 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
220 The path to a second CDROM image to attach to the instance.
221 **NOTE**: This image can't be used to boot the system. To do that
222 you have to use the 'cdrom\_image\_path' option.
225 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
227 This parameter determines the way the network cards are presented
228 to the instance. The possible options are:
230 - rtl8139 (default for Xen HVM) (HVM & KVM)
231 - ne2k\_isa (HVM & KVM)
232 - ne2k\_pci (HVM & KVM)
238 - paravirtual (default for KVM) (HVM & KVM)
241 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
243 This parameter determines the way the disks are presented to the
244 instance. The possible options are:
246 - ioemu [default] (HVM & KVM)
255 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
257 This parameter determines the way the cdroms disks are presented
258 to the instance. The default behavior is to get the same value of
259 the eariler parameter (disk_type). The possible options are:
270 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
272 Specifies the address that the VNC listener for this instance
273 should bind to. Valid values are IPv4 addresses. Use the address
274 0.0.0.0 to bind to all available interfaces (this is the default)
275 or specify the address of one of the interfaces on the node to
276 restrict listening to that interface.
279 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
281 A boolean option that controls whether the VNC connection is
285 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
287 If ``vnc_tls`` is enabled, this options specifies the path to the
288 x509 certificate to use.
291 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
294 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
296 Specifies the address or interface on which the SPICE server will
297 listen. Valid values are:
299 - IPv4 addresses, including 0.0.0.0 and 127.0.0.1
300 - IPv6 addresses, including :: and ::1
301 - names of network interfaces
303 If a network interface is specified, the SPICE server will be bound
304 to one of the addresses of that interface.
307 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
309 Specifies which version of the IP protocol should be used by the
312 It is mainly intended to be used for specifying what kind of IP
313 addresses should be used if a network interface with both IPv4 and
314 IPv6 addresses is specified via the ``spice_bind`` parameter. In
315 this case, if the ``spice_ip_version`` parameter is not used, the
316 default IP version of the cluster will be used.
318 spice\_password\_file
319 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
321 Specifies a file containing the password that must be used when
322 connecting via the SPICE protocol. If the option is not specified,
323 passwordless connections are allowed.
325 spice\_image\_compression
326 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
328 Configures the SPICE lossless image compression. Valid values are:
337 spice\_jpeg\_wan\_compression
338 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
340 Configures how SPICE should use the jpeg algorithm for lossy image
341 compression on slow links. Valid values are:
347 spice\_zlib\_glz\_wan\_compression
348 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
350 Configures how SPICE should use the zlib-glz algorithm for lossy image
351 compression on slow links. Valid values are:
357 spice\_streaming\_video
358 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
360 Configures how SPICE should detect video streams. Valid values are:
366 spice\_playback\_compression
367 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
369 Configures whether SPICE should compress audio streams or not.
372 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
374 Specifies that the SPICE server must use TLS to encrypt all the
375 traffic with the client.
378 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
380 Specifies a list of comma-separated ciphers that SPICE should use
381 for TLS connections. For the format, see man cipher(1).
384 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
386 Enables or disables passing mouse events via SPICE vdagent.
389 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
391 A boolean option that specifies if the hypervisor should enable
392 ACPI support for this instance. By default, ACPI is disabled.
395 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
397 A boolean option that specifies if the hypervisor should enabled
398 PAE support for this instance. The default is false, disabling PAE
402 Valid for the Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
404 A boolean option that specifies if the instance should be started
405 with its clock set to the localtime of the machine (when true) or
406 to the UTC (When false). The default is false, which is useful for
407 Linux/Unix machines; for Windows OSes, it is recommended to enable
411 Valid for the Xen PVM and KVM hypervisors.
413 This option specifies the path (on the node) to the kernel to boot
414 the instance with. Xen PVM instances always require this, while
415 for KVM if this option is empty, it will cause the machine to load
416 the kernel from its disks.
419 Valid for the Xen PVM and KVM hypervisors.
421 This options specifies extra arguments to the kernel that will be
422 loaded. device. This is always used for Xen PVM, while for KVM it
423 is only used if the ``kernel_path`` option is also specified.
425 The default setting for this value is simply ``"ro"``, which
426 mounts the root disk (initially) in read-only one. For example,
427 setting this to single will cause the instance to start in
431 Valid for the Xen PVM and KVM hypervisors.
433 This option specifies the path (on the node) to the initrd to boot
434 the instance with. Xen PVM instances can use this always, while
435 for KVM if this option is only used if the ``kernel_path`` option
436 is also specified. You can pass here either an absolute filename
437 (the path to the initrd) if you want to use an initrd, or use the
438 format no\_initrd\_path for no initrd.
441 Valid for the Xen PVM and KVM hypervisors.
443 This options specifies the name of the root device. This is always
444 needed for Xen PVM, while for KVM it is only used if the
445 ``kernel_path`` option is also specified.
447 Please note, that if this setting is an empty string and the
448 hypervisor is Xen it will not be written to the Xen configuration
452 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
454 This boolean option specifies whether to emulate a serial console
458 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
460 The disk cache mode. It can be either default to not pass any
461 cache option to KVM, or one of the KVM cache modes: none (for
462 direct I/O), writethrough (to use the host cache but report
463 completion to the guest only when the host has committed the
464 changes to disk) or writeback (to use the host cache and report
465 completion as soon as the data is in the host cache). Note that
466 there are special considerations for the cache mode depending on
467 version of KVM used and disk type (always raw file under Ganeti),
468 please refer to the KVM documentation for more details.
