4 # Copyright (C) 2006, 2007 Google Inc.
6 # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 # the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 # (at your option) any later version.
11 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
12 # WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14 # General Public License for more details.
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18 # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
22 """Module dealing with command line parsing"""
31 from cStringIO import StringIO
33 from ganeti import utils
34 from ganeti import errors
35 from ganeti import constants
36 from ganeti import opcodes
37 from ganeti import luxi
38 from ganeti import ssconf
39 from ganeti import rpc
41 from optparse import (OptionParser, make_option, TitledHelpFormatter,
42 Option, OptionValueError)
44 __all__ = ["DEBUG_OPT", "NOHDR_OPT", "SEP_OPT", "GenericMain",
45 "SubmitOpCode", "GetClient",
46 "cli_option", "ikv_option", "keyval_option",
47 "GenerateTable", "AskUser",
48 "ARGS_NONE", "ARGS_FIXED", "ARGS_ATLEAST", "ARGS_ANY", "ARGS_ONE",
49 "USEUNITS_OPT", "FIELDS_OPT", "FORCE_OPT", "SUBMIT_OPT",
50 "ListTags", "AddTags", "RemoveTags", "TAG_SRC_OPT",
51 "FormatError", "SplitNodeOption", "SubmitOrSend",
52 "JobSubmittedException", "FormatTimestamp", "ParseTimespec",
54 "ToStderr", "ToStdout",
59 def _ExtractTagsObject(opts, args):
60 """Extract the tag type object.
62 Note that this function will modify its args parameter.
65 if not hasattr(opts, "tag_type"):
66 raise errors.ProgrammerError("tag_type not passed to _ExtractTagsObject")
68 if kind == constants.TAG_CLUSTER:
70 elif kind == constants.TAG_NODE or kind == constants.TAG_INSTANCE:
72 raise errors.OpPrereqError("no arguments passed to the command")
76 raise errors.ProgrammerError("Unhandled tag type '%s'" % kind)
80 def _ExtendTags(opts, args):
81 """Extend the args if a source file has been given.
83 This function will extend the tags with the contents of the file
84 passed in the 'tags_source' attribute of the opts parameter. A file
85 named '-' will be replaced by stdin.
88 fname = opts.tags_source
94 new_fh = open(fname, "r")
97 # we don't use the nice 'new_data = [line.strip() for line in fh]'
98 # because of python bug 1633941
100 line = new_fh.readline()
103 new_data.append(line.strip())
106 args.extend(new_data)
109 def ListTags(opts, args):
110 """List the tags on a given object.
112 This is a generic implementation that knows how to deal with all
113 three cases of tag objects (cluster, node, instance). The opts
114 argument is expected to contain a tag_type field denoting what
115 object type we work on.
118 kind, name = _ExtractTagsObject(opts, args)
119 op = opcodes.OpGetTags(kind=kind, name=name)
120 result = SubmitOpCode(op)
121 result = list(result)
127 def AddTags(opts, args):
128 """Add tags on a given object.
130 This is a generic implementation that knows how to deal with all
131 three cases of tag objects (cluster, node, instance). The opts
132 argument is expected to contain a tag_type field denoting what
133 object type we work on.
136 kind, name = _ExtractTagsObject(opts, args)
137 _ExtendTags(opts, args)
139 raise errors.OpPrereqError("No tags to be added")
140 op = opcodes.OpAddTags(kind=kind, name=name, tags=args)
144 def RemoveTags(opts, args):
145 """Remove tags from a given object.
147 This is a generic implementation that knows how to deal with all
148 three cases of tag objects (cluster, node, instance). The opts
149 argument is expected to contain a tag_type field denoting what
150 object type we work on.
