Synnefo » snf-ganeti

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# Copyright (C) 2006, 2007, 2011, 2012 Google Inc.

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# General Public License for more details.

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"""Module implementing the logic behind the cluster operations

This module implements the logic for doing operations in the cluster. There

are two kinds of classes defined:

  - logical units, which know how to deal with their specific opcode only

  - the processor, which dispatches the opcodes to their logical units

"""

import sys

import logging

import random

import time

import itertools

import traceback

from ganeti import opcodes

from ganeti import opcodes_base

from ganeti import constants

from ganeti import errors

from ganeti import hooksmaster

from ganeti import cmdlib

from ganeti import locking

from ganeti import utils

from ganeti import compat

from ganeti import wconfd

_OP_PREFIX = "Op"

_LU_PREFIX = "LU"

#: LU classes which don't need to acquire the node allocation lock

#: (L{locking.NAL}) when they acquire all node or node resource locks

_NODE_ALLOC_WHITELIST = frozenset([])

#: LU classes which don't need to acquire the node allocation lock

#: (L{locking.NAL}) in the same mode (shared/exclusive) as the node

#: or node resource locks

_NODE_ALLOC_MODE_WHITELIST = compat.UniqueFrozenset([

  cmdlib.LUBackupExport,

  cmdlib.LUBackupRemove,

  cmdlib.LUOobCommand,

  ])

class LockAcquireTimeout(Exception):

  """Exception to report timeouts on acquiring locks.

  """

def _CalculateLockAttemptTimeouts():

  """Calculate timeouts for lock attempts.

  """

  result = [constants.LOCK_ATTEMPTS_MINWAIT]

  running_sum = result[0]

  # Wait for a total of at least LOCK_ATTEMPTS_TIMEOUT before doing a

  # blocking acquire

  while running_sum < constants.LOCK_ATTEMPTS_TIMEOUT:

    timeout = (result[-1] * 1.05) ** 1.25

    # Cap max timeout. This gives other jobs a chance to run even if

    # we're still trying to get our locks, before finally moving to a

    # blocking acquire.

    timeout = min(timeout, constants.LOCK_ATTEMPTS_MAXWAIT)

    # And also cap the lower boundary for safety

    timeout = max(timeout, constants.LOCK_ATTEMPTS_MINWAIT)

    result.append(timeout)

    running_sum += timeout

  return result

class LockAttemptTimeoutStrategy(object):

  """Class with lock acquire timeout strategy.

  """

  __slots__ = [

    "_timeouts",

    "_random_fn",

    "_time_fn",

    ]

  _TIMEOUT_PER_ATTEMPT = _CalculateLockAttemptTimeouts()

  def __init__(self, _time_fn=time.time, _random_fn=random.random):

    """Initializes this class.

    @param _time_fn: Time function for unittests

    @param _random_fn: Random number generator for unittests

    """

    object.__init__(self)

    self._timeouts = iter(self._TIMEOUT_PER_ATTEMPT)

    self._time_fn = _time_fn

    self._random_fn = _random_fn

  def NextAttempt(self):

    """Returns the timeout for the next attempt.

    """

    try:

      timeout = self._timeouts.next()

    except StopIteration:

      # No more timeouts, do blocking acquire

      timeout = None

    if timeout is not None:

      # Add a small variation (-/+ 5%) to timeout. This helps in situations

      # where two or more jobs are fighting for the same lock(s).

      variation_range = timeout * 0.1

      timeout += ((self._random_fn() * variation_range) -

                  (variation_range * 0.5))

    return timeout

class OpExecCbBase(object): # pylint: disable=W0232

  """Base class for OpCode execution callbacks.

  """

  def NotifyStart(self):

    """Called when we are about to execute the LU.

    This function is called when we're about to start the lu's Exec() method,

    that is, after we have acquired all locks.

    """

  def Feedback(self, *args):

    """Sends feedback from the LU code to the end-user.

    """

  def CurrentPriority(self): # pylint: disable=R0201

    """Returns current priority or C{None}.

    """

    return None

  def SubmitManyJobs(self, jobs):

    """Submits jobs for processing.

    See L{jqueue.JobQueue.SubmitManyJobs}.