471 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
473 The security model for kvm. Currently one of *none*, *user* or
474 *pool*. Under *none*, the default, nothing is done and instances
475 are run as the Ganeti daemon user (normally root).
477 Under *user* kvm will drop privileges and become the user
478 specified by the security\_domain parameter.
480 Under *pool* a global cluster pool of users will be used, making
481 sure no two instances share the same user on the same node. (this
482 mode is not implemented yet)
485 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
487 Under security model *user* the username to run the instance
488 under. It must be a valid username existing on the host.
490 Cannot be set under security model *none* or *pool*.
493 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
495 If *enabled* the -enable-kvm flag is passed to kvm. If *disabled*
496 -disable-kvm is passed. If unset no flag is passed, and the
497 default running mode for your kvm binary will be used.
500 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
502 This option passes the -mem-path argument to kvm with the path (on
503 the node) to the mount point of the hugetlbfs file system, along
504 with the -mem-prealloc argument too.
507 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
509 This boolean option determines wether to run the KVM instance in a
512 If it is set to ``true``, an empty directory is created before
513 starting the instance and its path is passed via the -chroot flag
514 to kvm. The directory is removed when the instance is stopped.
516 It is set to ``false`` by default.
519 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
521 The maximum amount of time (in ms) a KVM instance is allowed to be
522 frozen during a live migration, in order to copy dirty memory
523 pages. Default value is 30ms, but you may need to increase this
524 value for busy instances.
526 This option is only effective with kvm versions >= 87 and qemu-kvm
530 Valid for the LXC hypervisor.
532 The processes belonging to the given instance are only scheduled
533 on the specified CPUs.
535 The parameter format is a comma-separated list of CPU IDs or CPU
536 ID ranges. The ranges are defined by a lower and higher boundary,
537 separated by a dash. The boundaries are inclusive.
540 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
542 This option specifies the usb mouse type to be used. It can be
543 "mouse" or "tablet". When using VNC it's recommended to set it to
547 Valid for the KVM hypervisor.
549 This option specifies the keyboard mapping to be used. It is only
550 needed when using the VNC console. For example: "fr" or "en-gb".
553 Valid for Xen PVM, Xen HVM and KVM hypervisors.
555 Normally if an instance reboots, the hypervisor will restart it. If
556 this option is set to ``exit``, the hypervisor will treat a reboot
557 as a shutdown instead.
559 It is set to ``reboot`` by default.
562 The ``-O (--os-parameters)`` option allows customisation of the OS
563 parameters. The actual parameter names and values depends on the OS
564 being used, but the syntax is the same key=value. For example, setting
565 a hypothetical ``dhcp`` parameter to yes can be achieved by::
567 gnt-instance add -O dhcp=yes ...
569 The ``-I (--iallocator)`` option specifies the instance allocator
570 plugin to use. If you pass in this option the allocator will select
571 nodes for this instance automatically, so you don't need to pass them
572 with the ``-n`` option. For more information please refer to the
573 instance allocator documentation.
575 The ``-t (--disk-template)`` options specifies the disk layout type
576 for the instance. The available choices are:
579 This creates an instance with no disks. Its useful for testing only
580 (or other special cases).
583 Disk devices will be regular files.
586 Disk devices will be logical volumes.
589 Disk devices will be drbd (version 8.x) on top of lvm volumes.
592 Disk devices will be rbd volumes residing inside a RADOS cluster.
595 The optional second value of the ``-n (--node)`` is used for the drbd
596 template type and specifies the remote node.
598 If you do not want gnt-instance to wait for the disk mirror to be
599 synced, use the ``--no-wait-for-sync`` option.
601 The ``--file-storage-dir`` specifies the relative path under the
602 cluster-wide file storage directory to store file-based disks. It is
603 useful for having different subdirectories for different
604 instances. The full path of the directory where the disk files are
605 stored will consist of cluster-wide file storage directory + optional
606 subdirectory + instance name. Example:
607 ``@RPL_FILE_STORAGE_DIR@``*/mysubdir/instance1.example.com*. This
608 option is only relevant for instances using the file storage backend.
610 The ``--file-driver`` specifies the driver to use for file-based
611 disks. Note that currently these drivers work with the xen hypervisor
612 only. This option is only relevant for instances using the file
613 storage backend. The available choices are:
616 Kernel loopback driver. This driver uses loopback devices to
617 access the filesystem within the file. However, running I/O
618 intensive applications in your instance using the loop driver
619 might result in slowdowns. Furthermore, if you use the loopback
620 driver consider increasing the maximum amount of loopback devices
621 (on most systems it's 8) using the max\_loop param.
624 The blktap driver (for Xen hypervisors). In order to be able to
625 use the blktap driver you should check if the 'blktapctrl' user
626 space disk agent is running (usually automatically started via
627 xend). This user-level disk I/O interface has the advantage of
628 better performance. Especially if you use a network file system
629 (e.g. NFS) to store your instances this is the recommended choice.
631 If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
632 during this operation are ignored.
634 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
639 # gnt-instance add -t file --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch \
640 -n node1.example.com --file-storage-dir=mysubdir instance1.example.com
641 # gnt-instance add -t plain --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=1024,minmem=512 \
642 -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
643 # gnt-instance add -t plain --disk 0:size=30g --disk 1:size=100g,vg=san \
644 -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch -n node1.example.com instance1.example.com
645 # gnt-instance add -t drbd --disk 0:size=30g -B maxmem=512 -o debian-etch \
646 -n node1.example.com:node2.example.com instance2.example.com
652 **batch-create** {instances\_file.json}
654 This command (similar to the Ganeti 1.2 **batcher** tool) submits
655 multiple instance creation jobs based on a definition file. The
656 instance configurations do not encompass all the possible options for
657 the **add** command, but only a subset.