153 kind, name = _ExtractTagsObject(opts, args)
154 _ExtendTags(opts, args)
156 raise errors.OpPrereqError("No tags to be removed")
157 op = opcodes.OpDelTags(kind=kind, name=name, tags=args)
161 DEBUG_OPT = make_option("-d", "--debug", default=False,
163 help="Turn debugging on")
165 NOHDR_OPT = make_option("--no-headers", default=False,
166 action="store_true", dest="no_headers",
167 help="Don't display column headers")
169 SEP_OPT = make_option("--separator", default=None,
170 action="store", dest="separator",
171 help="Separator between output fields"
172 " (defaults to one space)")
174 USEUNITS_OPT = make_option("--units", default=None,
175 dest="units", choices=('h', 'm', 'g', 't'),
176 help="Specify units for output (one of hmgt)")
178 FIELDS_OPT = make_option("-o", "--output", dest="output", action="store",
179 type="string", help="Comma separated list of"
183 FORCE_OPT = make_option("-f", "--force", dest="force", action="store_true",
184 default=False, help="Force the operation")
186 TAG_SRC_OPT = make_option("--from", dest="tags_source",
187 default=None, help="File with tag names")
189 SUBMIT_OPT = make_option("--submit", dest="submit_only",
190 default=False, action="store_true",
191 help="Submit the job and return the job ID, but"
192 " don't wait for the job to finish")
196 """Macro-like function denoting a fixed number of arguments"""
200 def ARGS_ATLEAST(val):
201 """Macro-like function denoting a minimum number of arguments"""
206 ARGS_ONE = ARGS_FIXED(1)
207 ARGS_ANY = ARGS_ATLEAST(0)
210 def check_unit(option, opt, value):
211 """OptParsers custom converter for units.
215 return utils.ParseUnit(value)
216 except errors.UnitParseError, err:
217 raise OptionValueError("option %s: %s" % (opt, err))
220 class CliOption(Option):
221 """Custom option class for optparse.
224 TYPES = Option.TYPES + ("unit",)
225 TYPE_CHECKER = copy.copy(Option.TYPE_CHECKER)
226 TYPE_CHECKER["unit"] = check_unit
229 def _SplitKeyVal(opt, data):
230 """Convert a KeyVal string into a dict.
232 This function will convert a key=val[,...] string into a dict. Empty
233 values will be converted specially: keys which have the prefix 'no_'
234 will have the value=False and the prefix stripped, the others will
238 @param opt: a string holding the option name for which we process the
239 data, used in building error messages
241 @param data: a string of the format key=val,key=val,...
243 @return: {key=val, key=val}
244 @raises errors.ParameterError: if there are duplicate keys
250 for elem in data.split(","):
252 key, val = elem.split("=", 1)
254 if elem.startswith(NO_PREFIX):
255 key, val = elem[len(NO_PREFIX):], False
256 elif elem.startswith(UN_PREFIX):
257 key, val = elem[len(UN_PREFIX):], None
259 key, val = elem, True
261 raise errors.ParameterError("Duplicate key '%s' in option %s" %
267 def check_ident_key_val(option, opt, value):
268 """Custom parser for the IdentKeyVal option type.
274 ident, rest = value.split(":", 1)
275 kv_dict = _SplitKeyVal(opt, rest)
276 retval = (ident, kv_dict)
280 class IdentKeyValOption(Option):
281 """Custom option class for ident:key=val,key=val options.
283 This will store the parsed values as a tuple (ident, {key: val}). As
284 such, multiple uses of this option via action=append is possible.
287 TYPES = Option.TYPES + ("identkeyval",)
288 TYPE_CHECKER = copy.copy(Option.TYPE_CHECKER)
289 TYPE_CHECKER["identkeyval"] = check_ident_key_val
292 def check_key_val(option, opt, value):
293 """Custom parser for the KeyVal option type.
296 return _SplitKeyVal(opt, value)
299 class KeyValOption(Option):
300 """Custom option class for key=val,key=val options.