    """

    raise NotImplementedError

def _LUNameForOpName(opname):

  """Computes the LU name for a given OpCode name.

  """

  assert opname.startswith(_OP_PREFIX), \

      "Invalid OpCode name, doesn't start with %s: %s" % (_OP_PREFIX, opname)

  return _LU_PREFIX + opname[len(_OP_PREFIX):]

def _ComputeDispatchTable():

  """Computes the opcode-to-lu dispatch table.

  """

  return dict((op, getattr(cmdlib, _LUNameForOpName(op.__name__)))

              for op in opcodes.OP_MAPPING.values()

              if op.WITH_LU)

def _SetBaseOpParams(src, defcomment, dst):

  """Copies basic opcode parameters.

  @type src: L{opcodes.OpCode}

  @param src: Source opcode

  @type defcomment: string

  @param defcomment: Comment to specify if not already given

  @type dst: L{opcodes.OpCode}

  @param dst: Destination opcode

  """

  if hasattr(src, "debug_level"):

    dst.debug_level = src.debug_level

  if (getattr(dst, "priority", None) is None and

      hasattr(src, "priority")):

    dst.priority = src.priority

  if not getattr(dst, opcodes_base.COMMENT_ATTR, None):

    dst.comment = defcomment

  if hasattr(src, constants.OPCODE_REASON):

    dst.reason = getattr(dst, constants.OPCODE_REASON, [])

    dst.reason.extend(getattr(src, constants.OPCODE_REASON, []))

def _ProcessResult(submit_fn, op, result):

  """Examines opcode result.

  If necessary, additional processing on the result is done.

  """

  if isinstance(result, cmdlib.ResultWithJobs):

    # Copy basic parameters (e.g. priority)

    map(compat.partial(_SetBaseOpParams, op,

                       "Submitted by %s" % op.OP_ID),

        itertools.chain(*result.jobs))

    # Submit jobs

    job_submission = submit_fn(result.jobs)

    # Build dictionary

    result = result.other

    assert constants.JOB_IDS_KEY not in result, \

      "Key '%s' found in additional return values" % constants.JOB_IDS_KEY

    result[constants.JOB_IDS_KEY] = job_submission

  return result

def _FailingSubmitManyJobs(_):

  """Implementation of L{OpExecCbBase.SubmitManyJobs} to raise an exception.

  """

  raise errors.ProgrammerError("Opcodes processed without callbacks (e.g."

                               " queries) can not submit jobs")

def _VerifyLocks(lu, _mode_whitelist=_NODE_ALLOC_MODE_WHITELIST,

                 _nal_whitelist=_NODE_ALLOC_WHITELIST):

  """Performs consistency checks on locks acquired by a logical unit.

  @type lu: L{cmdlib.LogicalUnit}

  @param lu: Logical unit instance

  """

  if not __debug__:

    return

  allocset = lu.owned_locks(locking.LEVEL_NODE_ALLOC)

  have_nal = locking.NAL in allocset

  for level in [locking.LEVEL_NODE, locking.LEVEL_NODE_RES]:

    # TODO: Verify using actual lock mode, not using LU variables

    if level in lu.needed_locks:

      share_node_alloc = lu.share_locks[locking.LEVEL_NODE_ALLOC]

      share_level = lu.share_locks[level]

      if lu.__class__ in _mode_whitelist:

        assert share_node_alloc != share_level, \

          "LU is whitelisted to use different modes for node allocation lock"

      else:

        assert bool(share_node_alloc) == bool(share_level), \

          ("Node allocation lock must be acquired using the same mode as nodes"

           " and node resources")

      if lu.__class__ in _nal_whitelist:

        assert not have_nal, \

          "LU is whitelisted for not acquiring the node allocation lock"

      elif lu.needed_locks[level] == locking.ALL_SET:

        assert have_nal, \

          ("Node allocation lock must be used if an LU acquires all nodes"

           " or node resources")

def _LockList(names):

  """If 'names' is a string, make it a single-element list.