659 The instance file should be a valid-formed JSON file, containing a
660 dictionary with instance name and instance parameters. The accepted
664 The size of the disks of the instance.
667 The disk template to use for the instance, the same as in the
671 A dictionary of backend parameters.
674 A dictionary with a single key (the hypervisor name), and as value
675 the hypervisor options. If not passed, the default hypervisor and
676 hypervisor options will be inherited.
679 Specifications for the one NIC that will be created for the
680 instance. 'bridge' is also accepted as a backwards compatibile
684 List of nics that will be created for the instance. Each entry
685 should be a dict, with mac, ip, mode and link as possible keys.
686 Please don't provide the "mac, ip, mode, link" parent keys if you
687 use this method for specifying nics.
689 primary\_node, secondary\_node
690 The primary and optionally the secondary node to use for the
691 instance (in case an iallocator script is not used).
694 Instead of specifying the nodes, an iallocator script can be used
695 to automatically compute them.
698 whether to start the instance
701 Skip the check for already-in-use instance; see the description in
702 the **add** command for details.
705 Skip the name check for instances; see the description in the
706 **add** command for details.
708 file\_storage\_dir, file\_driver
709 Configuration for the file disk type, see the **add** command for
713 A simple definition for one instance can be (with most of the
714 parameters taken from the cluster defaults)::
720 "disk_size": ["25G"],
726 "disk_size": ["25G"],
727 "iallocator": "dumb",
728 "hypervisor": "xen-hvm",
729 "hvparams": {"acpi": true},
730 "backend": {"maxmem": 512, "minmem": 256}
734 The command will display the job id for each submitted instance, as
737 # gnt-instance batch-create instances.json
744 **remove** [\--ignore-failures] [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*] [\--submit]
745 [\--force] {*instance*}
747 Remove an instance. This will remove all data from the instance and
748 there is *no way back*. If you are not sure if you use an instance
749 again, use **shutdown** first and leave it in the shutdown state for a
752 The ``--ignore-failures`` option will cause the removal to proceed
753 even in the presence of errors during the removal of the instance
754 (e.g. during the shutdown or the disk removal). If this option is not
755 given, the command will stop at the first error.
757 The ``--shutdown-timeout`` is used to specify how much time to wait
758 before forcing the shutdown (e.g. ``xm destroy`` in Xen, killing the
759 kvm process for KVM, etc.). By default two minutes are given to each
762 The ``--force`` option is used to skip the interactive confirmation.
764 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
769 # gnt-instance remove instance1.example.com
776 | [\--no-headers] [\--separator=*SEPARATOR*] [\--units=*UNITS*] [-v]
777 | [{-o|\--output} *[+]FIELD,...*] [\--filter] [instance...]
779 Shows the currently configured instances with memory usage, disk
780 usage, the node they are running on, and their run status.
782 The ``--no-headers`` option will skip the initial header line. The
783 ``--separator`` option takes an argument which denotes what will be
784 used between the output fields. Both these options are to help
787 The units used to display the numeric values in the output varies,
788 depending on the options given. By default, the values will be
789 formatted in the most appropriate unit. If the ``--separator`` option
790 is given, then the values are shown in mebibytes to allow parsing by
791 scripts. In both cases, the ``--units`` option can be used to enforce
794 The ``-v`` option activates verbose mode, which changes the display of
795 special field states (see **ganeti(7)**).
797 The ``-o (--output)`` option takes a comma-separated list of output
798 fields. The available fields and their meaning are:
800 @QUERY_FIELDS_INSTANCE@
802 If the value of the option starts with the character ``+``, the new
803 field(s) will be added to the default list. This allows one to quickly
804 see the default list plus a few other fields, instead of retyping the
805 entire list of fields.
807 There is a subtle grouping about the available output fields: all
808 fields except for ``oper_state``, ``oper_ram``, ``oper_vcpus`` and
809 ``status`` are configuration value and not run-time values. So if you
810 don't select any of the these fields, the query will be satisfied
811 instantly from the cluster configuration, without having to ask the
812 remote nodes for the data. This can be helpful for big clusters when
813 you only want some data and it makes sense to specify a reduced set of
816 If exactly one argument is given and it appears to be a query filter
817 (see **ganeti(7)**), the query result is filtered accordingly. For
818 ambiguous cases (e.g. a single field name as a filter) the ``--filter``
819 (``-F``) option forces the argument to be treated as a filter (e.g.
820 ``gnt-instance list -F admin_state``).
822 The default output field list is: ``name``, ``os``, ``pnode``,
823 ``admin_state``, ``oper_state``, ``oper_ram``.
829 **list-fields** [field...]
831 Lists available fields for instances.
837 **info** [-s \| \--static] [\--roman] {\--all \| *instance*}
839 Show detailed information about the given instance(s). This is
840 different from **list** as it shows detailed data about the instance's
841 disks (especially useful for the drbd disk template).
843 If the option ``-s`` is used, only information available in the
844 configuration file is returned, without querying nodes, making the
847 Use the ``--all`` to get info about all instances, rather than
848 explicitly passing the ones you're interested in.