302 This will store the parsed values as a dict {key: val}.
305 TYPES = Option.TYPES + ("keyval",)
306 TYPE_CHECKER = copy.copy(Option.TYPE_CHECKER)
307 TYPE_CHECKER["keyval"] = check_key_val
310 # optparse.py sets make_option, so we do it for our own option class, too
311 cli_option = CliOption
312 ikv_option = IdentKeyValOption
313 keyval_option = KeyValOption
316 def _ParseArgs(argv, commands, aliases):
317 """Parses the command line and return the function which must be
318 executed together with its arguments
321 argv: the command line
323 commands: dictionary with special contents, see the design doc for
325 aliases: dictionary with command aliases {'alias': 'target, ...}
331 binary = argv[0].split("/")[-1]
333 if len(argv) > 1 and argv[1] == "--version":
334 print "%s (ganeti) %s" % (binary, constants.RELEASE_VERSION)
335 # Quit right away. That way we don't have to care about this special
336 # argument. optparse.py does it the same.
339 if len(argv) < 2 or not (argv[1] in commands or
341 # let's do a nice thing
342 sortedcmds = commands.keys()
344 print ("Usage: %(bin)s {command} [options...] [argument...]"
345 "\n%(bin)s <command> --help to see details, or"
346 " man %(bin)s\n" % {"bin": binary})
347 # compute the max line length for cmd + usage
348 mlen = max([len(" %s" % cmd) for cmd in commands])
349 mlen = min(60, mlen) # should not get here...
350 # and format a nice command list
352 for cmd in sortedcmds:
353 cmdstr = " %s" % (cmd,)
354 help_text = commands[cmd][4]
355 help_lines = textwrap.wrap(help_text, 79-3-mlen)
356 print "%-*s - %s" % (mlen, cmdstr, help_lines.pop(0))
357 for line in help_lines:
358 print "%-*s %s" % (mlen, "", line)
360 return None, None, None
362 # get command, unalias it, and look it up in commands
366 raise errors.ProgrammerError("Alias '%s' overrides an existing"
369 if aliases[cmd] not in commands:
370 raise errors.ProgrammerError("Alias '%s' maps to non-existing"
371 " command '%s'" % (cmd, aliases[cmd]))
375 func, nargs, parser_opts, usage, description = commands[cmd]
376 parser = OptionParser(option_list=parser_opts,
377 description=description,
378 formatter=TitledHelpFormatter(),
379 usage="%%prog %s %s" % (cmd, usage))
380 parser.disable_interspersed_args()
381 options, args = parser.parse_args()
384 print >> sys.stderr, ("Error: Command %s expects no arguments" % cmd)
385 return None, None, None
386 elif nargs < 0 and len(args) != -nargs:
387 print >> sys.stderr, ("Error: Command %s expects %d argument(s)" %
389 return None, None, None
390 elif nargs >= 0 and len(args) < nargs:
391 print >> sys.stderr, ("Error: Command %s expects at least %d argument(s)" %
393 return None, None, None
395 return func, options, args
398 def SplitNodeOption(value):
399 """Splits the value of a --node option.
402 if value and ':' in value:
403 return value.split(':', 1)
408 def ValidateBeParams(bep):
409 """Parse and check the given beparams.
411 The function will update in-place the given dictionary.
414 @param bep: input beparams
415 @raise errors.ParameterError: if the input values are not OK
416 @raise errors.UnitParseError: if the input values are not OK
419 if constants.BE_MEMORY in bep:
420 bep[constants.BE_MEMORY] = utils.ParseUnit(bep[constants.BE_MEMORY])
422 if constants.BE_VCPUS in bep:
424 bep[constants.BE_VCPUS] = int(bep[constants.BE_VCPUS])
426 raise errors.ParameterError("Invalid number of VCPUs")
430 def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
433 return fn(*args, **kwargs)
439 def AskUser(text, choices=None):
440 """Ask the user a question.
443 text - the question to ask.