  @type names: list or string

  @param names: Lock names

  @rtype: a list of strings

  @return: if 'names' argument is an iterable, a list of it;

      if it's a string, make it a one-element list

  """

  return [names] if isinstance(names, basestring) else list(names)

class Processor(object):

  """Object which runs OpCodes"""

  DISPATCH_TABLE = _ComputeDispatchTable()

  def __init__(self, context, ec_id, enable_locks=True):

    """Constructor for Processor

    @type context: GanetiContext

    @param context: global Ganeti context

    @type ec_id: string

    @param ec_id: execution context identifier

    """

    self.context = context

    self._ec_id = ec_id

    self._cbs = None

    self.cfg = context.GetConfig(ec_id)

    self.rpc = context.GetRpc(self.cfg)

    self.hmclass = hooksmaster.HooksMaster

    self._enable_locks = enable_locks

    self.wconfd = wconfd # Indirection to allow testing

    self._wconfdcontext = context.GetWConfdContext(ec_id)

  def _CheckLocksEnabled(self):

    """Checks if locking is enabled.

    @raise errors.ProgrammerError: In case locking is not enabled

    """

    if not self._enable_locks:

      raise errors.ProgrammerError("Attempted to use disabled locks")

  def _AcquireLocks(self, level, names, shared, opportunistic, timeout):

    """Acquires locks via the Ganeti lock manager.

    @type level: int

    @param level: Lock level

    @type names: list or string

    @param names: Lock names

    @type shared: bool

    @param shared: Whether the locks should be acquired in shared mode

    @type opportunistic: bool

    @param opportunistic: Whether to acquire opportunistically

    @type timeout: None or float

    @param timeout: Timeout for acquiring the locks

    @raise LockAcquireTimeout: In case locks couldn't be acquired in specified

        amount of time

    """

    self._CheckLocksEnabled()

    # TODO: honor priority in lock allocation

    if self._cbs:

      priority = self._cbs.CurrentPriority() # pylint: disable=W0612

    else:

      priority = None

    if names == locking.ALL_SET:

      if opportunistic:

        expand_fns = {

          locking.LEVEL_CLUSTER: (lambda: [locking.BGL]),

          locking.LEVEL_INSTANCE: self.cfg.GetInstanceList,

          locking.LEVEL_NODE_ALLOC: (lambda: [locking.NAL]),

          locking.LEVEL_NODEGROUP: self.cfg.GetNodeGroupList,

          locking.LEVEL_NODE: self.cfg.GetNodeList,

          locking.LEVEL_NODE_RES: self.cfg.GetNodeList,

          locking.LEVEL_NETWORK: self.cfg.GetNetworkList,

          }

        names = expand_fns[level]()

      else:

        names = locking.LOCKSET_NAME

    names = _LockList(names)

    levelname = locking.LEVEL_NAMES[level]

    locks = ["%s/%s" % (levelname, lock) for lock in list(names)]

    if not names:

      logging.debug("Acquiring no locks for (%s) at level %s",

                    self._wconfdcontext, levelname)

      return []

    if shared:

      request = [[lock, "shared"] for lock in locks]

    else:

      request = [[lock, "exclusive"] for lock in locks]

    if opportunistic:

      logging.debug("Opportunistically acquring some of %s for %s.",

                    locks, self._wconfdcontext)

      locks = self.wconfd.Client().OpportunisticLockUnion(self._wconfdcontext,

                                                          request)

    elif timeout is None:

      while True:

        ## TODO: use asynchronous wait instead of polling

        blockedon = self.wconfd.Client().TryUpdateLocks(self._wconfdcontext,

                                                        request)

        logging.debug("Requesting %s for %s blocked on %s",

                      request, self._wconfdcontext, blockedon)

        if not blockedon:

          break

        time.sleep(random.random())

    else:

      logging.debug("Trying %ss to request %s for %s",

                    timeout, request, self._wconfdcontext)

      ## TODO: use blocking wait instead of polling

      blocked = utils.SimpleRetry([], self.wconfd.Client().TryUpdateLocks, 0.1,

                                  timeout, args=[self._wconfdcontext, request])

      if blocked:

        raise LockAcquireTimeout()

    return locks

  def _ExecLU(self, lu):

    """Logical Unit execution sequence.