850 The ``--roman`` option can be used to cause envy among people who like
851 ancient cultures, but are stuck with non-latin-friendly cluster
852 virtualization technologies.
858 | [{-H|\--hypervisor-parameters} *HYPERVISOR\_PARAMETERS*]
859 | [{-B|\--backend-parameters} *BACKEND\_PARAMETERS*]
860 | [{-m|\--runtime-memory} *SIZE*]
861 | [\--net add*[:options]* \| \--net remove \| \--net *N:options*]
862 | [\--disk add:size=*SIZE*[,vg=*VG*][,metavg=*VG*] \| \--disk remove \|
863 | \--disk *N*:mode=*MODE*]
864 | [{-t|\--disk-template} plain | {-t|\--disk-template} drbd -n *new_secondary*] [\--no-wait-for-sync]
865 | [\--os-type=*OS* [\--force-variant]]
866 | [{-O|\--os-parameters} *param*=*value*... ]
867 | [\--offline \| \--online]
869 | [\--ignore-ipolicy]
872 Modifies the memory size, number of vcpus, ip address, MAC address
873 and/or nic parameters for an instance. It can also add and remove
874 disks and NICs to/from the instance. Note that you need to give at
875 least one of the arguments, otherwise the command complains.
877 The ``-H (--hypervisor-parameters)``, ``-B (--backend-parameters)``
878 and ``-O (--os-parameters)`` options specifies hypervisor, backend and
879 OS parameter options in the form of name=value[,...]. For details
880 which options can be specified, see the **add** command.
882 The ``-t (--disk-template)`` option will change the disk template of
883 the instance. Currently only conversions between the plain and drbd
884 disk templates are supported, and the instance must be stopped before
885 attempting the conversion. When changing from the plain to the drbd
886 disk template, a new secondary node must be specified via the ``-n``
887 option. The option ``--no-wait-for-sync`` can be used when converting
888 to the ``drbd`` template in order to make the instance available for
889 startup before DRBD has finished resyncing.
891 The ``-m (--runtime-memory)`` option will change an instance's runtime
892 memory to the given size (in MB if a different suffix is not specified),
893 by ballooning it up or down to the new value.
895 The ``--disk add:size=``*SIZE* option adds a disk to the instance. The
896 optional ``vg=``*VG* option specifies an LVM volume group other than
897 the default volume group to create the disk on. For DRBD disks, the
898 ``metavg=``*VG* option specifies the volume group for the metadata
899 device. ``--disk`` *N*``:add,size=``**SIZE** can be used to add a
900 disk at a specific index. The ``--disk remove`` option will remove the
901 last disk of the instance. Use ``--disk ``*N*``:remove`` to remove a
902 disk by its index. The ``--disk`` *N*``:mode=``*MODE* option will change
903 the mode of the Nth disk of the instance between read-only (``ro``) and
906 The ``--net add:``*options* and ``--net`` *N*``:add,``*options* option
907 will add a new network interface to the instance. The available options
908 are the same as in the **add** command (``mac``, ``ip``, ``link``,
909 ``mode``). The ``--net remove`` will remove the last network interface
910 of the instance (``--net`` *N*``:remove`` for a specific index), while
911 the ``--net`` *N*``:``*options* option will change the parameters of the Nth
912 instance network interface.
914 The option ``-o (--os-type)`` will change the OS name for the instance
915 (without reinstallation). In case an OS variant is specified that is
916 not found, then by default the modification is refused, unless
917 ``--force-variant`` is passed. An invalid OS will also be refused,
918 unless the ``--force`` option is given.
920 The ``--online`` and ``--offline`` options are used to transition an
921 instance into and out of the ``offline`` state. An instance can be
922 turned offline only if it was previously down. The ``--online`` option
923 fails if the instance was not in the ``offline`` state, otherwise it
924 changes instance's state to ``down``. These modifications take effect
927 If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
928 during this operation are ignored.
930 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
933 Most of the changes take effect at the next restart. If the instance is
934 running, there is no effect on the instance.
939 | **reinstall** [{-o|\--os-type} *os-type*] [\--select-os] [-f *force*]
940 | [\--force-multiple]
941 | [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all]
942 | [{-O|\--os-parameters} *OS\_PARAMETERS*] [\--submit] {*instance*...}
944 Reinstalls the operating system on the given instance(s). The
945 instance(s) must be stopped when running this command. If the ``-o
946 (--os-type)`` is specified, the operating system is changed.
948 The ``--select-os`` option switches to an interactive OS reinstall.
949 The user is prompted to select the OS template from the list of
950 available OS templates. OS parameters can be overridden using ``-O
951 (--os-parameters)`` (more documentation for this option under the
954 Since this is a potentially dangerous command, the user will be
955 required to confirm this action, unless the ``-f`` flag is passed.
956 When multiple instances are selected (either by passing multiple
957 arguments or by using the ``--node``, ``--primary``, ``--secondary``
958 or ``--all`` options), the user must pass the ``--force-multiple``
959 options to skip the interactive confirmation.
961 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
967 | **rename** [\--no-ip-check] [\--no-name-check] [\--submit]
968 | {*instance*} {*new\_name*}
970 Renames the given instance. The instance must be stopped when running
971 this command. The requirements for the new name are the same as for
972 adding an instance: the new name must be resolvable and the IP it
973 resolves to must not be reachable (in order to prevent duplicate IPs
974 the next time the instance is started). The IP test can be skipped if
975 the ``--no-ip-check`` option is passed.