445 choices - list with elements tuples (input_char, return_value,
446 description); if not given, it will default to: [('y', True,
447 'Perform the operation'), ('n', False, 'Do no do the operation')];
448 note that the '?' char is reserved for help
450 Returns: one of the return values from the choices list; if input is
451 not possible (i.e. not running with a tty, we return the last entry
456 choices = [('y', True, 'Perform the operation'),
457 ('n', False, 'Do not perform the operation')]
458 if not choices or not isinstance(choices, list):
459 raise errors.ProgrammerError("Invalid choiches argument to AskUser")
460 for entry in choices:
461 if not isinstance(entry, tuple) or len(entry) < 3 or entry[0] == '?':
462 raise errors.ProgrammerError("Invalid choiches element to AskUser")
464 answer = choices[-1][1]
466 for line in text.splitlines():
467 new_text.append(textwrap.fill(line, 70, replace_whitespace=False))
468 text = "\n".join(new_text)
470 f = file("/dev/tty", "a+")
474 chars = [entry[0] for entry in choices]
475 chars[-1] = "[%s]" % chars[-1]
477 maps = dict([(entry[0], entry[1]) for entry in choices])
481 f.write("/".join(chars))
483 line = f.readline(2).strip().lower()
488 for entry in choices:
489 f.write(" %s - %s\n" % (entry[0], entry[2]))
497 class JobSubmittedException(Exception):
498 """Job was submitted, client should exit.
500 This exception has one argument, the ID of the job that was
501 submitted. The handler should print this ID.
503 This is not an error, just a structured way to exit from clients.
508 def SendJob(ops, cl=None):
509 """Function to submit an opcode without waiting for the results.
512 @param ops: list of opcodes
513 @type cl: luxi.Client
514 @param cl: the luxi client to use for communicating with the master;
515 if None, a new client will be created
521 job_id = cl.SubmitJob(ops)
526 def PollJob(job_id, cl=None, feedback_fn=None):
527 """Function to poll for the result of a job.
529 @type job_id: job identified
530 @param job_id: the job to poll for results
531 @type cl: luxi.Client
532 @param cl: the luxi client to use for communicating with the master;
533 if None, a new client will be created
540 prev_logmsg_serial = None
543 result = cl.WaitForJobChange(job_id, ["status"], prev_job_info,
546 # job not found, go away!
547 raise errors.JobLost("Job with id %s lost" % job_id)
549 # Split result, a tuple of (field values, log entries)
550 (job_info, log_entries) = result
551 (status, ) = job_info
554 for log_entry in log_entries:
555 (serial, timestamp, _, message) = log_entry
556 if callable(feedback_fn):
557 feedback_fn(log_entry[1:])
559 print "%s %s" % (time.ctime(utils.MergeTime(timestamp)), message)
560 prev_logmsg_serial = max(prev_logmsg_serial, serial)
562 # TODO: Handle canceled and archived jobs
563 elif status in (constants.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS,
564 constants.JOB_STATUS_ERROR,
565 constants.JOB_STATUS_CANCELING,
566 constants.JOB_STATUS_CANCELED):
569 prev_job_info = job_info
571 jobs = cl.QueryJobs([job_id], ["status", "opstatus", "opresult"])
573 raise errors.JobLost("Job with id %s lost" % job_id)
575 status, opstatus, result = jobs[0]
576 if status == constants.JOB_STATUS_SUCCESS:
578 elif status in (constants.JOB_STATUS_CANCELING,
579 constants.JOB_STATUS_CANCELED):
580 raise errors.OpExecError("Job was canceled")
583 for idx, (status, msg) in enumerate(zip(opstatus, result)):
584 if status == constants.OP_STATUS_SUCCESS:
586 elif status == constants.OP_STATUS_ERROR:
588 raise errors.OpExecError("partial failure (opcode %d): %s" %
591 raise errors.OpExecError(str(msg))
592 # default failure mode
593 raise errors.OpExecError(result)
596 def SubmitOpCode(op, cl=None, feedback_fn=None):
597 """Legacy function to submit an opcode.
599 This is just a simple wrapper over the construction of the processor
600 instance. It should be extended to better handle feedback and
601 interaction functions.
607 job_id = SendJob([op], cl)
609 op_results = PollJob(job_id, cl=cl, feedback_fn=feedback_fn)
614 def SubmitOrSend(op, opts, cl=None, feedback_fn=None):
615 """Wrapper around SubmitOpCode or SendJob.
617 This function will decide, based on the 'opts' parameter, whether to
618 submit and wait for the result of the opcode (and return it), or
619 whether to just send the job and print its identifier. It is used in
620 order to simplify the implementation of the '--submit' option.