    """

    write_count = self.cfg.write_count

    lu.CheckPrereq()

    hm = self.BuildHooksManager(lu)

    h_results = hm.RunPhase(constants.HOOKS_PHASE_PRE)

    lu.HooksCallBack(constants.HOOKS_PHASE_PRE, h_results,

                     self.Log, None)

    if getattr(lu.op, "dry_run", False):

      # in this mode, no post-hooks are run, and the config is not

      # written (as it might have been modified by another LU, and we

      # shouldn't do writeout on behalf of other threads

      self.LogInfo("dry-run mode requested, not actually executing"

                   " the operation")

      return lu.dry_run_result

    if self._cbs:

      submit_mj_fn = self._cbs.SubmitManyJobs

    else:

      submit_mj_fn = _FailingSubmitManyJobs

    try:

      result = _ProcessResult(submit_mj_fn, lu.op, lu.Exec(self.Log))

      h_results = hm.RunPhase(constants.HOOKS_PHASE_POST)

      result = lu.HooksCallBack(constants.HOOKS_PHASE_POST, h_results,

                                self.Log, result)

    finally:

      # FIXME: This needs locks if not lu_class.REQ_BGL

      if write_count != self.cfg.write_count:

        hm.RunConfigUpdate()

    return result

  def BuildHooksManager(self, lu):

    return self.hmclass.BuildFromLu(lu.rpc.call_hooks_runner, lu)

  def _LockAndExecLU(self, lu, level, calc_timeout):

    """Execute a Logical Unit, with the needed locks.

    This is a recursive function that starts locking the given level, and

    proceeds up, till there are no more locks to acquire. Then it executes the

    given LU and its opcodes.

    """

    adding_locks = level in lu.add_locks

    acquiring_locks = level in lu.needed_locks

    if level not in locking.LEVELS:

      _VerifyLocks(lu)

      if self._cbs:

        self._cbs.NotifyStart()

      try:

        result = self._ExecLU(lu)

      except AssertionError, err:

        # this is a bit ugly, as we don't know from which phase

        # (prereq, exec) this comes; but it's better than an exception

        # with no information

        (_, _, tb) = sys.exc_info()

        err_info = traceback.format_tb(tb)

        del tb

        logging.exception("Detected AssertionError")

        raise errors.OpExecError("Internal assertion error: please report"

                                 " this as a bug.\nError message: '%s';"

                                 " location:\n%s" % (str(err), err_info[-1]))

    elif adding_locks and acquiring_locks:

      # We could both acquire and add locks at the same level, but for now we

      # don't need this, so we'll avoid the complicated code needed.

      raise NotImplementedError("Can't declare locks to acquire when adding"

                                " others")

    elif adding_locks or acquiring_locks:

      self._CheckLocksEnabled()

      lu.DeclareLocks(level)

      share = lu.share_locks[level]

      opportunistic = lu.opportunistic_locks[level]

      try:

        assert adding_locks ^ acquiring_locks, \

          "Locks must be either added or acquired"

        if acquiring_locks:

          # Acquiring locks

          needed_locks = lu.needed_locks[level]

          use_opportunistic = opportunistic

        else:

          # Adding locks

          needed_locks = _LockList(lu.add_locks[level])

          use_opportunistic = False

        self._AcquireLocks(level, needed_locks, share, use_opportunistic,

                           calc_timeout())

        lu.wconfdlocks = self.wconfd.Client().ListLocks(self._wconfdcontext)

        result = self._LockAndExecLU(lu, level + 1, calc_timeout)

      finally:

        levelname = locking.LEVEL_NAMES[level]

        logging.debug("Freeing locks at level %s for %s",

                      levelname, self._wconfdcontext)

        self.wconfd.Client().FreeLocksLevel(self._wconfdcontext, levelname)

    else:

      result = self._LockAndExecLU(lu, level + 1, calc_timeout)

    return result

  # pylint: disable=R0201

  def _CheckLUResult(self, op, result):

    """Check the LU result against the contract in the opcode.