977 The ``--no-name-check`` skips the check for the new instance name via
978 the resolver (e.g. in DNS or /etc/hosts, depending on your setup) and
979 that the resolved name matches the provided name. Since the name check
980 is used to compute the IP address, if you pass this option you must also
981 pass the ``--no-ip-check`` option.
983 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
986 Starting/stopping/connecting to console
987 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
993 | [\--force] [\--ignore-offline]
994 | [\--force-multiple] [\--no-remember]
995 | [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all \|
996 | \--tags \| \--node-tags \| \--pri-node-tags \| \--sec-node-tags]
997 | [{-H|\--hypervisor-parameters} ``key=value...``]
998 | [{-B|\--backend-parameters} ``key=value...``]
999 | [\--submit] [\--paused]
1002 Starts one or more instances, depending on the following options. The
1003 four available modes are:
1006 will start the instances given as arguments (at least one argument
1007 required); this is the default selection
1010 will start the instances who have the given node as either primary
1014 will start all instances whose primary node is in the list of nodes
1015 passed as arguments (at least one node required)
1018 will start all instances whose secondary node is in the list of
1019 nodes passed as arguments (at least one node required)
1022 will start all instances in the cluster (no arguments accepted)
1025 will start all instances in the cluster with the tags given as
1029 will start all instances in the cluster on nodes with the tags
1033 will start all instances in the cluster on primary nodes with the
1034 tags given as arguments
1037 will start all instances in the cluster on secondary nodes with the
1038 tags given as arguments
1040 Note that although you can pass more than one selection option, the
1041 last one wins, so in order to guarantee the desired result, don't pass
1042 more than one such option.
1044 Use ``--force`` to start even if secondary disks are failing.
1045 ``--ignore-offline`` can be used to ignore offline primary nodes and
1046 mark the instance as started even if the primary is not available.
1048 The ``--force-multiple`` will skip the interactive confirmation in the
1049 case the more than one instance will be affected.
1051 The ``--no-remember`` option will perform the startup but not change
1052 the state of the instance in the configuration file (if it was stopped
1053 before, Ganeti will still thinks it needs to be stopped). This can be
1054 used for testing, or for a one shot-start where you don't want the
1055 watcher to restart the instance if it crashes.
1057 The ``-H (--hypervisor-parameters)`` and ``-B (--backend-parameters)``
1058 options specify temporary hypervisor and backend parameters that can
1059 be used to start an instance with modified parameters. They can be
1060 useful for quick testing without having to modify an instance back and
1063 # gnt-instance start -H kernel_args="single" instance1
1064 # gnt-instance start -B maxmem=2048 instance2
1067 The first form will start the instance instance1 in single-user mode,
1068 and the instance instance2 with 2GB of RAM (this time only, unless
1069 that is the actual instance memory size already). Note that the values
1070 override the instance parameters (and not extend them): an instance
1071 with "kernel\_args=ro" when started with -H kernel\_args=single will
1072 result in "single", not "ro single".
1074 The ``--paused`` option is only valid for Xen and kvm hypervisors. This
1075 pauses the instance at the start of bootup, awaiting ``gnt-instance
1076 console`` to unpause it, allowing the entire boot process to be
1077 monitored for debugging.
1079 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1084 # gnt-instance start instance1.example.com
1085 # gnt-instance start --node node1.example.com node2.example.com
1086 # gnt-instance start --all
1094 | [\--force-multiple] [\--ignore-offline] [\--no-remember]
1095 | [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all \|
1096 | \--tags \| \--node-tags \| \--pri-node-tags \| \--sec-node-tags]
1100 Stops one or more instances. If the instance cannot be cleanly stopped
1101 during a hardcoded interval (currently 2 minutes), it will forcibly
1102 stop the instance (equivalent to switching off the power on a physical
1105 The ``--timeout`` is used to specify how much time to wait before
1106 forcing the shutdown (e.g. ``xm destroy`` in Xen, killing the kvm
1107 process for KVM, etc.). By default two minutes are given to each
1110 The ``--instance``, ``--node``, ``--primary``, ``--secondary``,
1111 ``--all``, ``--tags``, ``--node-tags``, ``--pri-node-tags`` and
1112 ``--sec-node-tags`` options are similar as for the **startup** command
1113 and they influence the actual instances being shutdown.
1115 ``--ignore-offline`` can be used to ignore offline primary nodes and
1116 force the instance to be marked as stopped. This option should be used
1117 with care as it can lead to an inconsistent cluster state.
1119 The ``--no-remember`` option will perform the shutdown but not change
1120 the state of the instance in the configuration file (if it was running
1121 before, Ganeti will still thinks it needs to be running). This can be
1122 useful for a cluster-wide shutdown, where some instances are marked as
1123 up and some as down, and you don't want to change the running state:
1124 you just need to disable the watcher, shutdown all instances with
1125 ``--no-remember``, and when the watcher is activated again it will
1126 restore the correct runtime state for all instances.
1128 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1133 # gnt-instance shutdown instance1.example.com
1134 # gnt-instance shutdown --all
1141 | [{-t|\--type} *REBOOT-TYPE*]
1142 | [\--ignore-secondaries]
1143 | [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*]
1144 | [\--force-multiple]
1145 | [\--instance \| \--node \| \--primary \| \--secondary \| \--all \|
1146 | \--tags \| \--node-tags \| \--pri-node-tags \| \--sec-node-tags]
1150 Reboots one or more instances. The type of reboot depends on the value
1151 of ``-t (--type)``. A soft reboot does a hypervisor reboot, a hard reboot
1152 does a instance stop, recreates the hypervisor config for the instance
1153 and starts the instance. A full reboot does the equivalent of
1154 **gnt-instance shutdown && gnt-instance startup**. The default is
1157 For the hard reboot the option ``--ignore-secondaries`` ignores errors
1158 for the secondary node while re-assembling the instance disks.