623 if opts and opts.submit_only:
624 job_id = SendJob([op], cl=cl)
625 raise JobSubmittedException(job_id)
627 return SubmitOpCode(op, cl=cl, feedback_fn=feedback_fn)
631 # TODO: Cache object?
633 client = luxi.Client()
634 except luxi.NoMasterError:
635 master, myself = ssconf.GetMasterAndMyself()
637 raise errors.OpPrereqError("This is not the master node, please connect"
638 " to node '%s' and rerun the command" %
645 def FormatError(err):
646 """Return a formatted error message for a given error.
648 This function takes an exception instance and returns a tuple
649 consisting of two values: first, the recommended exit code, and
650 second, a string describing the error message (not
657 if isinstance(err, errors.ConfigurationError):
658 txt = "Corrupt configuration file: %s" % msg
660 obuf.write(txt + "\n")
661 obuf.write("Aborting.")
663 elif isinstance(err, errors.HooksAbort):
664 obuf.write("Failure: hooks execution failed:\n")
665 for node, script, out in err.args[0]:
667 obuf.write(" node: %s, script: %s, output: %s\n" %
670 obuf.write(" node: %s, script: %s (no output)\n" %
672 elif isinstance(err, errors.HooksFailure):
673 obuf.write("Failure: hooks general failure: %s" % msg)
674 elif isinstance(err, errors.ResolverError):
675 this_host = utils.HostInfo.SysName()
676 if err.args[0] == this_host:
677 msg = "Failure: can't resolve my own hostname ('%s')"
679 msg = "Failure: can't resolve hostname '%s'"
680 obuf.write(msg % err.args[0])
681 elif isinstance(err, errors.OpPrereqError):
682 obuf.write("Failure: prerequisites not met for this"
683 " operation:\n%s" % msg)
684 elif isinstance(err, errors.OpExecError):
685 obuf.write("Failure: command execution error:\n%s" % msg)
686 elif isinstance(err, errors.TagError):
687 obuf.write("Failure: invalid tag(s) given:\n%s" % msg)
688 elif isinstance(err, errors.JobQueueDrainError):
689 obuf.write("Failure: the job queue is marked for drain and doesn't"
690 " accept new requests\n")
691 elif isinstance(err, errors.GenericError):
692 obuf.write("Unhandled Ganeti error: %s" % msg)
693 elif isinstance(err, luxi.NoMasterError):
694 obuf.write("Cannot communicate with the master daemon.\nIs it running"
695 " and listening for connections?")
696 elif isinstance(err, luxi.TimeoutError):
697 obuf.write("Timeout while talking to the master daemon. Error:\n"
699 elif isinstance(err, luxi.ProtocolError):
700 obuf.write("Unhandled protocol error while talking to the master daemon:\n"
702 elif isinstance(err, JobSubmittedException):
703 obuf.write("JobID: %s\n" % err.args[0])
706 obuf.write("Unhandled exception: %s" % msg)
707 return retcode, obuf.getvalue().rstrip('\n')
710 def GenericMain(commands, override=None, aliases=None):
711 """Generic main function for all the gnt-* commands.
714 - commands: a dictionary with a special structure, see the design doc
715 for command line handling.
716 - override: if not None, we expect a dictionary with keys that will
717 override command line options; this can be used to pass
718 options from the scripts to generic functions
719 - aliases: dictionary with command aliases {'alias': 'target, ...}
722 # save the program name and the entire command line for later logging
724 binary = os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]) or sys.argv[0]
725 if len(sys.argv) >= 2:
726 binary += " " + sys.argv[1]
727 old_cmdline = " ".join(sys.argv[2:])
731 binary = "<unknown program>"
737 func, options, args = _ParseArgs(sys.argv, commands, aliases)
738 if func is None: # parse error
741 if override is not None:
742 for key, val in override.iteritems():
743 setattr(options, key, val)
745 utils.SetupLogging(constants.LOG_COMMANDS, debug=options.debug,
746 stderr_logging=True, program=binary)
748 utils.debug = options.debug
751 logging.info("run with arguments '%s'", old_cmdline)
753 logging.info("run with no arguments")
756 result = func(options, args)
757 except (errors.GenericError, luxi.ProtocolError,
758 JobSubmittedException), err:
759 result, err_msg = FormatError(err)
760 logging.exception("Error durring command processing")
766 def GenerateTable(headers, fields, separator, data,
767 numfields=None, unitfields=None,
769 """Prints a table with headers and different fields.