    """

    resultcheck_fn = op.OP_RESULT

    if not (resultcheck_fn is None or resultcheck_fn(result)):

      logging.error("Expected opcode result matching %s, got %s",

                    resultcheck_fn, result)

      if not getattr(op, "dry_run", False):

        # FIXME: LUs should still behave in dry_run mode, or

        # alternately we should have OP_DRYRUN_RESULT; in the

        # meantime, we simply skip the OP_RESULT check in dry-run mode

        raise errors.OpResultError("Opcode result does not match %s: %s" %

                                   (resultcheck_fn, utils.Truncate(result, 80)))

  def ExecOpCode(self, op, cbs, timeout=None):

    """Execute an opcode.

    @type op: an OpCode instance

    @param op: the opcode to be executed

    @type cbs: L{OpExecCbBase}

    @param cbs: Runtime callbacks

    @type timeout: float or None

    @param timeout: Maximum time to acquire all locks, None for no timeout

    @raise LockAcquireTimeout: In case locks couldn't be acquired in specified

        amount of time

    """

    if not isinstance(op, opcodes.OpCode):

      raise errors.ProgrammerError("Non-opcode instance passed"

                                   " to ExecOpcode (%s)" % type(op))

    lu_class = self.DISPATCH_TABLE.get(op.__class__, None)

    if lu_class is None:

      raise errors.OpCodeUnknown("Unknown opcode")

    if timeout is None:

      calc_timeout = lambda: None

    else:

      calc_timeout = utils.RunningTimeout(timeout, False).Remaining

    self._cbs = cbs

    try:

      if self._enable_locks:

        # Acquire the Big Ganeti Lock exclusively if this LU requires it,

        # and in a shared fashion otherwise (to prevent concurrent run with

        # an exclusive LU.

        self._AcquireLocks(locking.LEVEL_CLUSTER, locking.BGL,

                            not lu_class.REQ_BGL, False, calc_timeout())

      elif lu_class.REQ_BGL:

        raise errors.ProgrammerError("Opcode '%s' requires BGL, but locks are"

                                     " disabled" % op.OP_ID)

      try:

        lu = lu_class(self, op, self.context, self.cfg, self.rpc,

                      self._wconfdcontext, self.wconfd)

        lu.wconfdlocks = self.wconfd.Client().ListLocks(self._wconfdcontext)

        lu.ExpandNames()

        assert lu.needed_locks is not None, "needed_locks not set by LU"

        try:

          result = self._LockAndExecLU(lu, locking.LEVEL_CLUSTER + 1,

                                       calc_timeout)

        finally:

          if self._ec_id:

            self.cfg.DropECReservations(self._ec_id)

      finally:

        # Release BGL if owned

        bglname = "%s/%s" % (locking.LEVEL_NAMES[locking.LEVEL_CLUSTER],

                             locking.BGL)

        self.wconfd.Client().TryUpdateLocks(self._wconfdcontext,

                                            [[bglname, "release"]])

    finally:

      self._cbs = None

    self._CheckLUResult(op, result)

    return result

  def Log(self, *args):

    """Forward call to feedback callback function.

    """

    if self._cbs:

      self._cbs.Feedback(*args)

  def LogStep(self, current, total, message):

    """Log a change in LU execution progress.

    """

    logging.debug("Step %d/%d %s", current, total, message)

    self.Log("STEP %d/%d %s" % (current, total, message))

  def LogWarning(self, message, *args, **kwargs):

    """Log a warning to the logs and the user.

    The optional keyword argument is 'hint' and can be used to show a

    hint to the user (presumably related to the warning). If the

    message is empty, it will not be printed at all, allowing one to

    show only a hint.

    """

    assert not kwargs or (len(kwargs) == 1 and "hint" in kwargs), \

           "Invalid keyword arguments for LogWarning (%s)" % str(kwargs)

    if args:

      message = message % tuple(args)

    if message:

      logging.warning(message)

      self.Log(" - WARNING: %s" % message)

    if "hint" in kwargs:

      self.Log("      Hint: %s" % kwargs["hint"])

  def LogInfo(self, message, *args):

    """Log an informational message to the logs and the user.

    """

    if args:

      message = message % tuple(args)

    logging.info(message)

    self.Log(" - INFO: %s" % message)

  def GetECId(self):

    """Returns the current execution context ID.

    """

    if not self._ec_id:

      raise errors.ProgrammerError("Tried to use execution context id when"

                                   " not set")

    return self._ec_id