1160 The ``--instance``, ``--node``, ``--primary``, ``--secondary``,
1161 ``--all``, ``--tags``, ``--node-tags``, ``--pri-node-tags`` and
1162 ``--sec-node-tags`` options are similar as for the **startup** command
1163 and they influence the actual instances being rebooted.
1165 The ``--shutdown-timeout`` is used to specify how much time to wait
1166 before forcing the shutdown (xm destroy in xen, killing the kvm
1167 process, for kvm). By default two minutes are given to each instance
1170 The ``--force-multiple`` will skip the interactive confirmation in the
1171 case the more than one instance will be affected.
1173 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1178 # gnt-instance reboot instance1.example.com
1179 # gnt-instance reboot --type=full instance1.example.com
1185 **console** [\--show-cmd] {*instance*}
1187 Connects to the console of the given instance. If the instance is not
1188 up, an error is returned. Use the ``--show-cmd`` option to display the
1189 command instead of executing it.
1191 For HVM instances, this will attempt to connect to the serial console
1192 of the instance. To connect to the virtualized "physical" console of a
1193 HVM instance, use a VNC client with the connection info from the
1196 For Xen/kvm instances, if the instance is paused, this attempts to
1197 unpause the instance after waiting a few seconds for the connection to
1198 the console to be made.
1202 # gnt-instance console instance1.example.com
1211 **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--early-release] [\--ignore-ipolicy] {-p}
1212 [\--disks *idx*] {*instance*}
1214 **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--early-release] [\--ignore-ipolicy] {-s}
1215 [\--disks *idx*] {*instance*}
1217 **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--early-release] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
1218 {\--iallocator *name* \| \--node *node* } {*instance*}
1220 **replace-disks** [\--submit] [\--early-release] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
1221 {\--auto} {*instance*}
1223 This command is a generalized form for replacing disks. It is
1224 currently only valid for the mirrored (DRBD) disk template.
1226 The first form (when passing the ``-p`` option) will replace the disks
1227 on the primary, while the second form (when passing the ``-s`` option
1228 will replace the disks on the secondary node. For these two cases (as
1229 the node doesn't change), it is possible to only run the replace for a
1230 subset of the disks, using the option ``--disks`` which takes a list
1231 of comma-delimited disk indices (zero-based), e.g. 0,2 to replace only
1232 the first and third disks.
1234 The third form (when passing either the ``--iallocator`` or the
1235 ``--new-secondary`` option) is designed to change secondary node of
1236 the instance. Specifying ``--iallocator`` makes the new secondary be
1237 selected automatically by the specified allocator plugin, otherwise
1238 the new secondary node will be the one chosen manually via the
1239 ``--new-secondary`` option.
1241 Note that it is not possible to select an offline or drained node as a
1244 The fourth form (when using ``--auto``) will automatically determine
1245 which disks of an instance are faulty and replace them within the same
1246 node. The ``--auto`` option works only when an instance has only
1247 faulty disks on either the primary or secondary node; it doesn't work
1248 when both sides have faulty disks.
1250 The ``--early-release`` changes the code so that the old storage on
1251 secondary node(s) is removed early (before the resync is completed)
1252 and the internal Ganeti locks for the current (and new, if any)
1253 secondary node are also released, thus allowing more parallelism in
1254 the cluster operation. This should be used only when recovering from a
1255 disk failure on the current secondary (thus the old storage is already
1256 broken) or when the storage on the primary node is known to be fine
1257 (thus we won't need the old storage for potential recovery).
1259 The ``--ignore-ipolicy`` let the command ignore instance policy
1260 violations if replace-disks changes groups and the instance would
1261 violate the new groups instance policy.
1263 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1269 **activate-disks** [\--submit] [\--ignore-size] {*instance*}
1271 Activates the block devices of the given instance. If successful, the
1272 command will show the location and name of the block devices::
1274 node1.example.com:disk/0:/dev/drbd0
1275 node1.example.com:disk/1:/dev/drbd1
1278 In this example, *node1.example.com* is the name of the node on which
1279 the devices have been activated. The *disk/0* and *disk/1* are the
1280 Ganeti-names of the instance disks; how they are visible inside the
1281 instance is hypervisor-specific. */dev/drbd0* and */dev/drbd1* are the
1282 actual block devices as visible on the node.
1284 The ``--ignore-size`` option can be used to activate disks ignoring
1285 the currently configured size in Ganeti. This can be used in cases
1286 where the configuration has gotten out of sync with the real-world
1287 (e.g. after a partially-failed grow-disk operation or due to rounding
1288 in LVM devices). This should not be used in normal cases, but only
1289 when activate-disks fails without it.
1291 Note that it is safe to run this command while the instance is already
1294 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1300 **deactivate-disks** [-f] [\--submit] {*instance*}
1302 De-activates the block devices of the given instance. Note that if you
1303 run this command for an instance with a drbd disk template, while it
1304 is running, it will not be able to shutdown the block devices on the
1305 primary node, but it will shutdown the block devices on the secondary
1306 nodes, thus breaking the replication.