772 @param headers: dictionary mapping field names to headers for
775 @param fields: the field names corresponding to each row in
777 @param separator: the separator to be used; if this is None,
778 the default 'smart' algorithm is used which computes optimal
779 field width, otherwise just the separator is used between
782 @param data: a list of lists, each sublist being one row to be output
783 @type numfields: list
784 @param numfields: a list with the fields that hold numeric
785 values and thus should be right-aligned
786 @type unitfields: list
787 @param unitfields: a list with the fields that hold numeric
788 values that should be formatted with the units field
789 @type units: string or None
790 @param units: the units we should use for formatting, or None for
791 automatic choice (human-readable for non-separator usage, otherwise
792 megabytes); this is a one-letter string
801 if numfields is None:
803 if unitfields is None:
806 numfields = utils.FieldSet(*numfields)
807 unitfields = utils.FieldSet(*unitfields)
811 if headers and field not in headers:
812 # FIXME: handle better unknown fields (either revert to old
813 # style of raising exception, or deal more intelligently with
815 headers[field] = field
816 if separator is not None:
817 format_fields.append("%s")
818 elif numfields.Matches(field):
819 format_fields.append("%*s")
821 format_fields.append("%-*s")
823 if separator is None:
824 mlens = [0 for name in fields]
825 format = ' '.join(format_fields)
827 format = separator.replace("%", "%%").join(format_fields)
830 for idx, val in enumerate(row):
831 if unitfields.Matches(fields[idx]):
837 val = row[idx] = utils.FormatUnit(val, units)
838 val = row[idx] = str(val)
839 if separator is None:
840 mlens[idx] = max(mlens[idx], len(val))
845 for idx, name in enumerate(fields):
847 if separator is None:
848 mlens[idx] = max(mlens[idx], len(hdr))
849 args.append(mlens[idx])
851 result.append(format % tuple(args))
855 for idx in xrange(len(fields)):
856 if separator is None:
857 args.append(mlens[idx])
858 args.append(line[idx])
859 result.append(format % tuple(args))
864 def FormatTimestamp(ts):
865 """Formats a given timestamp.
868 @param ts: a timeval-type timestamp, a tuple of seconds and microseconds
871 @returns: a string with the formatted timestamp
874 if not isinstance (ts, (tuple, list)) or len(ts) != 2:
877 return time.strftime("%F %T", time.localtime(sec)) + ".%06d" % usec
880 def ParseTimespec(value):
881 """Parse a time specification.
883 The following suffixed will be recognized:
891 Without any suffix, the value will be taken to be in seconds.
896 raise errors.OpPrereqError("Empty time specification passed")
904 if value[-1] not in suffix_map:
908 raise errors.OpPrereqError("Invalid time specification '%s'" % value)
910 multiplier = suffix_map[value[-1]]
912 if not value: # no data left after stripping the suffix
913 raise errors.OpPrereqError("Invalid time specification (only"
916 value = int(value) * multiplier
918 raise errors.OpPrereqError("Invalid time specification '%s'" % value)
922 def _ToStream(stream, txt, *args):
923 """Write a message to a stream, bypassing the logging system
925 @type stream: file object
926 @param stream: the file to which we should write
928 @param txt: the message
933 stream.write(txt % args)
940 def ToStdout(txt, *args):
941 """Write a message to stdout only, bypassing the logging system
943 This is just a wrapper over _ToStream.
946 @param txt: the message
949 _ToStream(sys.stdout, txt, *args)
952 def ToStderr(txt, *args):
953 """Write a message to stderr only, bypassing the logging system
955 This is just a wrapper over _ToStream.
958 @param txt: the message
961 _ToStream(sys.stderr, txt, *args)