1308 The ``-f``/``--force`` option will skip checks that the instance is
1309 down; in case the hypervisor is confused and we can't talk to it,
1310 normally Ganeti will refuse to deactivate the disks, but with this
1311 option passed it will skip this check and directly try to deactivate
1312 the disks. This can still fail due to the instance actually running or
1315 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1321 | **grow-disk** [\--no-wait-for-sync] [\--submit] [\--absolute]
1322 | {*instance*} {*disk*} {*amount*}
1324 Grows an instance's disk. This is only possible for instances having a
1325 plain, drbd or rbd disk template.
1327 Note that this command only change the block device size; it will not
1328 grow the actual filesystems, partitions, etc. that live on that
1329 disk. Usually, you will need to:
1331 #. use **gnt-instance grow-disk**
1333 #. reboot the instance (later, at a convenient time)
1335 #. use a filesystem resizer, such as ext2online(8) or
1336 xfs\_growfs(8) to resize the filesystem, or use fdisk(8) to change
1337 the partition table on the disk
1339 The *disk* argument is the index of the instance disk to grow. The
1340 *amount* argument is given as a number which can have a suffix (like the
1341 disk size in instance create); if the suffix is missing, the value will
1342 be interpreted as mebibytes.
1344 By default, the *amount* value represents the desired increase in the
1345 disk size (e.g. an amount of 1G will take a disk of size 3G to 4G). If
1346 the optional ``--absolute`` parameter is passed, then the *amount*
1347 argument doesn't represent the delta, but instead the desired final disk
1348 size (e.g. an amount of 8G will take a disk of size 4G to 8G).
1350 For instances with a drbd template, note that the disk grow operation
1351 might complete on one node but fail on the other; this will leave the
1352 instance with different-sized LVs on the two nodes, but this will not
1353 create problems (except for unused space).
1355 If you do not want gnt-instance to wait for the new disk region to be
1356 synced, use the ``--no-wait-for-sync`` option.
1358 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1361 Example (increase the first disk for instance1 by 16GiB)::
1363 # gnt-instance grow-disk instance1.example.com 0 16g
1365 Example for increasing the disk size to a certain size::
1367 # gnt-instance grow-disk --absolute instance1.example.com 0 32g
1369 Also note that disk shrinking is not supported; use **gnt-backup
1370 export** and then **gnt-backup import** to reduce the disk size of an
1376 | **recreate-disks** [\--submit] [-n node1:[node2]]
1377 | [\--disk=*N*[:[size=*VAL*][,mode=*ro\|rw*]]] {*instance*}
1379 Recreates all or a subset of disks of the given instance.
1381 Note that this functionality should only be used for missing disks; if
1382 any of the given disks already exists, the operation will fail. While
1383 this is suboptimal, recreate-disks should hopefully not be needed in
1384 normal operation and as such the impact of this is low.
1386 If only a subset should be recreated, any number of ``disk`` options can
1387 be specified. It expects a disk index and an optional list of disk
1388 parameters to change. Only ``size`` and ``mode`` can be changed while
1389 recreating disks. To recreate all disks while changing parameters on
1390 a subset only, a ``--disk`` option must be given for every disk of the
1393 Optionally the instance's disks can be recreated on different
1394 nodes. This can be useful if, for example, the original nodes of the
1395 instance have gone down (and are marked offline), so we can't recreate
1396 on the same nodes. To do this, pass the new node(s) via ``-n`` option,
1397 with a syntax similar to the **add** command. The number of nodes
1398 passed must equal the number of nodes that the instance currently
1399 has. Note that changing nodes is only allowed when all disks are
1400 replaced, e.g. when no ``--disk`` option is passed.
1402 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1411 | **failover** [-f] [\--ignore-consistency] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
1412 | [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*]
1413 | [{-n|\--target-node} *node* \| {-I|\--iallocator} *name*]
1417 Failover will stop the instance (if running), change its primary node,
1418 and if it was originally running it will start it again (on the new
1419 primary). This only works for instances with drbd template (in which
1420 case you can only fail to the secondary node) and for externally
1421 mirrored templates (blockdev and rbd) (which can change to any other
1424 If the instance's disk template is of type blockdev or rbd, then you
1425 can explicitly specify the target node (which can be any node) using
1426 the ``-n`` or ``--target-node`` option, or specify an iallocator plugin
1427 using the ``-I`` or ``--iallocator`` option. If you omit both, the default
1428 iallocator will be used to specify the target node.
1430 Normally the failover will check the consistency of the disks before
1431 failing over the instance. If you are trying to migrate instances off
1432 a dead node, this will fail. Use the ``--ignore-consistency`` option
1433 for this purpose. Note that this option can be dangerous as errors in
1434 shutting down the instance will be ignored, resulting in possibly
1435 having the instance running on two machines in parallel (on
1436 disconnected DRBD drives).
1438 The ``--shutdown-timeout`` is used to specify how much time to wait
1439 before forcing the shutdown (xm destroy in xen, killing the kvm
1440 process, for kvm). By default two minutes are given to each instance
1443 If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
1444 during this operation are ignored.
1446 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1451 # gnt-instance failover instance1.example.com
1457 | **migrate** [-f] [\--allow-failover] [\--non-live]
1458 | [\--migration-mode=live\|non-live] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
1459 | [\--no-runtime-changes] [\--submit]
1460 | [{-n|\--target-node} *node* \| {-I|\--iallocator} *name*] {*instance*}
1462 | **migrate** [-f] \--cleanup [\--submit] {*instance*}
1464 Migrate will move the instance to its secondary node without shutdown.
1465 As with failover, it only works for instances having the drbd disk
1466 template or an externally mirrored disk template type such as blockdev
1469 If the instance's disk template is of type blockdev or rbd, then you can
1470 explicitly specify the target node (which can be any node) using the
1471 ``-n`` or ``--target-node`` option, or specify an iallocator plugin
1472 using the ``-I`` or ``--iallocator`` option. If you omit both, the
1473 default iallocator will be used to specify the target node.
1475 The migration command needs a perfectly healthy instance, as we rely
1476 on the dual-master capability of drbd8 and the disks of the instance
1477 are not allowed to be degraded.
1479 The ``--non-live`` and ``--migration-mode=non-live`` options will
1480 switch (for the hypervisors that support it) between a "fully live"
1481 (i.e. the interruption is as minimal as possible) migration and one in
1482 which the instance is frozen, its state saved and transported to the
1483 remote node, and then resumed there. This all depends on the
1484 hypervisor support for two different methods. In any case, it is not
1485 an error to pass this parameter (it will just be ignored if the
1486 hypervisor doesn't support it). The option ``--migration-mode=live``
1487 option will request a fully-live migration. The default, when neither
1488 option is passed, depends on the hypervisor parameters (and can be
1489 viewed with the **gnt-cluster info** command).
1491 If the ``--cleanup`` option is passed, the operation changes from
1492 migration to attempting recovery from a failed previous migration. In
1493 this mode, Ganeti checks if the instance runs on the correct node (and
1494 updates its configuration if not) and ensures the instances's disks
1495 are configured correctly. In this mode, the ``--non-live`` option is
1498 The option ``-f`` will skip the prompting for confirmation.
1500 If ``--allow-failover`` is specified it tries to fallback to failover if
1501 it already can determine that a migration won't work (e.g. if the
1502 instance is shut down). Please note that the fallback will not happen
1503 during execution. If a migration fails during execution it still fails.
1505 If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
1506 during this operation are ignored.
1508 The ``--no-runtime-changes`` option forbids migrate to alter an
1509 instance's runtime before migrating it (eg. ballooning an instance
1510 down because the target node doesn't have enough available memory).
1512 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1515 Example (and expected output)::
1517 # gnt-instance migrate instance1
1518 Instance instance1 will be migrated. Note that migration
1519 might impact the instance if anything goes wrong (e.g. due to bugs in
1520 the hypervisor). Continue?
1522 Migrating instance instance1.example.com
1523 * checking disk consistency between source and target
1524 * switching node node2.example.com to secondary mode
1525 * changing into standalone mode
1526 * changing disks into dual-master mode
1527 * wait until resync is done
1528 * preparing node2.example.com to accept the instance
1529 * migrating instance to node2.example.com
1530 * switching node node1.example.com to secondary mode
1531 * wait until resync is done
1532 * changing into standalone mode
1533 * changing disks into single-master mode
1534 * wait until resync is done
1542 | **move** [-f] [\--ignore-consistency]
1543 | [-n *node*] [\--shutdown-timeout=*N*] [\--submit] [\--ignore-ipolicy]
1546 Move will move the instance to an arbitrary node in the cluster. This
1547 works only for instances having a plain or file disk template.
1549 Note that since this operation is done via data copy, it will take a
1550 long time for big disks (similar to replace-disks for a drbd
1553 The ``--shutdown-timeout`` is used to specify how much time to wait
1554 before forcing the shutdown (e.g. ``xm destroy`` in XEN, killing the
1555 kvm process for KVM, etc.). By default two minutes are given to each
1558 The ``--ignore-consistency`` option will make Ganeti ignore any errors
1559 in trying to shutdown the instance on its node; useful if the
1560 hypervisor is broken and you want to recuperate the data.
1562 If ``--ignore-ipolicy`` is given any instance policy violations occuring
1563 during this operation are ignored.
1565 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1570 # gnt-instance move -n node3.example.com instance1.example.com
1576 | **change-group** [\--submit]
1577 | [\--iallocator *NAME*] [\--to *GROUP*...] {*instance*}
1579 This command moves an instance to another node group. The move is
1580 calculated by an iallocator, either given on the command line or as a
1583 If no specific destination groups are specified using ``--to``, all
1584 groups except the one containing the instance are considered.
1586 See **ganeti(7)** for a description of ``--submit`` and other common
1591 # gnt-instance change-group -I hail --to rack2 inst1.example.com
1600 **add-tags** [\--from *file*] {*instancename*} {*tag*...}
1602 Add tags to the given instance. If any of the tags contains invalid
1603 characters, the entire operation will abort.
1605 If the ``--from`` option is given, the list of tags will be extended
1606 with the contents of that file (each line becomes a tag). In this
1607 case, there is not need to pass tags on the command line (if you do,
1608 both sources will be used). A file name of ``-`` will be interpreted
1614 **list-tags** {*instancename*}
1616 List the tags of the given instance.
1621 **remove-tags** [\--from *file*] {*instancename*} {*tag*...}
1623 Remove tags from the given instance. If any of the tags are not
1624 existing on the node, the entire operation will abort.
1626 If the ``--from`` option is given, the list of tags to be removed will
1627 be extended with the contents of that file (each line becomes a tag).
1628 In this case, there is not need to pass tags on the command line (if
1629 you do, tags from both sources will be removed). A file name of ``-``
1630 will be interpreted as stdin.
1632 .. vim: set textwidth=72 :